本文選題：全地面起重機　切入點：超起裝置　出處：《大連理工大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著工程建設的快速發(fā)展,全地面起重機得到了廣泛應用。為了提高起重機的起重性能,伸縮臂長度越來越長并且質(zhì)量越來越大,但其剛度和穩(wěn)定性問題卻日顯突出。全地面起重機超起裝置從改善伸縮臂受力狀態(tài)來大幅提高起重機的起重性能并可以大大減小伸縮臂的撓度、增強伸縮臂的穩(wěn)定性。目前,國內(nèi)設計人員對伸縮臂整體穩(wěn)定性校核主要參考起重機設計規(guī)范,但增加超起裝置后,伸縮臂系統(tǒng)的受力發(fā)生改變,尚沒有可參照的具有超起裝置的伸縮臂失穩(wěn)臨界力的計算方法。 針對上述問題,本文深入分析具有超起裝置的伸縮臂系統(tǒng)的結構特點,從撓度微分方程出發(fā),實現(xiàn)伸縮臂穩(wěn)定性的計算。以500t全地面起重機為例對伸縮臂整體穩(wěn)定性進行研究,找出伸縮臂在安裝超起裝置前后所能承受的失穩(wěn)臨界力和超起裝置各構件參數(shù)對伸縮臂穩(wěn)定性的影響,并用有限元方法加以驗證。主要的工作和研究內(nèi)容如下： (1)研究具有超起裝置的伸縮臂系統(tǒng)力學模型的簡化方法并建立模型。用靜力法對該力學模型進行穩(wěn)定性分析計算,推導由超起拉索決定的長度系數(shù),并由此給出了伸縮臂系統(tǒng)的失穩(wěn)臨界力表達式。 (2)以500t全地面起重機為例,計算不同工況下伸縮臂系統(tǒng)所能承受的失穩(wěn)臨界力；簡化具有超起裝置的伸縮臂系統(tǒng)有限元模型,用有限元分析軟件ANSYS求解伸縮臂系統(tǒng)的失穩(wěn)臨界力,驗證求解結果的正確性。 (3)在伸縮臂同一臂長不同幅度下,分別改變超起裝置各構件參數(shù)(包括超起撐桿長度、超起撐桿與伸縮臂在變幅平面內(nèi)的夾角、超起撐桿安裝位置與臂架根鉸點的距離),繪制伸縮臂的失穩(wěn)臨界力隨各參數(shù)的變化曲線,找出各參數(shù)的最優(yōu)值或變化規(guī)律,并與實際設計中該參數(shù)的取值進行比較分析,為實際設計提供參考。 研究表明本文推導的臨界力表達式有足夠的計算分析精度,可應用于工程設計；且同一工況下伸縮臂在增加超起裝置后其失穩(wěn)臨界力明顯增大。研究結果不但從理論上說明了超起裝置對伸縮臂整體穩(wěn)定性的影響,同時也為設計超起裝置各構件的參數(shù)提供了理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of engineering construction, all-ground crane has been widely used. However, the stiffness and stability problems are becoming more and more serious. The overloading device of all-ground crane can greatly improve the crane's lifting performance by improving the stress state of the telescopic boom, and can greatly reduce the deflection of the telescopic boom and enhance the stability of the telescopic arm. Domestic designers check the overall stability of the telescopic boom by referring to the design code of the crane, but the force of the telescopic boom system changes with the addition of an overloading device. There is no reference method for calculating the critical force of buckling of telescopic arm with overhoisting device. In view of the above problems, this paper analyzes the structural characteristics of telescopic arm system with overloading device, and starts from the deflection differential equation. Calculation of stability of telescopic boom is realized. Taking 500t all-ground crane as an example, the overall stability of telescopic boom is studied. This paper finds out the influence of the critical force of buckling on the stability of the telescopic boom before and after the installation of the over-lifting device and the parameters of each component of the over-hoisting device, and verifies it with the finite element method. The main work and research contents are as follows:. 1) the simplified method of mechanical model of telescopic arm system with overhoisting device is studied and the model is established. The stability of the mechanical model is analyzed and calculated by static method, and the length coefficient determined by overloading cable is deduced. The expression of the instability critical force of the telescopic arm system is given. (2) taking 500t all-ground crane as an example, the buckling critical force of telescopic boom system under different working conditions is calculated, and the finite element model of telescopic boom system with overloading device is simplified. The finite element analysis software ANSYS is used to solve the instability critical force of the telescopic arm system, which verifies the correctness of the solution. (3) under different amplitude of the same arm length of the telescopic arm, the parameters of each component of the overloading device (including the length of the overloaded brace and the angle between the overloaded brace and the telescopic arm in the amplitude plane) are changed respectively, The distance between the mounting position of the brace and the hinge point of the arm is overtaken, the curve of the critical force of instability of the telescopic arm with each parameter is drawn, the optimum value or the law of variation of each parameter is found out, and the value of the parameter is compared with that of the actual design. It provides reference for actual design. The research shows that the expression of critical force derived in this paper has enough calculation accuracy and can be used in engineering design. Under the same working condition, the critical force of instability of the telescopic boom increases obviously after increasing the overhoisting device. The research results not only explain the influence of the overhoisting device on the overall stability of the telescopic arm, but also increase the stability of the telescopic arm in the same working condition. At the same time, it also provides the theoretical basis for the design of the parameters of each component of the overloading device.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH21

【引證文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 遲海波;全地面起重機超起拉索預緊計算方法研究[D];大連理工大學;2013年

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本文編號：1596560