本文選題：滾珠絲杠副　切入點：摩擦力矩　出處：《山東建筑大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：滾珠絲杠副是數(shù)控機床的關鍵功能部件,隨著數(shù)控機床向高速、高精度方向的不斷發(fā)展,滾珠絲杠副的線速度也越來越高,使得滾珠絲杠副的磨損加劇、溫升和噪聲增大。論文在對滾珠絲杠的接觸和運動特性進行分析的基礎上,采取理論和實驗相結合的方法研究了滾珠絲杠副摩擦力矩產(chǎn)生的機理以及振動特性,對解決由于高速所引起的溫升和噪聲問題有著重要的理論意義和實際價值。 首先應用接觸力學理論分析了滾珠在螺旋滾道中的運動特性,對滾珠與螺母和絲杠滾道的兩個接觸點處的運動進行了分解,得出了滾珠沿滾珠中心運動方向的滾動力偶和各方向上運動分量的方程,分析出了滾珠滑移這種絲杠特有的運動形式。在此基礎上闡述了滾珠絲杠副摩擦力矩產(chǎn)生的機理和主要影響因素,并根據(jù)摩擦力矩的產(chǎn)生機理建立了滾珠絲杠副摩擦力矩的數(shù)學模型,確定了滾珠絲杠副發(fā)熱量的計算公式。應用振動與噪聲理論對滾珠絲杠副傳動系統(tǒng)進行了模型簡化,并對簡化后的模型進行了固有振動的求解。 通過實驗研究了不同返向結構和潤滑方式下滾珠絲杠副摩擦力矩的變化規(guī)律；通過頻譜分析的方法,研究了摩擦力矩低頻波動的原因。研究表明,滾珠周期性的出入返向器和絲杠的制造誤差所引起的滾珠周期性的擁堵和散開是導致摩擦力矩周期性波動的主要原因。在不同轉速下測量了使用新型返向器的KD3216滾珠絲杠副隨時間的溫度變化,在60m/min的速度下可以保持溫升在20℃以內,說明新型返向器的流暢性較好,可以明顯降低滾珠間的摩擦。對單導軌滾珠絲杠副性能實驗臺進行了模態(tài)實驗和仿真,并對固有振動特性進行了比較,得到各階主要固有頻率,通過噪聲實驗得到了噪音主要能量所在的頻段隨主軸轉速的變化關系。
[Abstract]:Ball screw pair is a key functional component of CNC machine tools. With the continuous development of CNC machine tools in the direction of high speed and high precision, the linear speed of ball screw pairs is also getting higher and higher, which makes the wear of ball screw pairs worse. Temperature rise and noise increase. Based on the analysis of the contact and motion characteristics of the ball screw, the mechanism and vibration characteristics of the friction moment of the ball screw pair are studied by combining theory and experiment. It has important theoretical significance and practical value to solve the problem of temperature rise and noise caused by high speed. The motion characteristics of the ball in the spiral raceway are analyzed by using the contact mechanics theory, and the motion of the ball at the two contact points between the ball and the nut and the screw raceway is decomposed. The rolling force couple along the center of the ball and the equation of the motion component in each direction are obtained. Based on the analysis of ball slippage, a special movement form of lead screw, the mechanism of friction moment of ball screw pair and its main influencing factors are expounded. According to the mechanism of friction moment, the mathematical model of friction moment of ball screw pair is established, and the calculation formula of ball screw pair heat is determined. The model of ball screw pair transmission system is simplified by using vibration and noise theory. The natural vibration of the simplified model is solved. The variation law of friction torque of ball screw pair under different backdirection structure and lubrication mode is studied experimentally, and the cause of low frequency fluctuation of friction moment is studied by means of spectrum analysis. The main reason for the periodic fluctuation of friction torque is the periodic congestion and divergence of ball caused by the errors in the manufacture of ball return device and lead screw. The KD3216 using the new type of backwarder is measured at different rotational speeds. The temperature of the ball screw pair varies with time, Under the speed of 60m/min, the temperature rise can be kept within 20 鈩，

本文編號：1682792