發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-25 08:18

  本文選題：汽車起重機(jī)　切入點(diǎn)：變幅機(jī)構(gòu)　出處：《沈陽建筑大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：變幅機(jī)構(gòu)是汽車起重機(jī)的重要組成部分之一，變幅機(jī)構(gòu)吊臂的根部鉸點(diǎn)和變幅油缸上、下鉸點(diǎn)所組成的三鉸點(diǎn)的布置方法、具體位置以及變幅油缸的設(shè)計(jì)對其運(yùn)動、動力性能影響甚大。汽車起重機(jī)變幅機(jī)構(gòu)的傳統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方法是類比法、經(jīng)驗(yàn)計(jì)算并輔以手工作圖法，設(shè)計(jì)周期較長，且需多次反復(fù)，通用性較差，難以滿足現(xiàn)代汽車起重機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)要求，嚴(yán)重制約了產(chǎn)品的更新?lián)Q代，也不能滿足市場快速反應(yīng)的要求。為此，本文以汽車起重機(jī)變幅機(jī)構(gòu)和整車為研究對象，應(yīng)用新的設(shè)計(jì)理論與方法對變幅機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行動力學(xué)仿真和整車穩(wěn)定性分析，，試圖找到一種能夠滿足現(xiàn)代汽車起重機(jī)重要部件設(shè)計(jì)要求的設(shè)計(jì)方法，從而簡化設(shè)計(jì)過程，提高設(shè)計(jì)效率。 為了解決起重機(jī)變幅機(jī)構(gòu)存在吊臂非勻速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)引起振動沖擊和鉸點(diǎn)布置不合理導(dǎo)致變幅油缸受力較大的問題，依據(jù)ADAMS環(huán)境建立了汽車起重機(jī)變幅機(jī)構(gòu)的虛擬樣機(jī)參數(shù)化模型，對其進(jìn)行了動力學(xué)仿真分析，驗(yàn)證了模型的可靠性和正確性；應(yīng)用此模型進(jìn)行動力學(xué)仿真，提出了實(shí)現(xiàn)主臂勻速變幅驅(qū)動的最佳驅(qū)動函數(shù)的表達(dá)式的構(gòu)造方法；提出變幅機(jī)構(gòu)三鉸點(diǎn)數(shù)學(xué)模型，并在動力學(xué)環(huán)境下進(jìn)行了位置優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)，獲得變幅機(jī)構(gòu)三鉸點(diǎn)最優(yōu)的布置位置；通過ANSYS進(jìn)行了主要承載部件轉(zhuǎn)臺的有限元分析，獲得優(yōu)化后三鉸點(diǎn)位置可降低轉(zhuǎn)臺所受最大應(yīng)力的有益結(jié)論，說明前述三鉸點(diǎn)最優(yōu)位置是可行和可信的；完成整車的穩(wěn)定性動力學(xué)仿真，提出汽車起重機(jī)的使用環(huán)境條件的合理化建議。經(jīng)QY20汽車起重機(jī)進(jìn)行了實(shí)例驗(yàn)證，說明全文的方法是可行和可靠的。在變幅機(jī)構(gòu)最佳驅(qū)動函數(shù)的獲取和三鉸點(diǎn)位置優(yōu)化方面有一定的創(chuàng)新。本文的方法可方便應(yīng)用于同類產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)研究中，是提升該類產(chǎn)品核心競爭力的有效手段。
[Abstract]:The luffing mechanism is one of the important parts of the automobile crane. The arrangement method of the three-hinge point, the specific position and the design of the luffing cylinder, which is composed of the hinge point at the root of the jib and the lower hinge point on the oil cylinder of the luffing mechanism, moves it. The traditional design method of automobile crane luffing mechanism is analogy method, experience calculation and manual drawing method, the design period is longer, and it needs many times to repeat, so the generality is poor. It is difficult to meet the design requirements of modern truck cranes, which seriously restricts the upgrading of products and can not meet the requirements of rapid market response. Therefore, this paper takes the automotive crane luffing mechanism and the whole vehicle as the research object. In order to simplify the design process, a new design theory and method is applied to analyze the dynamic simulation and vehicle stability of the luffing mechanism in order to find a design method that can meet the design requirements of the important parts of the modern truck crane. Improve design efficiency. In order to solve the problem of vibration shock caused by the non-uniform speed operation of boom and unreasonable arrangement of hinge point, the parameterized model of virtual prototype of luffing mechanism of truck crane was established based on ADAMS environment in order to solve the problem of vibration shock caused by non-uniform operation of crane luffing mechanism and unreasonable arrangement of hinge point. The reliability and correctness of the model are verified by the dynamic simulation analysis, and the method of constructing the optimal driving function of the main arm constant speed variable amplitude drive is put forward by using the model to carry out the dynamic simulation. The mathematical model of three hinge points of the luffing mechanism is put forward, and the optimum position of the three hinge points of the mechanism is obtained through the optimal design of the position under the dynamic environment, and the finite element analysis of the turntable of the main bearing parts is carried out by ANSYS. The conclusion that the optimal position of the three-hinge point can reduce the maximum stress of the turntable after optimization is obtained, which shows that the optimal position of the three-hinge point is feasible and reliable, and the simulation of the stability and dynamics of the whole vehicle is completed. This paper puts forward some reasonable suggestions on the use of environmental conditions of truck cranes, which are verified by QY20 truck cranes. It is shown that the method in this paper is feasible and reliable. There are some innovations in obtaining the optimal driving function of the luffing mechanism and optimizing the position of the three hinges. The method in this paper can be applied to the design and research of similar products. It is an effective means to enhance the core competitiveness of this kind of products.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH213.6

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