本文選題：油井測位 + 高壓氣動��； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：高壓氣動系統(tǒng)因其特有能量密度高和爆發(fā)力強等特性在武器裝備和回聲測距等領(lǐng)域得到廣泛的應(yīng)用。油井液面測量對于油井開采有著重大參考意義,而氣控閥是通過氣體發(fā)聲用于油井測位的關(guān)鍵部件,廣泛用于各個油田開采。鑒于已有的油井測位氣控閥存在結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,不能自動控制等特點,而且很少有人對用于該領(lǐng)域的閥進行理論研究。本文對用于油井測位的氣控閥進行了探索性研究,研制了一種內(nèi)外爆氣控閥,并系統(tǒng)分析了內(nèi)外爆氣控閥的工作機理。本論文的主要內(nèi)容如下： 第一章概述了氣動技術(shù)的優(yōu)缺點以及內(nèi)外爆氣控閥相關(guān)技術(shù)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r,闡述了課題的來源和研究意義,并提出了本文要開展的主要工作和難點及創(chuàng)新之處。 第二章概述了氣控閥回聲測距的工作原理,并得出氣控閥的設(shè)計要求。說明了本文研制的內(nèi)外爆氣控閥的工作原理和結(jié)構(gòu)特點。該閥利用高速小流量小通徑的先導(dǎo)閥去驅(qū)動大流量大通徑的主閥芯。主閥芯采用三級臺階式的差壓面積結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計,并通過阻尼孔將高壓腔和控制腔連接起來,以便實現(xiàn)工作狀態(tài)下主閥芯自動氣復(fù)位和氣密封。 第三章深入研究了內(nèi)外爆氣控閥的動態(tài)特性,提出以控制腔充放氣壓力轉(zhuǎn)折點為標(biāo)志,通過控制腔的壓力特性來描述氣控閥的動態(tài)特性�；跓崃W(xué)、運動學(xué)及氣壓傳動等理論上詳細(xì)建立了內(nèi)外爆氣控閥系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型。通過仿真對阻尼孔通徑、控制腔體積等影響內(nèi)外爆氣控閥動態(tài)特性的因素進行了分析和優(yōu)化。 第四章搭建了內(nèi)外爆氣控閥的實驗系統(tǒng)。實驗證明,該內(nèi)外爆氣控閥在原理上是可行的,能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)內(nèi)外爆為一體。在上游壓力為9bar的情況下,內(nèi)爆工作模式和外爆工作模式主閥芯的開啟時間分別為13ms和8ms,能夠滿足內(nèi)外爆氣控閥的性能要求。實驗分析了先導(dǎo)閥通徑、阻尼孔節(jié)流面積、上下游工作壓力和控制腔體積對閥芯動態(tài)響應(yīng)特性的影響。通過在內(nèi)爆模式下進行仿真曲線和實驗曲線的對比來驗證仿真模型的正確性。 第五章對全文的工作進行了總結(jié),并展望了后續(xù)的工作。
[Abstract]:High pressure pneumatic system has been widely used in weapon equipment and echo ranging because of its high energy density and strong explosive force. Oil well level measurement is of great reference significance for oil well production, and gas control valve is the key component of oil well location measurement by gas sound, and is widely used in various oil fields. In view of the fact that the existing gas control valves for oil wells are complex in structure and can not be automatically controlled, there are few theoretical studies on the valves used in this field. In this paper, an exploratory study on the gas control valve used in oil well position measurement is carried out, a kind of internal and external explosion gas control valve is developed, and the working mechanism of the internal and external explosion gas control valve is analyzed systematically. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: The first chapter summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the pneumatic technology and the development of the internal and external explosion valve related technologies, expounds the source and research significance of the subject, and puts forward the main work, difficulties and innovations to be carried out in this paper. In the second chapter, the working principle of echo ranging of gas control valve is summarized, and the design requirements of gas control valve are obtained. The working principle and structure characteristics of the internal and external explosion valve developed in this paper are explained. The valve uses high-speed, small-flow, small-diameter pilot valves to drive large-flow Chase-diameter main spools. The main valve core is designed with three-stage differential pressure area structure, and the high pressure cavity and control cavity are connected by damping hole to realize automatic gas reset and gas seal of the main valve core in working state. In the third chapter, the dynamic characteristics of the internal and external explosion valve are studied in depth, and the dynamic characteristics of the gas controlled valve are described by the pressure characteristic of the control chamber, which is marked by the turning point of the pressure of the control chamber. Based on thermodynamics, kinematics and pneumatic transmission, the mathematical model of internal and external explosion valve system is established in detail. The factors affecting the dynamic characteristics of the internal and external explosion valve such as the diameter of the damping hole and the volume of the control chamber are analyzed and optimized by simulation. In chapter 4, the experimental system of internal and external explosion valve is built. The experimental results show that the inner and outer explosion control valve is feasible in principle and can realize the internal and external explosion as a whole. When the upstream pressure is 9bar, the opening time of the main valve core in the implosion mode and the external exploding mode is 13ms and 8msrespectively, which can meet the performance requirements of the internal and external explosion gas control valve. The effects of pilot valve diameter, throttle area of damping hole, upstream and downstream working pressure and control chamber volume on the dynamic response characteristics of valve core were analyzed experimentally. The correctness of the simulation model is verified by comparing the simulation curve with the experimental curve in implosion mode. The fifth chapter summarizes the work of the full text, and looks forward to the follow-up work.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH134

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