本文選題：料箱式自動化倉儲系統(tǒng) + 直輸型料箱式儲分一體化系統(tǒng)��； 參考：《山東大學》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：近年來,隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的普及,人們開始逐漸習慣于通過網(wǎng)絡訂購商品。電子商務能夠利用科技方便快捷地滿足人們對商品的需求,目前已進入高速發(fā)展的時期。 為了支持電子商務的發(fā)展,中國許多企業(yè)致力于自身的電商供應鏈建設,如阿里巴巴和京東。供應鏈的核心競爭力就是物流系統(tǒng),特別是配送中心,因為它負責著商品從制造商到客戶的流通。與傳統(tǒng)的營銷模式相比,電子商務在物流領域有它獨有的需求,包括多類型的商品,小批量、多批次的訂單和訂單快速響應的客戶需求。 考慮到這些新特點,一般的配送中心布局如果直接應用于電商的配送中心,可能會不太適用。比如,像電商負責處理如此多種類的商品,一般配送中心的布局根本無法滿足倉儲和分揀的空間需求,同時,多批次的訂單及快速的客戶響應需求也對配送中心的效率提出了更高的要求,傳統(tǒng)配送中心以傳統(tǒng)營銷商為服務對象,在電商營銷下,其訂單處理能力會略顯薄弱。對于很多電商企業(yè)而言,物流系統(tǒng)目前是制約它們發(fā)展的巨大瓶頸。電商企業(yè)迫切希望建立高效的專業(yè)型電商配送中心為其提供服務。 與傳統(tǒng)倉儲系統(tǒng)相比,自動化倉儲系統(tǒng)具有空間利用能力強、物品流通效率高等優(yōu)點,這也使得它成為當前最適用于電商配送中心的倉儲系統(tǒng)。為了獲得更高的空間利用率,同時提高訂單處理的效率,將訂單分揀操作與自動倉儲系統(tǒng)結(jié)合起來。其中最常用的一種結(jié)合方式,通常被稱之為料箱式自動化倉儲系統(tǒng)。然而該系統(tǒng)畢竟不是針對電商營銷模式設計的,在電商環(huán)境下,仍然不能完全滿足配送中心對訂單處理效率的需求。 基于此,本文以料箱式自動化倉儲系統(tǒng)為基礎,通過對設計和策略的優(yōu)化,提出了更適用于電商需求的系統(tǒng)——直輸型料箱式儲分一體化系統(tǒng),并對系統(tǒng)中涉及到的分揀策略進行優(yōu)化,全面提升系統(tǒng)的訂單處理效率。 在研究該問題過程中,本文主要內(nèi)容與成果如下： 1)針對料箱-工作臺分揀系統(tǒng),深入分析了系統(tǒng)的訂單處理過程及訂單處理總時間的構(gòu)成,提出了訂單處理總時間的主要影響因素,基于此,明確了本文進行系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化的具體優(yōu)化目標及方法：對輸送系統(tǒng)及分揀工作臺的設計作出改進,同時提出配合改進性設計的品項分配、訂單分配、訂單排序優(yōu)化策略,以達到減少訂單處理過程中系統(tǒng)的料箱出庫總次數(shù)、出庫距離和輸送距離,從而提高系統(tǒng)訂單處理效率的目標。 2)針對電商的訂單特點,提出了以料箱-工作臺分揀系統(tǒng)為基礎的改進系統(tǒng)——直輸型料箱式儲分一體化系統(tǒng)。直輸型料箱式儲分一體化系統(tǒng)相對于料箱-工作臺分揀系統(tǒng)的改進包括：在輸送系統(tǒng)中加入直輸通道以縮短料箱的輸送距離,在分揀工作臺中加入訂單箱緩存區(qū)和料箱緩存區(qū)以減少料箱的重復出入庫次數(shù)。單獨分析了每個改進點對系統(tǒng)工作流程的影響,并給出了直輸型料箱式儲分一體化系統(tǒng)的完整作業(yè)流程。通過仿真驗證了改進性設計在縮短料箱的輸送距離和減少料箱的重復出入庫次數(shù)方面的效果,直輸型料箱式儲分一體化系統(tǒng)相比料箱-工作臺分揀系統(tǒng),訂單處理效率有了明顯的提升。 3)品項及訂單分配優(yōu)化問題。由于輸送系統(tǒng)中只存在一個單循環(huán)的閉合輸送線,因此料箱-工作臺分揀系統(tǒng)中不涉及到品項及訂單的分配問題。但是品項及訂單的分配策略對改進后的直輸型料箱式儲分一體化系統(tǒng)有重要影響。本文針對系統(tǒng)的改進性設計,提出與之配合的品項及訂單分配優(yōu)化策略,首先借鑒成組技術的思想,提出了相似系數(shù)和最大的優(yōu)化目標,設計了基于相似系統(tǒng)的多階段啟發(fā)式算法求解品項分配問題,該算法專門針對電商訂單設計,融合了貪婪初始化、ABC分類法、動態(tài)搜索等多種策略；然后將訂單分配問題看作聚類問題,借鑒K均值聚類法的劃分思路,提出了帶容量限制的啟發(fā)式算法求解訂單分配問題。經(jīng)實例分析,本文提出的品項及訂單分配優(yōu)化策略能幫助改進后的系統(tǒng)在訂單處理效率方面發(fā)揮更好的作用。 4)配合改進系統(tǒng)中緩存區(qū)的設計,對訂單排序問題進行優(yōu)化。首先基于品項重復累積值的概念提出訂單排序優(yōu)化問題的目標函數(shù)并建模。然后將訂單排序問題看作旅行商問題,借鑒旅行商問題的算法流程,提出了基于品項重復累積值的最鄰近插入算法與最近插入策略。最后實例分析證明了策略的有效性(其中最近插入策略的效果更好),并證實本章提出的訂單排序優(yōu)化策略能幫助改進后的系統(tǒng)在訂單處理效率方面發(fā)揮更好的作用。 本文通過對于系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化,提高訂單處理效率,在滿足電商配送中心空間利用率要求的同時,進一步滿足電商配送中心訂單處理效率的要求,打造出真正能夠為電商企業(yè)服務的專業(yè)配送中心,以適應當前的市場形勢,為電商企業(yè)的發(fā)展壯大提供保障。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the popularity of the Internet, people are getting used to ordering goods through the Internet. Electronic commerce can make use of science and technology to meet people's demand for goods quickly and quickly, and now it has entered a period of rapid development.
