發(fā)布時間：2018-06-07 20:38

  本文選題：電動叉車 + 新型無死區(qū)SVPWM調(diào)制��； 參考：《東北大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著能源、環(huán)保問題日益突出,電動叉車逐步代替?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)叉車。國內(nèi)電動叉車具有很高的研究價值和廣闊的市場前景,而電動叉車設(shè)計的核心是控制系統(tǒng),所以對于叉車控制系統(tǒng)的研究是有現(xiàn)實的經(jīng)濟和社會效益的。 本課題主要研究與設(shè)計一套可以用于實際應(yīng)用的電動叉車異步電機矢量控制系統(tǒng)。本文首先介紹了異步電機在三相靜止坐標(biāo)系下的數(shù)學(xué)模型,引入空間矢量的概念,通過坐標(biāo)變換,得到了兩相靜止坐標(biāo)系和兩相旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標(biāo)下的數(shù)學(xué)模型,進而介紹矢量控制的基本概念和轉(zhuǎn)子磁場定向的原理。然后,針對傳統(tǒng)SVPWM調(diào)制方法死區(qū)影響的問題,深入分析了傳統(tǒng)SVPWM與混合矢量調(diào)制,研究設(shè)計了新型的無死區(qū)SVPWM調(diào)制方法該調(diào)制方法無需設(shè)置死區(qū)。解決了傳統(tǒng)SVPWM調(diào)制方法中死區(qū)效應(yīng)導(dǎo)致波形畸變的問題,從根本上徹底避免了死區(qū)問題,逆變交流側(cè)輸出波形無畸變,正弦度良好,詳細(xì)分析該方法的原理及實現(xiàn)方法,并在Simulink中搭建仿真,驗證了該方法的正確性。 其次,系統(tǒng)軟硬件設(shè)計包括主電路功率設(shè)計、驅(qū)動電路設(shè)計、控制電路設(shè)計以及系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計。主電路設(shè)計主要分析MOSFET的基本特性,對MOSFET并聯(lián)均流特性進行分析,并在saber仿真環(huán)境下建立仿真,分析MOSFET并聯(lián)均流特性。設(shè)計了帶有緩沖電路的鋁基板工藝主電路功率板,并給出了緩沖電路中各元件參數(shù)的理論推導(dǎo)計算公式以及鋁基板設(shè)計的要求。驅(qū)動電路的設(shè)計主要采用了光耦隔離加推拉電路驅(qū)動,既隔離屏蔽增加抗干擾能力,保障系統(tǒng)的安全運行,又滿足開關(guān)速度與驅(qū)動能力。設(shè)計了以TMS320F28335為核心的控制電路及軟件系統(tǒng)。 最后,介紹了間接磁場定向矢量控制系統(tǒng),對控制系統(tǒng)的電流環(huán)和速度環(huán)進行了設(shè)計,搭建矢量控制系統(tǒng)的Simulink仿真,仿真結(jié)果表明控制系統(tǒng)具有很好的動態(tài)響應(yīng)和穩(wěn)態(tài)精度。并在搭建的硬件平臺上,進行驅(qū)動電路、緩沖電路及矢量控制系統(tǒng)的實驗。實驗結(jié)果表明：新型SVPWM調(diào)制方法驅(qū)動效果良好,緩沖電路對驅(qū)動信號有明顯改善,系統(tǒng)運行穩(wěn)定,動態(tài)性能良好,符合設(shè)計要求。
[Abstract]:Along with the energy, the environmental protection question is increasingly prominent, the electric forklift replaces the traditional forklift step by step. The domestic electric forklift has high research value and broad market prospect, and the core of the electric forklift design is the control system. Therefore, the research of forklift control system has realistic economic and social benefits. This paper mainly studies and designs a vector control system of asynchronous motor of electric forklift truck which can be used in practical application. In this paper, the mathematical model of induction motor in three-phase stationary coordinate system is introduced, and the concept of space vector is introduced. Through coordinate transformation, the mathematical model of two-phase stationary coordinate system and two-phase rotating coordinate system is obtained. Then the basic concept of vector control and the principle of rotor magnetic field orientation are introduced. Then, aiming at the problem of dead-time influence of traditional SVPWM modulation method, this paper analyzes the traditional SVPWM and hybrid vector modulation, and designs a new no-dead-zone SVPWM modulation method, which does not need to set dead-time. The problem of waveform distortion caused by dead-time effect in traditional SVPWM modulation method is solved, and the dead time problem is completely avoided. The output waveform of inverter AC side has no distortion, and the sinusoidal degree is good. The principle and implementation method of this method are analyzed in detail. The simulation in Simulink verifies the correctness of the method. Secondly, the system hardware and software design includes power design of main circuit, drive circuit design, control circuit design and system software design. The main circuit design mainly analyzes the basic characteristics of MOSFET, analyzes the parallel current sharing characteristics of MOSFET, and establishes the simulation under the saber simulation environment to analyze the parallel current sharing characteristics of MOSFET. The main circuit power board of aluminum substrate with buffer circuit is designed, and the theoretical derivation formula of the parameters of each element in the buffer circuit and the requirements of the design of aluminum substrate are given. The driving circuit is mainly designed by optocoupler isolation and push-pull circuit, which not only increases the anti-interference ability, but also meets the switching speed and driving ability. The control circuit and software system based on TMS320F28335 are designed. Finally, the indirect magnetic field oriented vector control system is introduced. The current loop and velocity loop of the control system are designed, and the Simulink simulation of the vector control system is built. Simulation results show that the control system has good dynamic response and steady-state accuracy. The experiments of drive circuit, buffer circuit and vector control system are carried out on the hardware platform. The experimental results show that the new SVPWM modulation method has good driving effect, the buffer circuit has obvious improvement on the driving signal, the system runs stably, the dynamic performance is good, and it meets the design requirements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TM343;TH242

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本文編號：1992725