本文選題：車間布局 + 單元制造　； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：在全球化經(jīng)濟(jì)的時(shí)代背景下，制造業(yè)正面臨著多方面的挑戰(zhàn)，如何能夠?qū)ζ髽I(yè)實(shí)施有效的管理，同時(shí)能夠最大限度地提高客戶滿意度已經(jīng)逐漸成為了企業(yè)發(fā)展的出發(fā)點(diǎn)與目標(biāo)。制造系統(tǒng)的設(shè)施規(guī)劃作為一個(gè)戰(zhàn)略問題越來越多的受到制造企業(yè)的關(guān)注，雖然其費(fèi)用有時(shí)只占總投資的2%~10%,但是它對(duì)整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行所起的作用卻是不可估量的，一個(gè)良好的設(shè)施規(guī)劃的設(shè)計(jì)不僅能夠提高物料搬運(yùn)的效率、減少物料搬運(yùn)中的浪費(fèi)，而且能夠在提高人員的工作效率，繼而提高整個(gè)生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)效率。 車間布局作為制造系統(tǒng)設(shè)施布局問題的一部分對(duì)整個(gè)制造系統(tǒng)都至關(guān)重要，本文的研究對(duì)象X公司是一家礦山機(jī)械制造企業(yè)，現(xiàn)正在籌建新廠，對(duì)工廠的總體布局工作已經(jīng)結(jié)束，本文的工作是對(duì)機(jī)加車間進(jìn)行布局設(shè)計(jì)。X公司老廠有大小兩個(gè)機(jī)加車間，新廠需將兩個(gè)車間的所有設(shè)備整合到一起并重新布局，在對(duì)老廠的實(shí)地調(diào)研過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)其車間的設(shè)備采用的是傳統(tǒng)的機(jī)群式布置方式，所以物流路徑混亂且不利于現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的生產(chǎn)管理，在制造業(yè)已經(jīng)從“賣方”市場(chǎng)轉(zhuǎn)向“買方”市場(chǎng)的今天，如何最大限度地滿足客戶需求已經(jīng)成為了企業(yè)的最終目標(biāo)，單元制這種生產(chǎn)方式因其能夠很好地適應(yīng)需求變化的市場(chǎng)環(huán)境而廣泛應(yīng)用于多品種小批量生產(chǎn)制造企業(yè)之中，并成為他們提高生產(chǎn)柔性的有效手段。 X公司的礦山機(jī)械產(chǎn)品種類豐富，采取訂單生產(chǎn)的拉動(dòng)式生產(chǎn)模式，滿足多品種小批量的加工方式，所以本文對(duì)其機(jī)加車間進(jìn)行單元布局設(shè)計(jì)，并將單元布局設(shè)計(jì)分為兩步：?jiǎn)卧獦?gòu)建和單元系統(tǒng)布局。針對(duì)單元構(gòu)建工作，不同于傳統(tǒng)的基于零件-機(jī)器矩陣的構(gòu)建方式，本文提出了在單元構(gòu)建工作中同時(shí)考慮設(shè)備的分組以及設(shè)備在單元內(nèi)部布局的集成單元構(gòu)建模型，為不失一般性，，采用線型的單元內(nèi)部的設(shè)備布局方式，即在設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)會(huì)獲得單元內(nèi)物流搬運(yùn)距離�？紤]到單元構(gòu)建模型的NP-難的特性，傳統(tǒng)的方法難以求解，本文選定遺傳算法對(duì)該模型進(jìn)行求解，為避免產(chǎn)生非法解，對(duì)于染色體編碼進(jìn)行了修正，最后單元的分組與單元內(nèi)部設(shè)備布局同時(shí)輸出。 第二步完成單元系統(tǒng)布局設(shè)計(jì)，即確定各個(gè)單元在車間中的布局位置，本文將多行設(shè)備布局的模型應(yīng)用于單元系統(tǒng)布局設(shè)計(jì)之中，首先根據(jù)上一章中的關(guān)于單元構(gòu)建的結(jié)果，計(jì)算出每個(gè)單元的面積以及單元之間的物流量，然后以車間尺寸的限制，單元不能重合作為約束條件，利用遺傳算法對(duì)模型進(jìn)行求解，并利用自動(dòng)換行技術(shù)對(duì)其布局問題進(jìn)行二維優(yōu)化。
[Abstract]:Under the background of global economy, manufacturing industry is facing many challenges. How to effectively manage enterprises and improve customer satisfaction has gradually become the starting point and goal of enterprise development. As a strategic problem, the facility planning of manufacturing system has been paid more and more attention by manufacturing enterprises. Although its cost sometimes accounts for only 210% of the total investment, its effect on the operation of the whole system is incalculable. The design of a good facility planning can not only improve the efficiency of material handling and reduce the waste of material handling, but also improve the working efficiency of personnel, and then improve the efficiency of the whole production system. As a part of the layout of manufacturing system facilities, workshop layout is very important to the whole manufacturing system. The research object of this paper is X Company, a mining machinery manufacturing enterprise, which is now planning to build a new factory. The overall layout of the factory has been completed. The work of this paper is to design the layout of the machine processing workshop. The old factory of X Company has two machine and addition workshops, and the new plant needs to integrate all the equipment of the two workshops together and rearrange the layout. In the field investigation of the old factory, it is found that the equipment in the workshop adopts the traditional cluster layout mode, so the logistics path is chaotic and is not conducive to the production management on the spot. In the manufacturing industry has changed from "seller" market to "buyer" market today, how to meet the needs of customers to the maximum extent has become the ultimate goal of enterprises, The production mode of unit system is widely used in many kinds of small batch manufacturing enterprises because it can adapt to the changing market environment and become an effective means to improve the flexibility of production. The mining machinery products of X Company are rich in variety and adopt the pull production mode of order production to satisfy the processing mode of many varieties and small batches, so this paper designs the unit layout of the machine processing workshop. The unit layout design is divided into two steps: unit construction and unit system layout. In order to solve the problem of unit building, different from the traditional part-machine matrix, this paper proposes an integrated unit building model which takes into account the grouping of devices and the layout of devices within the unit. In order to avoid generality, the equipment layout of the unit is linear, that is to say, the material handling distance within the unit will be obtained when the unit is designed. Considering the characteristic of NP-difficulty in the unit building model, the traditional method is difficult to solve. In this paper, genetic algorithm is selected to solve the model. In order to avoid the illegal solution, the chromosome coding is modified. Finally, the group of the unit is outputted simultaneously with the device layout inside the unit. The second step is to complete the layout design of the unit system, that is, to determine the layout position of each unit in the workshop. In this paper, the model of the multi-row device layout is applied to the layout design of the unit system. Firstly, according to the results of the unit construction in the previous chapter, The area of each unit and the material flow between the units are calculated. Then the model is solved by genetic algorithm, which is limited by the size of the workshop, and the element can not be overlapped as the constraint condition. The two-dimensional layout problem is optimized by automatic line-changing technique.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TH181

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 王亞洲;交通安全檢測(cè)車間功能區(qū)布局方案優(yōu)化研究[D];吉林大學(xué);2013年

本文編號(hào)：1790849