本文選題：空氣箔片軸承 + 靜態(tài)特性�。� 參考：《湖南大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：空氣箔片軸承是由一層或多層波紋狀波箔和頂箔組成的具有良好柔性表面的氣浮軸承�？諝獠S承具有質(zhì)量小、可靠性高、極大的設(shè)計(jì)自由度、良好的高溫特性、低維護(hù)或免維護(hù)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，目前已被成功應(yīng)用在飛機(jī)空氣循環(huán)系統(tǒng)、小型航空發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)、微型燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)、燃料電池用無(wú)油空壓機(jī)以及車(chē)載渦輪增壓器等領(lǐng)域，具有極為廣泛的發(fā)展前景和應(yīng)用價(jià)值。 目前，空氣箔片軸承的設(shè)計(jì)、加工制造以及商業(yè)應(yīng)用在很大程度上仍然依賴(lài)于設(shè)計(jì)者的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，在國(guó)內(nèi)更是缺乏針對(duì)空氣箔片軸承加工制造以及基礎(chǔ)性能測(cè)試的相關(guān)研究。本文將結(jié)合空氣箔片軸承的實(shí)際加工制造過(guò)程對(duì)軸承的設(shè)計(jì)和加工制造流程進(jìn)行詳細(xì)地論述，并在此基礎(chǔ)上搭建軸承靜態(tài)特性和動(dòng)態(tài)特性試驗(yàn)臺(tái)，對(duì)空氣箔片軸承的靜態(tài)特性和動(dòng)態(tài)特性進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。本文的研究重點(diǎn)主要有以下幾個(gè)方面： （1）設(shè)計(jì)和制造第一代和第二代波箔型空氣箔片動(dòng)壓徑向軸承。詳細(xì)論述了波箔型空氣箔片動(dòng)壓軸承的設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程和加工制造過(guò)程，重點(diǎn)介紹了波箔彈性結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)、波箔沖壓模具的設(shè)計(jì)加工、箔片材料的熱處理工藝等軸承制造過(guò)程中的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。 （2）設(shè)計(jì)并搭建空氣箔片動(dòng)壓徑向軸承靜態(tài)特性和動(dòng)態(tài)特性實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)，對(duì)實(shí)際搭建過(guò)程中的不足之處進(jìn)行了改進(jìn)和完善，利用NI數(shù)據(jù)采集卡和labview軟件編寫(xiě)了實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)和動(dòng)態(tài)特性實(shí)驗(yàn)中的激振器控制系統(tǒng)。 （3）利用搭建的靜態(tài)特性和動(dòng)態(tài)特性實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)對(duì)軸承的靜態(tài)剛度和結(jié)構(gòu)剛度以及粘性阻尼進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。結(jié)果表明，軸承的靜態(tài)剛度呈現(xiàn)出很強(qiáng)的非線(xiàn)性分布，隨負(fù)載力的增加軸承靜態(tài)剛度增加；軸承的結(jié)構(gòu)剛度隨振動(dòng)頻率的增加逐漸增大，而當(dāng)軸承振動(dòng)振幅增大時(shí)軸承的結(jié)構(gòu)剛度反而降低；軸承的粘性阻尼表現(xiàn)出隨振動(dòng)頻率和振動(dòng)振幅增大而逐漸減小的趨勢(shì)。 （4）利用改變軸頸尺寸的方法對(duì)同一軸承的不同徑向間隙對(duì)空氣箔片軸承靜態(tài)特性和動(dòng)態(tài)特性的影響規(guī)律進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，軸承徑向間隙對(duì)軸承的負(fù)載能力影響較大，隨徑向間隙的減小軸承的靜態(tài)剛度和結(jié)構(gòu)剛度呈逐漸增大趨勢(shì)；軸承的粘性阻尼隨徑向間隙減小先增大后減小，這說(shuō)明過(guò)小的徑向間隙在獲得較大軸承剛度的同時(shí)也會(huì)犧牲軸承的阻尼特性。 （5）分別針對(duì)不同波箔彈性結(jié)構(gòu)、不同箔片材料、不同波箔熱處理方式以及不同載荷方向等影響軸承彈性結(jié)構(gòu)性能的因素進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)研究，對(duì)比分析了不同因素下軸承的靜態(tài)剛度和結(jié)構(gòu)剛度以及粘性阻尼的變化規(guī)律，，實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，波箔結(jié)構(gòu)沿周向和軸向分段能夠改善軸承的靜載剛度而軸承的結(jié)構(gòu)剛度和阻尼特性改善并不明顯；軸承的靜態(tài)特性和動(dòng)態(tài)特性受波箔材料影響較大，波箔材料的熱處理方式對(duì)軸承的剛度和阻尼特性影響不大；軸承的剛度受焊點(diǎn)影響較大，靠近焊點(diǎn)處的波箔擠壓變形受到限制剛度增大。
[Abstract]:The air foil bearing is composed of one or more layers of corrugated foils and the top foil air bearing surface has good flexibility. The air foil bearing has small quality, high reliability, great design freedom, excellent high temperature property, has the advantages of low maintenance or maintenance free, and has been successfully applied in aircraft air circulation system, small aviation engine, micro gas turbine, no oil air compressor and vehicle turbocharger for fuel cell, has a very wide development prospect and application value.
