本文選題：軸承滾道　切入點(diǎn)：疲勞損傷　出處：《武漢理工大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：軸承是重大裝備的基礎(chǔ)零部件，，直接影響到裝備的服役性能和壽命。隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的高速發(fā)展，軸承的使用條件和運(yùn)行環(huán)境越來越復(fù)雜，這對(duì)軸承的材料、結(jié)構(gòu)和性能提出了更高的要求。一些重大裝備如飛機(jī)、高速列車、機(jī)床和風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)等需在高速、重載、高溫等苛刻的服役條件下工作，對(duì)軸承的服役性能特別是抗疲勞性能提出了更高的要求。為了提高軸承的抗疲勞性能，迫切需要開展軸承滾道疲勞損傷機(jī)理方面的研究。為此，本文采用理論分析、有限元數(shù)值模擬和實(shí)驗(yàn)研究方法，對(duì)軸承滾道疲勞裂紋萌生和擴(kuò)展機(jī)理以及軸承套圈疲勞壽命預(yù)測進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的研究，主要內(nèi)容和研究成果如下： 通過理論分析和有限元數(shù)值模擬，確定了一種準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測服役條件下軸承套圈疲勞壽命的方法，研究了軸承載荷、套圈壁厚和滾道溝曲率半徑等參數(shù)對(duì)軸承套圈疲勞壽命的影響，為合理的選取軸承的設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)提供了理論依據(jù)。 運(yùn)用線彈性斷裂理論、疲勞裂紋擴(kuò)展判定準(zhǔn)則和最大主應(yīng)力準(zhǔn)則，結(jié)合有限元數(shù)值模擬和實(shí)驗(yàn)分析，研究了材料缺陷對(duì)軸承滾道接觸疲勞失效機(jī)理的影響規(guī)律，分析了疲勞裂紋的主要擴(kuò)展模式、生長速率和生長方向，揭示了材料缺陷對(duì)軸承滾道疲勞損傷的影響機(jī)制，為預(yù)測軸承套圈的疲勞失效行為提供了理論依據(jù)。 運(yùn)用幾何學(xué)、力學(xué)和疲勞損傷理論建立了存在表面裂紋的圓錐滾子軸承模型，研究了周向和母線方向的表面牽引對(duì)滾道表面裂紋生長的影響，揭示了裂紋深度、生長方向和裂紋二次生長角度對(duì)疲勞剝離形成的影響規(guī)律，為預(yù)測軸承滾道的疲勞剝離程度和剝離路徑提供了理論依據(jù)。 運(yùn)用材料學(xué)和力學(xué)理論，結(jié)合軸承疲勞實(shí)驗(yàn)和有限元數(shù)值模擬，分析了軸承滾道疲勞剝離區(qū)域的微觀形貌，研究了滾道軸向和周向截面的裂紋萌生和擴(kuò)展機(jī)理，分析了滾道截面顯微硬度的變化規(guī)律，揭示了夾雜物、碳化物、空位等材料缺陷對(duì)裂紋形核和萌生的作用機(jī)制，比較分析了軸承滾道次表面和心部位置的微觀組織演化規(guī)律，揭示了微觀組織狀態(tài)與軸承套圈疲勞壽命之間的相互作用關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:Bearing is the basic part of heavy equipment, which directly affects the service performance and service life of the equipment. With the rapid development of science and technology, the operating conditions and operating environment of the bearing are becoming more and more complicated. Higher requirements for structure and performance. Some major equipment, such as aircraft, high-speed trains, machine tools and wind turbines, are required to operate under harsh service conditions such as high speed, heavy load, high temperature, etc. In order to improve the fatigue resistance of bearing, it is urgent to study the fatigue damage mechanism of bearing raceway. In order to improve the fatigue performance of bearing, the research on fatigue damage mechanism of bearing raceway is urgently needed. The fatigue crack initiation and propagation mechanism of bearing raceway and the fatigue life prediction of bearing ring are systematically studied by finite element numerical simulation and experimental method. The main contents and results are as follows:. Through theoretical analysis and finite element numerical simulation, a method of accurately predicting the fatigue life of bearing ring under service condition is established, and the bearing load is studied. The influence of ring wall thickness and raceway curvature radius on the fatigue life of bearing ring provides a theoretical basis for the reasonable selection of bearing design parameters. Based on linear elastic fracture theory, fatigue crack growth criterion and maximum principal stress criterion, combined with finite element numerical simulation and experimental analysis, the influence of material defects on the failure mechanism of bearing raceway contact fatigue is studied. The main propagation mode, growth rate and growth direction of fatigue crack are analyzed. The influence mechanism of material defects on fatigue damage of bearing raceway is revealed, which provides a theoretical basis for predicting the fatigue failure behavior of bearing ring. Based on geometry, mechanics and fatigue damage theory, the model of tapered roller bearing with surface crack is established. The influence of surface traction in circumferential and busbar direction on the growth of surface crack in raceway is studied, and the crack depth is revealed. The influence of growth direction and secondary growth angle of crack on the formation of fatigue peeling provides a theoretical basis for predicting the degree and path of fatigue peeling of bearing raceway. Based on the theory of materials and mechanics, combined with bearing fatigue experiment and finite element numerical simulation, the micro-morphology of fatigue peeling region of bearing raceway was analyzed, and the crack initiation and propagation mechanism of raceway axial and circumferential section was studied. The variation of microhardness of raceway cross section is analyzed, and the mechanism of inclusions, carbides and vacancies on crack nucleation and initiation is revealed. The microstructure evolution law of the subsurface and center of the bearing raceway is compared and analyzed. The interaction between the microstructure state and the fatigue life of bearing ring is revealed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TH133.3

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