本文關(guān)鍵詞： 混合動(dòng)力起重機(jī) 節(jié)能 共軸雙樞變矩電機(jī) 超級(jí)電容 非線性動(dòng)態(tài)補(bǔ)償勵(lì)磁控制　出處：《武漢理工大學(xué)》2013年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：起重機(jī)械是具有典型位能性負(fù)載特征的工程機(jī)械,當(dāng)工作負(fù)載下降時(shí)會(huì)釋放大量的勢(shì)能,內(nèi)燃機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)的起重機(jī)怠速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)也存在無功狀態(tài)的能量損耗。實(shí)踐表明,起重機(jī)在工作過程中的能量利用率不足40%,60%以上的能量耗廢在工作過程的無功功率狀態(tài)。如何將大量的耗廢能量進(jìn)行回收再利用是起重機(jī)械領(lǐng)域節(jié)能減排研究的熱點(diǎn)問題。目前工程中推出的起重機(jī)動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)節(jié)能方案主要集中于通過驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)在位能負(fù)載拖動(dòng)下產(chǎn)生再生能量并將該能量回收儲(chǔ)存和再利用。實(shí)踐證明,該類節(jié)能方案的能量轉(zhuǎn)換、儲(chǔ)存和控制系統(tǒng)復(fù)雜,可靠性低、經(jīng)濟(jì)性差,未在技術(shù)上取得根本性突破。本文以港口輪胎起重機(jī)為對(duì)象,提出了基于共軸雙樞變矩電機(jī)的混合動(dòng)力節(jié)能驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)方案,分析了起重機(jī)位能性負(fù)載工作機(jī)構(gòu)的能量流向及轉(zhuǎn)換,研究了混合動(dòng)力節(jié)能動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)架,建立了相應(yīng)的系統(tǒng)控制數(shù)學(xué)模型,運(yùn)用系統(tǒng)仿真、模型實(shí)驗(yàn)和實(shí)物試驗(yàn),驗(yàn)證了混合動(dòng)力節(jié)能系統(tǒng)的節(jié)能效率和運(yùn)行可靠性。論文所做的主要研究工作及創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)如下： 1、建立了輪胎式起重機(jī)起升機(jī)構(gòu)、變幅機(jī)構(gòu)工作過程動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)運(yùn)動(dòng)和力學(xué)模型,分析了負(fù)載上升、下降過程中的能量傳遞、消耗和轉(zhuǎn)換特性,提出了采用直流同軸雙樞變矩電機(jī)的驅(qū)動(dòng)和勢(shì)能轉(zhuǎn)換再生能量回收方案,并研究了回收勢(shì)能和怠速剩余電能的儲(chǔ)存及再利用方法和途徑,完成了混合動(dòng)力節(jié)能系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)建。 2、建立了柴油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)、他勵(lì)直流發(fā)電機(jī)、單串勵(lì)直流電動(dòng)機(jī)、共軸雙樞變矩直流電動(dòng)機(jī)動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)功能模塊的性能模型,研究了共軸雙樞變矩電機(jī)的調(diào)速控制和超級(jí)電容器模組的充放電動(dòng)態(tài)控制特性,運(yùn)用MATLAB/SIMULINK軟件對(duì)系統(tǒng)能量回饋和釋放及控制環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行仿真,驗(yàn)證了混合動(dòng)力節(jié)能方案的可行性。 3、研究了混合動(dòng)力起重機(jī)節(jié)能動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)控制策略。針對(duì)超級(jí)電容的充放電特性,提出了勢(shì)能回收恒功率充電、怠速能回收恒流充電、電能釋放恒壓放電的控制策略；針對(duì)共軸雙樞變矩電機(jī)工作特性,提出耗能工況主電機(jī)為主控,輔電機(jī)跟隨調(diào)壓調(diào)速、饋能工況主電機(jī)空轉(zhuǎn),輔電機(jī)調(diào)磁調(diào)速控制策略；針對(duì)勢(shì)能回收和怠速能回收工況特性,提出非線性動(dòng)態(tài)勵(lì)磁控制與多變量均衡控制策略；對(duì)柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組提出油門優(yōu)化和對(duì)直流發(fā)電機(jī)勵(lì)磁相結(jié)合控制策略。 4、根據(jù)共軸雙樞變矩電機(jī)節(jié)能系統(tǒng)工作原理,進(jìn)行了小功率模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)、單機(jī)構(gòu)實(shí)物試驗(yàn)研究,設(shè)計(jì)和研制了用物產(chǎn)品的工業(yè)樣機(jī)的多機(jī)構(gòu)組合工作混合動(dòng)力輪胎起重機(jī)節(jié)能動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)。通過實(shí)物樣機(jī)試驗(yàn)和測(cè)試,驗(yàn)證了系統(tǒng)的節(jié)能效率和運(yùn)行可靠性。 本文提出的基于共軸雙樞變矩電機(jī)混合動(dòng)力起重機(jī)節(jié)能系統(tǒng)的成果為起重機(jī)械領(lǐng)域能量回收與利用的研究提供了新的思路,隨著該研究成果的運(yùn)用實(shí)施和進(jìn)一步的研究深入,必將有力推動(dòng)起重機(jī)及工程機(jī)械行業(yè)節(jié)能減排的技術(shù)進(jìn)步。
[Abstract]:Hoisting machinery is a typical energy engineering machinery load characteristics, when the work load decreases when you release a large number of potential energy loss are reactive state of the crane idling for internal combustion engine driven. The practice shows that the utilization rate of less than 40% in the work of energy in the process of crane, the reactive power state for more than 60% of the energy waste in the working process. How to put a lot of energy consumption of waste recycling is a hot issue in the field of hoist machinery energy-saving emission reduction research. Energy saving scheme of crane power system in current projects launched mainly focused on the driving