本文選題：離心壓縮機(jī) + 汽輪機(jī)　； 參考：《東北大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：透平式離心式壓縮機(jī)是一種高速旋轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)械,是工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中的關(guān)鍵設(shè)備,應(yīng)用范圍廣泛。作為一種工業(yè)裝備,它廣泛應(yīng)用于石油、化工、天然氣管線,制冷和冶煉等諸多重要部門。其安全運(yùn)行與整個(gè)裝置的可靠性直接影響著經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。 由于近年來工業(yè)發(fā)展迅速,汽輪機(jī)作原動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)壓縮機(jī)的組合能夠滿足用戶各種復(fù)雜工況的需要。以往汽輪機(jī)外帶Wood Ward505E電子調(diào)速器來實(shí)現(xiàn)汽輪機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速控制,隨著工業(yè)的迅猛發(fā)展,微處理器、計(jì)算機(jī)和數(shù)字通信技術(shù)也發(fā)展迅速,產(chǎn)生了大型透平壓縮機(jī)組綜合控制系統(tǒng)(ITCC)。ITCC將傳統(tǒng)上需要多個(gè)分立儀表如防喘振調(diào)節(jié)器、聯(lián)鎖自保系統(tǒng)、電子調(diào)速器、負(fù)荷調(diào)節(jié)器等實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能集成在一套可靠性極高的三重模件(TMR)冗余容錯(cuò)控制系統(tǒng)中完成,因此減少了各個(gè)系統(tǒng)間的連接和故障率,降低了長周期運(yùn)行成本,并提供了先進(jìn)的控制技術(shù)和良好的監(jiān)控界面。 本文以汽輪機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)的透平式離心壓縮機(jī)為研究對(duì)象,通過ITCC完成了如下調(diào)速有關(guān)的設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容： (1)分析了離心式壓縮機(jī)的工作原理,全面的設(shè)計(jì)出一套針對(duì)壓縮機(jī)防喘振、調(diào)速控制等方面的控制系統(tǒng)方案,并解決了防喘振與調(diào)速之間的耦合關(guān)系。同時(shí),通過壓力/流量控制器和速度控制器的串聯(lián)控制設(shè)計(jì),實(shí)現(xiàn)了適應(yīng)工藝管網(wǎng)參數(shù)變化的調(diào)節(jié)轉(zhuǎn)速系統(tǒng)。 (2)陳述了汽輪機(jī)工作原理和汽輪機(jī)調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的硬件組成,完備的設(shè)計(jì)出一套調(diào)速控制系統(tǒng)來實(shí)現(xiàn)汽輪機(jī)拖動(dòng)壓縮機(jī)的啟動(dòng)、運(yùn)行、超速、停車等功能。為壓縮機(jī)組的穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行提供了保障。 (3)設(shè)計(jì)的調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)在實(shí)際產(chǎn)品項(xiàng)目的應(yīng)用,驗(yàn)證了本套調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的合理與可行性。 整個(gè)調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)體系結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)潔、易于維護(hù)和擴(kuò)展、響應(yīng)速度快、控制精確、人機(jī)界面友好,機(jī)組調(diào)速控制合理,可以有效改善傳統(tǒng)節(jié)流調(diào)節(jié)控制策略造成的能源浪費(fèi)現(xiàn)象,具備良好的應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:Turbine centrifugal compressor is a kind of high-speed rotating machine, which is the key equipment in industrial production and is widely used. As an industrial equipment, it is widely used in petroleum, chemical, natural gas pipeline, refrigeration and smelting and many other important sectors. Its safe operation and the reliability of the whole device directly affect the economic benefits. Due to the rapid development of industry in recent years, the combination of steam turbine as prime mover drive compressor can meet the needs of users under various complex working conditions. In the past, Wood Ward505E electronic governor was used to control the speed of steam turbine. With the rapid development of industry, microprocessor, computer and digital communication technology also developed rapidly. The integrated control system of the large turbine compressor unit ITCC. ITCC will traditionally require multiple discrete instruments such as anti-surge regulator, interlocking self-protection system, electronic governor, The functions of load regulator and so on are integrated into a highly reliable TMR-redundancy fault-tolerant control system, which reduces the connection and failure rate of each system, and reduces the long period operation cost. And provide advanced control technology and good monitoring interface. In this paper, the turbine centrifugal compressor driven by steam turbine is taken as the research object, and the design contents of the following speed regulation are completed by ITCC: 1) the working principle of centrifugal compressor is analyzed, a set of control system is designed for compressor anti-surge and speed regulation control, and the coupling relationship between anti-surge and speed regulation is solved. At the same time, through the series control design of the pressure / flow controller and the speed controller, the adjustable rotational speed system adapted to the change of the process pipe network parameters is realized. In this paper, the working principle of steam turbine and the hardware composition of speed regulating system of steam turbine are stated. A set of speed control system is designed to realize the functions of starting, running, overspeed and stopping of steam turbine drive compressor. It provides a guarantee for the stable operation of the compressor unit. The application of the designed regulation system in the actual product project verifies the reasonableness and feasibility of the design of the adjustment system. The system structure is simple, easy to maintain and extend, fast response, accurate control, friendly man-machine interface, reasonable speed control of the unit, which can effectively improve the energy waste caused by the traditional throttling control strategy. It has good application prospect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TH452

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