發(fā)布時間：2018-05-11 21:07

  本文選題：綠色設(shè)計 + 生命周期評價��； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：日益嚴峻的資源和環(huán)境問題已經(jīng)成為制約我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的瓶頸,同時歐美等發(fā)達國家針對我國機電產(chǎn)品的出口形成了綠色貿(mào)易壁壘。綠色設(shè)計制造已經(jīng)成為一種趨勢,是改善我國機電產(chǎn)品環(huán)境屬性、提高產(chǎn)品國際競爭力的重要舉措。生命周期評價技術(shù)(Life Cycle Assessment, LCA)是綠色設(shè)計綠色制造的關(guān)鍵支撐技術(shù)�，F(xiàn)有的LCA方法大都是針對已有的產(chǎn)品進行數(shù)據(jù)收集,建立評價模型進行環(huán)境影響評價；缺少對一般設(shè)計信息的利用和對潛在設(shè)計信息的挖掘,無法適用于方案設(shè)計階段。 方案設(shè)計作為產(chǎn)品設(shè)計的重要階段,是產(chǎn)品設(shè)計能否成功的關(guān)鍵,決定了產(chǎn)品性能的70%-80%。如何在方案設(shè)計階段對產(chǎn)品全生命周期環(huán)境和資源屬性做出正確評價,是綠色設(shè)計能否成功的關(guān)鍵。在此背景下,本文對機電產(chǎn)品方案設(shè)計階段的綠色設(shè)計方法進行重點研究,建立針對方案設(shè)計階段的產(chǎn)品環(huán)境屬性快速評價及決策模型,支持我國機電產(chǎn)品的綠色設(shè)計。 (1)在分析綠色設(shè)計內(nèi)涵的基礎(chǔ)上建立了針對機電產(chǎn)品方案設(shè)計階段的綠色設(shè)計模型。針對模型的需要提出了綠色特征的概念,分析了綠色設(shè)計過程的設(shè)計信息,并探討了綠色特征的內(nèi)涵,對產(chǎn)品方案設(shè)計階段的設(shè)計信息和潛在設(shè)計信息進行挖掘,以綠色特征化建模的方式將產(chǎn)品設(shè)計信息轉(zhuǎn)化為綠色特征值；并以模糊層次分析法分析了應(yīng)用綠色特征進行設(shè)計方案決策的方法。 (2)建立了面向機電產(chǎn)品方案設(shè)計的綠色特征創(chuàng)建模型。首先研究產(chǎn)品方案設(shè)計信息的表達方法,以零件層-部件層-裝置層-功能層-方案層的由葉到根的樹形結(jié)構(gòu)表達設(shè)計信息,并建立了便于綠色特征提取的設(shè)計信息表達矩陣；再根據(jù)生命周期環(huán)境影響評價的思想分析了綠色特征的類型及分類特征化處理方法,建立了綠色特征的篩選矩陣。最后闡述了綠色特征篩選聚合的具體方法,建立了以綠色特征為基礎(chǔ)的產(chǎn)品方案設(shè)計信息表達模型。 (3)在本文闡述的理論、方法的基礎(chǔ)上應(yīng)用C#編程語言及SQL Sever數(shù)據(jù)庫技術(shù)進行了綠色設(shè)計軟件系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)。分為操作層、算法層、數(shù)據(jù)庫層對設(shè)計工具進行總體設(shè)計；建立了基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)庫、用戶數(shù)據(jù)庫及過程數(shù)據(jù)庫；分四個模塊對操作界面進行設(shè)計。 (4)以Y80小型通用電機為例研究了綠色特征的建模過程,獲得該電機的綠色特征。
[Abstract]:The increasingly severe problems of resources and environment have become the bottleneck restricting the economic development of our country. At the same time, developed countries such as Europe and America have formed green trade barriers against the export of China's mechanical and electrical products. Green design and manufacturing has become a trend, which is an important measure to improve the environmental properties of mechanical and electrical products and enhance the international competitiveness of products. Life Cycle Assessment, LCA) is the key supporting technology of green design and green manufacturing. Most of the existing LCA methods are used to collect data for existing products and establish evaluation models for environmental impact assessment, and lack of general design information and mining of potential design information, which can not be used in the stage of project design. As an important stage of product design, scheme design is the key to the success of product design. It is the key to the success of green design that how to evaluate the environment and resource attributes of the whole product life cycle in the project design stage. Under this background, this paper focuses on the green design method in the design phase of electromechanical products, and establishes a rapid evaluation and decision model for the environmental properties of the products in the phase of the scheme design to support the green design of mechanical and electrical products in China. 1) based on the analysis of the connotation of green design, a green design model for the design stage of mechanical and electrical products is established. According to the needs of the model, the concept of green feature is put forward, the design information of green design process is analyzed, the connotation of green feature is discussed, and the design information and potential design information of product scheme design stage are excavated. The product design information is transformed into green feature value by green feature modeling, and the method of applying green feature to design scheme decision is analyzed by fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP). The green feature creation model for electromechanical product scheme design is established. Firstly, the representation method of product scheme design information is studied, and the design information is expressed by the tree structure from leaf to root of part layer, component layer, device layer, function layer and scheme layer, and the expression matrix of design information is established which is convenient to extract green features. Then, according to the idea of life cycle environmental impact assessment, the types of green features and the treatment methods of classification characteristics are analyzed, and the screening matrix of green features is established. Finally, the concrete method of green feature screening and aggregation is introduced, and the information expression model of product scheme design based on green feature is established. 3) based on the theory and method described in this paper, the green design software system is developed by using C # programming language and SQL Sever database technology. It is divided into operation layer, algorithm layer and database layer. The basic database, user database and process database are established. The operation interface is designed in four modules. The modeling process of green feature of Y80 general purpose motor is studied, and the green feature of the motor is obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH122

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