At present, the design of air foil bearings, manufacturing and commercial application is still largely dependent on the experience of the designer, in China is the lack of research for testing air foil bearing manufacturing and basic performance. This paper will combine the actual manufacturing process of air foil bearings on the bearing design and manufacturing process in detail it is based on the experiment of static characteristics and dynamic characteristics of bearings, experimental research on static and dynamic characteristics of air foil bearings. The focus of this paper mainly has following several aspects:
(1) the design and manufacture of the first and second generation of bump type foil air dynamic pressure radial bearing is discussed in detail. The wave type air foil foil design process and manufacturing process of bearing, the paper mainly introduces the design wave foil elastic structure design, processing foil stamping die, the key piece of foil material heat treatment process of bearing manufacturing process.
(2) to design and build air foil bearing static and dynamic characteristics of the actual experiment platform, build deficiencies in the process of improving and perfecting the preparation of exciter control system experiment data acquisition system and the dynamic characteristics of the experiment using the NI data acquisition card and LabVIEW software.
(3) using the static and dynamic characteristics of the static stiffness and structure of bearing stiffness and viscous damping is studied. The results show that the static stiffness of the bearing is nonlinear distribution is very strong, with the increase of bearing load capacity and static stiffness increase; bearing stiffness increased with the vibration frequency increases, and when the structure of bearing vibration amplitude increases when the bearing stiffness decreases; viscous damping bearing performance decreases with the increase of vibration frequency and amplitude of the trend.
(4) influence by changing the size of the shaft radial clearance on the same bearing on the static characteristics and dynamic characteristics of air foil bearings were experimentally studied. The experimental results show that the load capacity of bearing radial clearance of bearing large, static decrease with the radial clearance of the bearing stiffness and rigidity of the structure increased gradually; viscous damping bearing with reduced radial clearance increases first and then decreases, indicating that a small radial clearance on the damping characteristics to obtain larger stiffness of the bearings will sacrifice bearings.
(5) according to the different structure of different elastic wave foil, foil material, experimental study of different wave foil heat treatment methods and different load direction and other factors bearing elastic structure performance, static comparative analysis of different factors of bearing stiffness and structural stiffness and viscous damping variation, the experimental results show that the wave the foil structure along the circumferential and axial section can improve the bearing stiffness and static load bearing structure stiffness and damping characteristics of the improvement is not obvious; the static characteristics and dynamic characteristics of the bearing by wave foil material influence heat treatment material has little effect on wave foil stiffness and damping characteristics of bearings; bearing the solder joint stiffness influence, limited stiffness increases wave foil near the solder joint extrusion deformation.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TH133.3

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