本文選題：預(yù)防維修 + 故障率�。� 參考：《華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的高速發(fā)展,生產(chǎn)設(shè)備趨于功用智能化、系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜化,在提高其可靠性的同時,其購買和維修的費(fèi)用也隨之上升。在這個經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的時代,工廠或企業(yè)不可能只注重高可靠性而忽略經(jīng)費(fèi)的高投入問題,因此,科學(xué)的探討適于生產(chǎn)設(shè)備的維修計(jì)劃或策略是很有必要的。本文主要從以下三個方面展開研究：不同維修類型的故障率變化規(guī)律及其仿真抽樣方法分析、一種基于費(fèi)用率最小原則的復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)周期性預(yù)防維修策略的優(yōu)化研究和基于維修作業(yè)計(jì)劃的預(yù)防維修策略研究。 首先,本文對最小修、不完全維修及完全維修三種情形的故障強(qiáng)度變化進(jìn)行了分析,探討了不同情形的故障強(qiáng)度變化規(guī)律,并分別對達(dá)到預(yù)防維修周期前采取最小修及完全維修這兩種情形基于最大利用度和經(jīng)濟(jì)損失最小原則得到了最優(yōu)預(yù)防維修策略模型,然后對兩種原則下的模型形式進(jìn)行了比較,分析了模型的適用范圍,同時對系統(tǒng)不同故障強(qiáng)度變化下是否需要進(jìn)行預(yù)防維修做了闡述。進(jìn)而基于連續(xù)函數(shù)的隨機(jī)抽樣方法,重點(diǎn)針對最小修及不完全維修的情形得到了故障時間抽樣的遞推公式。 其次,針對目前僅從宏觀考慮系統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)利用率的缺陷,提出一種微觀考慮的思想,將每個部件每次小修的時刻點(diǎn)加以利用,分析部件在整個預(yù)防維修間隔中單位時間的利用率,以整個預(yù)防維修周期內(nèi)所有組成部件總的單位時間平均費(fèi)用率最小為準(zhǔn)則,得到了一個求解最優(yōu)維修周期的方程。并以部件故障率服從威布爾分布的復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)為例進(jìn)行了仿真計(jì)算,得到了其最優(yōu)維修周期。 最后,基于現(xiàn)代維修控制理論的需要,本文針對企業(yè)維修作業(yè)計(jì)劃的預(yù)防維修周期定額及預(yù)防維修工作定額展開研究,利用假設(shè)來對實(shí)際情形進(jìn)行模擬：以不同的可靠度閾值反映系統(tǒng)組成部件的重要度,以變化的役齡回退因子和故障率遞增因子刻畫各部件在實(shí)際運(yùn)行過程中故障率的變化規(guī)律,以修理設(shè)備可能出現(xiàn)故障來體現(xiàn)實(shí)際修理工作中的修理差錯。在這種假設(shè)情形下,我們成功的通過可靠度閾值確定了各部件最優(yōu)預(yù)防維修的周期,并通過部件全生命周期損失最小的原則得到了每一個部件的最優(yōu)預(yù)防維修次數(shù),即獲得了部件的最優(yōu)更換策略。進(jìn)而我們引入了一個預(yù)防維修控制因子,建立了系統(tǒng)的動態(tài)預(yù)防維修策略模型,通過這個模型我們可以得到有限時間內(nèi)的最優(yōu)維修計(jì)劃表。最終本文以工程部件常見的壽命分布——威布爾分布為例,對5部件串聯(lián)的系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了算例仿真分析,成功得到了系統(tǒng)的年度最優(yōu)預(yù)防維修作業(yè)計(jì)劃,這具有一定的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of science and technology, the production equipment tends to function intelligentize and the system structure is complicated. While improving its reliability, the cost of purchase and maintenance also increases. In this era of economic globalization, factories or enterprises can not only pay attention to high reliability and ignore the problem of high expenditure. Therefore, it is necessary to scientifically discuss the maintenance plan or strategy suitable for production equipment. In this paper, the following three aspects of research are carried out: the variation of failure rate of different maintenance types and the analysis of simulation sampling methods. A study on the optimization of periodic preventive maintenance strategy for complex systems based on the principle of minimum cost rate and preventive maintenance strategy based on maintenance job plan. First of all, this paper analyzes the variation of fault strength in the three cases of minimum repair, incomplete repair and complete maintenance, and discusses the variation law of fault strength in different cases. The optimal preventive maintenance strategy model is obtained based on the principle of maximum utilization and minimum economic loss, and the model forms under the two kinds of principles are compared, which are the minimum repair and the complete maintenance before the preventive maintenance cycle is reached, and then the optimal preventive maintenance strategy model is obtained based on the principle of maximum utilization and minimum economic loss, and the model forms under the two principles are compared. The scope of application of the model is analyzed, and whether preventive maintenance is needed under different system failure intensity is expounded. Furthermore, based on the random sampling method of continuous function, the recurrence formula of fault time sampling is obtained for the cases of minimal repair and incomplete maintenance. Secondly, aiming at the defect of considering the utilization ratio of system economy only from macroscopic view, this paper puts forward the idea of microcosmic consideration, which makes use of the time point of each minor repair of each component, and analyzes the utilization ratio of unit time in the whole preventive maintenance interval. Based on the minimum average cost per unit time of all components in the whole preventive maintenance cycle, an equation for solving the optimal maintenance period is obtained. An example of complex system with component failure rate from Weibull distribution is given, and the optimal maintenance period is obtained. Finally, based on the needs of modern maintenance control theory, this paper studies the preventive maintenance cycle quota and preventive maintenance work quota of enterprise maintenance operation plan. The hypothesis is used to simulate the actual situation: different reliability thresholds are used to reflect the importance of the components of the system, and the varying regression factor of service age and the increasing factor of failure rate are used to describe the variation law of the failure rate of each component in the actual operation process. A repair error in the actual repair work is reflected in the possible failure of the repair equipment. Under this assumption, we successfully determine the optimal preventive maintenance cycle of each component through the reliability threshold, and obtain the optimal preventive maintenance times for each component by the principle of minimum component life cycle loss. The optimal replacement strategy is obtained. Then we introduce a preventive maintenance control factor and establish a dynamic preventive maintenance strategy model. Through this model we can get the optimal maintenance schedule in finite time. Finally, taking the life distribution-Weibull distribution of engineering components as an example, the paper makes a simulation analysis of the system with five components in series, and successfully obtains the annual optimal preventive maintenance operation plan of the system, which has certain practical significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH17

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