motor in the load driving renewable energy production and the energy storage and utilization. Practice has proved that the energy saving scheme of energy conversion, storage and control system is complex, low reliability, poor economy, has made a fundamental breakthrough in technology. In this paper, Hong Kong Port tyre crane as the object, put forward a hybrid energy saving coaxial double pivot torque motor drive system scheme based on analysis of energy flow and energy conversion of the working mechanism of crane load on the frame, hybrid energy saving power system, control system established the corresponding mathematical model, using system simulation model and experiment the real test, to verify the energy efficiency and reliability of the hybrid energy system. The main research work and innovations are as follows:
1, a lifting mechanism of tyre crane, luffing mechanism process dynamic motion and mechanics model, analysis of the load rise, drop in the process of energy transfer and conversion, consumption characteristics, proposed by DC coaxial double pivot torque motor drive and energy conversion of renewable energy recycling program, and to study the recovery the potential energy and idle surplus energy storage and reuse methods and ways, completed the construction of hybrid energy system.
2, a diesel engine, DC generator, single DC motor, the performance model of coaxial double pivot torque DC motor power system function module, charge and discharge control of the dynamic characteristics of the coaxial double pivot torque motor speed control and super capacitor module, using MATLAB/SIMULINK software to the system and energy feedback release and control aspects of the simulation, to verify the feasibility of the hybrid energy saving scheme.
3, study the control strategy of hybrid power system for crane energy saving. The charge and discharge characteristics of super capacitor, the energy recovery constant power charging, idle energy recovery constant current charging power control strategy can release the constant voltage discharge characteristics; variable torque motor for coaxial double pivot, put forward the main motor energy consumption condition control. The auxiliary motor with speed regulator can feed the operating condition of the main motor idling, auxiliary motor speed adjustable magnetic control strategy; for energy recovery and recovery characteristics of idle condition, the nonlinear dynamic excitation control and multivariable equalization control strategy; and to put forward the throttle optimization of DC generator excitation control strategy of combination of diesel generators.
4, according to the working principle of coaxial double pivot variable torque motor energy-saving system of small power simulation experiment, the experimental study on physical single machine, designed and developed industrial prototype product multi combination mechanism of hybrid power crane energy saving power system. Through the test and the real test sample machine, verify the energy-saving efficiency and operation the reliability of the system.
This moment motor hybrid system with variable coaxial double pivot crane energy saving based on results for the hoisting machinery field of energy recovery and utilization of the research provides a new way of thinking, with the research results of the application and further study, will greatly promote the technological progress of cranes and construction machinery industry, energy saving and emission reduction.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TH213

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本文編號(hào)：1549690