本文選題：功能對稱 + 原理對稱　； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：對稱廣泛存在于機械系統(tǒng)中,時空對稱存在于零部件、組件、整機乃至系列的各個層面,效用對稱存在于應(yīng)用不同手段實現(xiàn)相同功能的各類產(chǎn)品中。研究機械對稱,尤其是與方案多解性相關(guān)的機械效用對稱,可在概念設(shè)計中用于拓展求解思路,提高系統(tǒng)性能,滿足設(shè)計約束,縮短設(shè)計周期,并提高產(chǎn)品的市場競爭力。在綜合分析了各領(lǐng)域?qū)ΨQ的研究現(xiàn)狀后,本文針對當(dāng)前機械對稱研究存在的問題,對機械功能原理對稱的概念及其應(yīng)用知識進行了深入研究。主要研究內(nèi)容及成果體現(xiàn)在如下四個方面： 一.機械功能原理對稱概念體系的建立 在分析了跨學(xué)科領(lǐng)域?qū)ΨQ和機械對稱的研究現(xiàn)狀后,提出了機械功能原理對稱的概念和層次結(jié)構(gòu)體系。根據(jù)對稱基準(zhǔn)不同將機械對稱分為時空對稱和效用對稱兩大類。效用對稱用于描述多個方案實現(xiàn)相同設(shè)計需求的等效性。根據(jù)對稱操作不同將效用對稱進一步分為置換、分解和組合對稱,在此基礎(chǔ)上分別研究了功能效用對稱、原理效用對稱的涵義并進一步分類,從而建立起機械功能原理效用對稱體系的樹狀層次結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)對稱主體不同將時空對稱分為功能時空對稱、原理時空對稱,分析由對稱主體、組元和基準(zhǔn)組成的對稱要素,建立起機械功能原理時空對稱的概念和層次結(jié)構(gòu)體系；構(gòu)建功能原理時空對稱實例模型,據(jù)此分析整理時空對稱實例,并錄入數(shù)據(jù)庫得到功能原理時空對稱實例庫；基于實例庫,挖掘整理關(guān)聯(lián)知識并分析提煉出若干功能原理時空對稱的應(yīng)用知識。 二.機械功能效用對稱應(yīng)用知識體系的研究 以機械功能效用對稱概念體系為基礎(chǔ),構(gòu)建功能效用對稱實例模型,搜集整理400余個功能效用對稱實例并錄入數(shù)據(jù)庫,應(yīng)用計算機輔助知識挖掘系統(tǒng)進行知識挖掘得到大量設(shè)計需求、功能結(jié)構(gòu)與功能對稱操作之間的關(guān)聯(lián)知識,進而提煉得到具有“簡化系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)”、“提高能量轉(zhuǎn)換效率”、“提高人機友好性”、“加快起動過程”等效用的26條設(shè)計準(zhǔn)則及2條設(shè)計原理；進而建立“產(chǎn)品性能需求—功能方案缺點—功能效用對稱設(shè)計準(zhǔn)則/原理”關(guān)聯(lián)模型�；谏鲜龉δ苄в脤ΨQ的實例知識、關(guān)聯(lián)知識及設(shè)計準(zhǔn)則／原理,提出應(yīng)用功能效用對稱知識輔助機械功能創(chuàng)新的設(shè)計流程。 三.機械原理效用對稱應(yīng)用知識體系的研究 以機械原理效用對稱概念體系為基礎(chǔ),構(gòu)建原理效用對稱實例模型,搜集整理200余個原理效用對稱實例,并錄入數(shù)據(jù)庫。應(yīng)用計算機輔助知識挖掘系統(tǒng)進行知識挖掘得到大量設(shè)計需求與原理對稱操作之間的關(guān)聯(lián)知識,進而提煉得到若干用于“擴大作用范圍”、“提高人機友好性”、“提高工作效率”、“提高測量精度”和“消減有害副作用”等36余條設(shè)計準(zhǔn)則和2條設(shè)計原理；進而建立“產(chǎn)品性能需求—原理方案缺點—原理效用對稱設(shè)計準(zhǔn)則/原理”關(guān)聯(lián)模型�；谏鲜龅脑硇в脤ΨQ實例知識、關(guān)聯(lián)知識及設(shè)計原理/準(zhǔn)則,提出了應(yīng)用原理效用對稱知識輔助機械原理創(chuàng)新的設(shè)計流程。 四.機械功能原理對稱輔助創(chuàng)新設(shè)計平臺的建立 以前述的機械功能原理對稱概念體系及歸納總結(jié)的應(yīng)用知識為基礎(chǔ),開發(fā)了由實例管理模塊、知識管理模塊、知識挖掘模塊和知識應(yīng)用模塊組成的機械功能原理對稱輔助創(chuàng)新設(shè)計平臺原型；結(jié)合兩個應(yīng)用相關(guān)知識發(fā)明的專利“一種能自動停止加熱的電磁爐用水壺”和“一種能抵消附加磁扭矩的磁力沖擊鉆”,介紹應(yīng)用該平臺進行功能設(shè)計和原理設(shè)計的設(shè)計流程及主要操作界面。
[Abstract]:Symmetry exists widely in mechanical systems. Space-time symmetry exists in all aspects of parts, components, whole machines and even series. Utility symmetry exists in all kinds of products that apply the same function by different means. Research on mechanical symmetry, especially the utility symmetry related to multi solution of scheme, can be used to expand the solution in conceptual design. In order to improve the performance of the system, meet the design constraints, shorten the design cycle, and improve the market competitiveness of the products. After a comprehensive analysis of the current research status of symmetry in various fields, this paper, aiming at the existing problems in the research of mechanical symmetry, has carried out a deep Study on the concept of symmetry of mechanical function principle and its application knowledge. The results are reflected in the following four aspects:
The establishment of a symmetric conceptual system of mechanical function principle
After analyzing the current research status of symmetries and mechanical symmetry in interdisciplinary fields, the concept of symmetry of mechanical functions and the hierarchical structure system are proposed. According to the difference of the symmetry datum, the mechanical symmetry is divided into two categories: space-time symmetry and utility symmetry. The utility symmetry is used to describe the equivalence of the same design requirements for multiple schemes. The utility symmetry is further divided into substitution, decomposition and combinatorial symmetry. On this basis, the meaning of functional utility symmetry, the meaning of principle utility symmetry and further classification are studied respectively. Thus, the tree like structure of the mechanism of utility symmetry is established. The principle of