本文選題：輪式裝載機(jī) + 耦合減振系統(tǒng)�。� 參考：《太原科技大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：輪式裝載機(jī)是工程機(jī)械中應(yīng)用很頻繁的一種機(jī)械,其性能的好壞直接關(guān)系著工程建設(shè)的速度、效率及成本的支出。輪式裝載機(jī)經(jīng)常在不平路面上行駛,它的工作環(huán)境比較惡劣,當(dāng)輪式裝載機(jī)在行駛過程時,工作裝置及物料會對由于路面不平及障礙物做出一定的反應(yīng),進(jìn)而會引起整機(jī)的振動,嚴(yán)重時會產(chǎn)生俯仰振動;當(dāng)輪式裝載機(jī)在進(jìn)行中長距離作業(yè)時,無法衰減由于高速行駛而引起的振動,嚴(yán)重影響了輪式裝載機(jī)的效率,即限制了輪式裝載機(jī)高速、高效的發(fā)展。 本文的研究的目的是為針對減小輪式裝載機(jī)鏟斗內(nèi)物料的撒落及給整機(jī)帶來振動的影響而開發(fā)一套液壓耦合減振系統(tǒng)。一般的輪式裝載機(jī)在行駛作業(yè)過程中,其工作裝置和車架之間近似剛性連接,加入減振系統(tǒng)之后它們之間不再是剛性連接,可以有效地減小物料的撒落、減小整機(jī)的振動及可以緩解司機(jī)操作人員的疲勞。 本文研究的內(nèi)容主要包括:針對不同裝載質(zhì)量的裝載機(jī),在分析現(xiàn)有系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)其工作原理及振動理論,建立整機(jī)振動模型,分析耦合減振系統(tǒng)的剛性特性和阻尼特性,建立數(shù)學(xué)模型,利用MATLAB編程、繪圖研究減振系統(tǒng)的剛度與蓄能器初始充氣壓力和體積、裝載機(jī)裝載質(zhì)量及舉升動臂油缸伸縮長度之間的關(guān)系,并提出了通過改變蓄能器初始充氣壓力是改變減振系統(tǒng)剛性特性的最簡便、有效的方法;根據(jù)《GB7031—86車輛振動輸入路面平度表示方法》,建立了各種路面激勵的表達(dá)式;采用虛擬樣機(jī)理論和技術(shù),利用造型功能強(qiáng)大的三維軟件Pro/E和專業(yè)動力學(xué)仿真軟件ADAMS,根據(jù)不同的路面激勵,采用諧波疊加激勵和隨機(jī)路面激勵多種激勵方式對整機(jī)振動實體模型進(jìn)行了仿真分析;最后對仿真結(jié)果進(jìn)行了合理性、準(zhǔn)確性分析,說明建立的耦合減振系統(tǒng)對工程實際具有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:Wheel loader is a kind of machinery which is used frequently in construction machinery. Its performance is directly related to the speed, efficiency and cost of engineering construction. Wheel loaders often travel on rough roads, and their working environment is rather bad. When wheel loaders are in the process of running, the working devices and materials will react to the uneven roads and obstacles. Then the vibration of the whole machine will be caused, and the pitching vibration will occur when the wheel loader is in the middle and long distance operation, and the vibration caused by the high speed driving can not be attenuated, which seriously affects the efficiency of the wheel loader. That is to say, the high speed and high efficiency development of wheel loader is limited. The purpose of this paper is to develop a set of hydraulic coupling vibration absorption system in order to reduce the drop of material in the bucket of wheel loader and the effect of vibration on the whole machine. The general wheel loader is approximately rigid connection between the working device and the frame during the driving operation. After adding the vibration absorption system, the connection between them is no longer rigid, which can effectively reduce the drop of the material. Reduce the vibration of the whole machine and reduce the fatigue of the driver operator. The main contents of this paper are as follows: based on the analysis of the existing system, the vibration model of the whole loader is established according to its working principle and vibration theory. The stiffness and damping characteristics of the coupled damping system are analyzed, and the mathematical model is established. The stiffness of the damping system and the initial inflatable pressure and volume of the accumulator are studied by using MATLAB programming. The relationship between the loading mass of the loader and the extension length of the lift arm oil cylinder is put forward. The most simple and effective method to change the rigidity characteristic of the vibration absorber system is to change the initial inflatable pressure of the accumulator. According to "expression method of GB7031-86 vehicle Vibration input pavement flatness", various expressions of road surface excitation are established, and virtual prototype theory and technology are adopted. Based on the 3D software Pro/E and the professional dynamic simulation software Adams, the vibration entity model of the whole machine is simulated and analyzed by harmonic superposition excitation and random pavement excitation according to the different road surface excitation. Finally, the rationality and accuracy of the simulation results are analyzed, which shows that the coupled vibration absorption system has a certain guiding significance for engineering practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH243

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