本文選題：復(fù)合材料 + 壓力容器��； 參考：《大連理工大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：纖維纏繞壓力容器以其高比強(qiáng)度、高比模量、重量輕以及可設(shè)計(jì)性等優(yōu)點(diǎn)迅速替代純金屬氣瓶在航天系統(tǒng)中取得廣泛應(yīng)用,其失效破壞也成為航天工程界十分關(guān)注的問題。和力學(xué)性能較好的纖維相比,通常在工作壓力下處于塑性狀態(tài)的金屬內(nèi)襯是失效研究的重點(diǎn),而破壞前先泄露又是其常見的失效模式。纖維纏繞壓力容器在服役過程中需要多次充放壓力,使內(nèi)襯經(jīng)歷塑性循環(huán),從而導(dǎo)致無損檢測漏掉的裂紋發(fā)生疲勞擴(kuò)展,最終造成裂紋穿透、氣體泄漏。這就使得纖維纏繞壓力容器金屬內(nèi)襯中裂紋的研究變的非常重要。 利用有限元軟件的子模型技術(shù),本文在ANSYS上建立了包含裂紋的圓柱形氣瓶的有限元模型,在考慮內(nèi)襯塑性的基礎(chǔ)上使用區(qū)域積分法計(jì)算了裂紋前緣的J積分值。內(nèi)襯材料為鋁合金,采用雙線性硬化曲線模擬,考慮Bauschinger效應(yīng)的影響。通過J積分值的比較,首先討論了是否施加自緊工藝及不同大小的自緊壓力對裂紋尖端場強(qiáng)度的影響,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)氣瓶經(jīng)過自緊之后內(nèi)襯中裂紋前緣的J積分值比沒有自緊處理的要大,并且隨著自緊壓力的提高J積分呈增大趨勢。由此可見,自緊工藝增加了內(nèi)襯裂紋開裂的可能性。其次,通過直筒段中間位置與過渡段位置圓裂紋的裂紋尖端場強(qiáng)度的比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)中間位置的裂紋比較危險(xiǎn)。最后,研究了復(fù)合材料層和內(nèi)襯不同厚度、不同纏繞方式對裂紋尖端場強(qiáng)度的約束效應(yīng),結(jié)果顯示纖維層和內(nèi)襯厚度越厚,對內(nèi)襯的約束越大,內(nèi)襯裂紋的J積分值越小,且隨著裂紋尺寸的增大約束效應(yīng)越顯著。纏繞方式對比的結(jié)果表明,交錯纏繞對內(nèi)襯的約束要大一點(diǎn)。 本文的研究成果將對包含裂紋的復(fù)合材料壓力容器的安全度評估具有參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:The filament wound pressure vessel, with its advantages of high specific strength, high specific modulus, light weight, and design, can quickly replace the pure metal cylinder in the space system, and its failure damage has become a concern in the space engineering field. Compared with the fiber with better mechanical properties, it is usually in the plastic state under the working pressure. Metal lining is the focus of failure research, and the leakage before the failure is a common failure mode. In the course of service, the filament wound pressure vessel needs to be filled with pressure many times to make the lining undergo plastic circulation, which leads to the fatigue crack growth of the cracks which are missing from the nondestructive testing, and the final cause of the crack penetration and gas leakage. The study of cracks in metal lining of pressure vessels becomes very important.
Using the submodel technique of the finite element software, the finite element model of a cylindrical cylinder containing cracks is built on ANSYS. The J integral value of the front edge of the crack is calculated by using the region integral method on the basis of the plastic lining of the lining. The lining material is aluminum alloy, and the bilinear hardened curve is used to simulate the effect of the Bauschinger effect. After the comparison of J integral values, it is first discussed whether the effect of self tightening process and the self tightening pressure of different sizes on the field strength of the crack tip is discussed. It is found that the J integral value of the crack front in the inner lining of the cylinder is larger than that without self tightening after the self tightening of the cylinder, and the J integral is increasing with the increase of the self tightening force. The tight process increases the possibility of crack cracking of the inner lining. Secondly, through the comparison of the crack tip field strength between the middle position of the cylinder and the circular crack at the transition section, it is found that the cracks in the middle position are more dangerous. Finally, the binding effect of the different thickness of the composite layer and the inner lining and the different wrapping methods on the field strength of the crack tip is studied. It shows that the thicker the fiber layer and lining, the greater the constraint to the inner lining, the smaller the J integral value of the inner lining cracks, and the more significant the constraint effect is with the increase of the crack size. The result of the intertwining way shows that the interlace winding is more constrained by the inner lining.
The research results in this paper will be of reference value for the safety assessment of composite pressure vessels containing cracks.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH49

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