space-time symmetry is called, and the symmetric elements composed of symmetric bodies, components and benchmarks are analyzed. The concept of space-time symmetry and hierarchical structure system of mechanical principle are established, and a spatio-temporal symmetric example model of functional principles is constructed. Based on this, the spatial and temporal symmetry examples are analyzed and arranged, and the spatial and temporal symmetry case base of functional principles is obtained. In the case base, mining related knowledge and analyzing and abstracting some application knowledge of spatiotemporal symmetry.
Two. Research on symmetric application knowledge system of mechanical function utility
On the basis of the conceptual system of mechanical utility symmetry, a functional utility symmetry example model is constructed, and more than 400 functional utility symmetry examples are collected and recorded into the database. A large number of design requirements are obtained by using the computer aided knowledge mining system for knowledge mining, and the related knowledge between functional structure and functional symmetry operation is extracted and refined. 26 design criteria and 2 design principles, which have "simplified system structure", "improve energy conversion efficiency", "improve human-computer friendliness", "accelerate the process of starting", and 2 design principles are obtained; and then the relationship model of "product performance requirement - functional scheme shortcoming, functional utility symmetry setting criterion / principle" is established. Utility knowledge, knowledge and design principles / principles, a design process of applying functional utility symmetry knowledge to assist mechanical function innovation is proposed.
Three. Research on the symmetrical application knowledge system of machine principle and utility.
On the basis of the concept of utility symmetry, the utility symmetry example model is constructed, more than 200 principles of utility symmetry are collected and collected, and a database is recorded. The knowledge mining of the knowledge mining system is used to obtain the related knowledge between a large number of design requirements and the principle of symmetry operation, and then some of them are extracted and obtained. It is used for "expanding the scope of action", "improving the human-computer friendliness", "improving the working efficiency", "improving the measurement accuracy" and "reducing the harmful side effects" of more than 36 design principles and 2 design principles, and then establish the association model of "product performance requirement - principle scheme shortcoming - principle efficiency symmetrical design criterion / principle". The above principles, the utility symmetry example knowledge, the related knowledge and the design principle / criterion, have put forward the design process of the application principle of the utility symmetry knowledge aided mechanical principle innovation.
Four. Establishment of symmetrically aided innovative design platform for mechanical function principle.
Based on the symmetrically conceptual system of mechanical principle and the applied knowledge of inductive summary, the prototype of the symmetrically aided innovation design platform, composed of case management module, knowledge management module, knowledge mining module and knowledge application module, is developed. A patent "one kind of patent" is invented in combination with two application related knowledge. The water kettle is used to automatically stop the heating of the electromagnetic furnace and a magnetic shock drill that can counteract the additional magnetic torque. The design flow and main operating interface of the application of the platform for functional design and principle design are introduced.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TH122

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