本文選題：大柔度動(dòng)臂式塔機(jī) + 靜態(tài)剛度��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著高強(qiáng)度結(jié)構(gòu)鋼材的普遍使用，動(dòng)臂式塔機(jī)朝著大型重載、輕質(zhì)高速度方向發(fā)展的同時(shí)，其剛度卻相對(duì)減少。為此，計(jì)及構(gòu)件柔性變形的非線性力學(xué)分析更多地為人們所關(guān)注。本文綜合考慮分析了多種因素對(duì)動(dòng)臂式塔機(jī)動(dòng)靜態(tài)剛度的影響，基于非線性理論，分別獲得了計(jì)算大柔度動(dòng)臂式塔機(jī)靜態(tài)剛度和動(dòng)態(tài)剛度的高精度、便捷、實(shí)用表達(dá)式，并給出了兩者相互關(guān)系式。 充分考慮了格構(gòu)式構(gòu)件腹桿的影響，建立動(dòng)臂式塔機(jī)的實(shí)腹等效模型。在多種復(fù)雜載荷作用下，基于非線性理論建立柔性動(dòng)臂式塔機(jī)側(cè)向位移分析的力學(xué)模型，推導(dǎo)出塔身端部側(cè)向位移精確解析表達(dá)式。在精確解析表達(dá)式基礎(chǔ)上，給出便于工程應(yīng)用習(xí)慣的側(cè)向位移實(shí)用便捷算式及其撓度放大系數(shù)和計(jì)算長(zhǎng)度系數(shù)的表達(dá)式。對(duì)計(jì)算長(zhǎng)度系數(shù)進(jìn)行分析，得出在起重力矩一定時(shí)，側(cè)向位移和撓度放大系數(shù)分別隨吊臂仰角增加而增加的規(guī)律。分析了動(dòng)臂式塔機(jī)自重及吊臂對(duì)塔機(jī)靜態(tài)剛度計(jì)算結(jié)果的影響，明確了自重及吊臂在靜態(tài)剛度計(jì)算分析中的重要性。 根據(jù)動(dòng)能等效原則，建立了動(dòng)臂式塔機(jī)平面內(nèi)點(diǎn)頭頻率的單自由度模型，大大降低了計(jì)算量，提高了計(jì)算效率。與傳統(tǒng)的做法相比，塔身等效時(shí)考慮了腹桿影響，，并考慮了軸力對(duì)塔身剛度的削弱，計(jì)入撓度放大系數(shù)，提高了模型的計(jì)算精度。建立了動(dòng)臂式塔機(jī)動(dòng)靜態(tài)剛度的之間相互關(guān)系式。 通過(guò)典型動(dòng)臂式塔機(jī)實(shí)例計(jì)算分析表明，采用本文中的公式計(jì)算動(dòng)臂式塔機(jī)靜態(tài)剛度和動(dòng)態(tài)剛度的結(jié)果與通用有限元軟件ANSYS的計(jì)算結(jié)果基本吻合，體現(xiàn)了本文方法的精確性，符合工程及科研的計(jì)算分析要求。本文的結(jié)果可為起重機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范中關(guān)于動(dòng)臂式塔機(jī)動(dòng)靜態(tài)剛度的計(jì)算及對(duì)大柔度動(dòng)臂式塔機(jī)力學(xué)計(jì)算分析提供理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With the widespread use of high strength structural steel, the stiffness of the movable arm tower crane is relatively reduced while it is developed towards the direction of heavy load and light weight and high speed. For this reason, nonlinear mechanical analysis of flexible deformation of members has attracted more and more attention. In this paper, the influence of many factors on the dynamic and static stiffness of the movable arm tower crane is analyzed synthetically. Based on the nonlinear theory, the high precision, convenient and practical expressions for calculating the static and dynamic stiffness of the movable arm tower crane with large flexibility are obtained, respectively. The relationship between them is given. The full web equivalent model of the movable arm tower crane is established by considering the influence of the web bar of the latticed member. Based on nonlinear theory, a mechanical model for lateral displacement analysis of flexible movable arm tower crane is established under various complex loads, and an accurate analytical expression of lateral displacement at the end of tower body is derived. On the basis of the exact analytical expression, the practical and convenient formula of lateral displacement and the expressions of the deflection magnification factor and the calculating length coefficient are given, which are convenient for engineering application. Based on the analysis of the calculated length coefficient, the law that the lateral displacement and deflection magnification coefficient increase with the elevation angle of the boom is obtained when the lifting moment is fixed. The influence of dead weight and boom on the calculation results of static stiffness of tower crane is analyzed, and the importance of dead weight and boom in static stiffness calculation is clarified. According to the principle of kinetic energy equivalence, a single degree of freedom model of nodding frequency in the plane of a movable arm tower crane is established, which greatly reduces the calculation amount and improves the calculation efficiency. Compared with the traditional method, the web member is considered when the tower body is equivalent, and the axial force is considered to weaken the stiffness of the tower body, and the deflection magnification factor is taken into account to improve the calculation accuracy of the model. The relationship between the dynamic and static stiffness of the movable arm tower crane is established. Through the calculation and analysis of a typical movable arm tower crane, it is shown that the results of static and dynamic stiffness calculated by the formula in this paper are in good agreement with those of the general finite element software ANSYS, which reflects the accuracy of the method in this paper. Meet the requirements of calculation and analysis of engineering and scientific research. The results of this paper can provide a theoretical basis for the calculation of the dynamic and static stiffness of the crane in the design code of the crane and for the mechanical calculation and analysis of the movable boom tower crane with large flexibility.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TH213.3

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