In order to support the development of e-commerce, many enterprises in China are committed to the construction of their own e-commerce supply chain, such as Alibaba and Jingdong. The core competitiveness of the supply chain is the logistics system, especially the distribution center, because it is responsible for the circulation of goods from the manufacturer to the customer. Compared with the traditional marketing model, the e-commerce is in the logistics field. It has its unique needs, including multiple types of goods, small batch, multi batch orders and orders to respond quickly to customer needs.
Considering these new features, the layout of a general distribution center may not be applicable if it is directly applied to an e-commerce distribution center. For example, the layout of the general distribution center can not meet the spatial needs of warehousing and sorting at all, as well as the multi batches of orders and quick customer responses. The traditional distribution center takes the traditional distributor as the service object, and the order processing ability of the traditional distribution center will be slightly weak. For many e-commerce enterprises, the logistics system is a huge bottle neck which restricts their development. The business enterprise is eager to establish the efficient and professional type. E-commerce distribution centers provide services for them.
Compared with the traditional storage system, the automated storage system has the advantages of strong space utilization and high efficiency in circulation, which makes it the most suitable storage system for the distribution center of e-commerce. In order to obtain higher spatial utilization and improve the efficiency of order processing, the order sorting operation and automatic storage system are combined. One of the most commonly used combination methods is usually called a material box automatic storage system. However, this system is not designed for e-commerce marketing mode. In the ecommerce environment, it is still not fully satisfied with the demand for order processing efficiency in the distribution center.
On the basis of this, this paper, based on the material box automatic storage system, puts forward a system which is more suitable for the demand of e-commerce - direct transmission type storage and storage integration system, and optimizes the sorting strategy involved in the system, and improves the efficiency of order processing in an all-round way.
In the process of studying this problem, the main contents and achievements of this paper are as follows:
1) according to the material box - work table sorting system, the order processing process and the composition of the total time of order processing are deeply analyzed. The main influencing factors of the total time of order processing are put forward. Based on this, the specific optimization objectives and methods of the system optimization are clarified, and the design of the transportation system and the sorting worktable is improved. In order to reduce the total number of out of the warehouse, the distance of the warehouse and the distance of the delivery, the goal of improving the efficiency of the system order processing is achieved.
2) according to the characteristics of the order of the electric business, an improved system based on the material box and the worktable sorting system is put forward. The direct transmission type material box type storage integration system is improved by adding the direct transmission channel in the conveying system to shorten the delivery distance of the material box. In the sorting work table, the order box caching area and the material box caching area are added to reduce the number of duplication and storage of the material box. The influence of each improvement on the system work flow is analyzed separately, and the complete operation process of the direct transmission material box type storage integration system is given. The efficiency of the order processing efficiency has been obviously improved compared with the material box - work table sorting system.
3) the problem of item and order distribution optimization. Because there is only a single circulation closed transmission line in the conveying system, the distribution of items and orders is not involved in the sorting system of the material box and work table. However, the distribution strategy of items and orders has an important influence on the improved direct transmission material box type storage integration system. Based on the idea of group technology, the similarity coefficient and the maximum optimization target are proposed by the idea of group technology. A multi stage heuristic algorithm based on similar system is designed to solve the problem of item allocation. The algorithm is specially designed for E-Commerce orders and fusion of greed. Starting, ABC classification, dynamic search and so on, the order allocation problem is considered as a clustering problem, and a heuristic algorithm with capacity restriction is proposed to solve the problem of order allocation by using the K means clustering method. The efficiency of single processing plays a better role.
4) with the improvement of the design of caching area in the system, the order ordering problem is optimized. First, based on the concept of repeated cumulative value of items, the objective function of order ordering optimization problem is proposed and modeled. Then order ordering is considered as a traveling salesman problem, and based on the calculation process of the traveling salesman problem, the repeated cumulative value of the item is proposed. The most adjacent insertion algorithm and the latest insertion strategy. The final instance analysis demonstrates the effectiveness of the strategy (which has a better effect on the recent insertion strategy), and confirms that the order sorting optimization strategy proposed in this chapter can help improve the efficiency of order processing in the improved system.
Through the optimization of the system, this paper improves the efficiency of order processing, satisfies the requirement of the space utilization rate of the distribution center of electric business, and further satisfies the requirement of order processing efficiency of e-commerce distribution center, and builds a professional distribution center which can serve the electric business enterprise, in order to adapt to the current market situation and develop for the development of e-commerce enterprises. Growth provides security.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F724.6;TH692.3

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