本文關(guān)鍵詞： 正拱爆破片 反拱爆破片 爆破壓力 失穩(wěn)壓力 有限元分析　出處：《大連理工大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：金屬爆破片已成為防止流體壓力設(shè)備發(fā)生超壓的最有效的裝置之一,研究其爆破性能及影響因素對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)、制造及使用具有重要指導(dǎo)意義。采用實(shí)驗(yàn)方法研究爆破性能耗時(shí)、耗力、耗資。隨著有限元技術(shù)的發(fā)展,數(shù)值模擬已成為開展此方面研究的重要手段。本文運(yùn)用彈塑性理論,采用薄殼大塑性變形有限元分析方法,分別研究了正拱普通型、正拱帶槽型、平板帶槽型及反拱型爆破片的爆破性能,探討了影響其爆破性能的因素。 本文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容及結(jié)論如下： (1)建立了普通正拱型爆破片爆破數(shù)值模擬模型。將數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果與試驗(yàn)結(jié)果對(duì)比,驗(yàn)證了數(shù)值模擬的正確性�；诖四Ｐ�,系統(tǒng)研究了普通正拱形爆破片預(yù)拱成形壓力與拱高之間的關(guān)系,及根部圓角和成型壓力對(duì)爆破性能影響。結(jié)果表明,夾持圓角為膜片厚度的5倍時(shí)拱頂應(yīng)力最��；預(yù)拱成型壓力為爆破壓力的90%時(shí)拱頂應(yīng)力最小；建立了較精確的奧氏體不銹鋼爆破片預(yù)拱成形壓力與拱高之間關(guān)系式。 (2)建立了正拱十字槽型爆破片數(shù)值模擬模型,對(duì)比發(fā)現(xiàn)模擬結(jié)果與試驗(yàn)結(jié)果吻合較好。研究了十字形減弱槽形狀和長(zhǎng)度對(duì)爆破壓力的影響,結(jié)果表明,頂部十字交叉未貫通長(zhǎng)度在2.5mm-4mm,減弱槽端距拱面底部距離在1mm-5mm時(shí),對(duì)爆破壓力產(chǎn)生的影響可以忽略；與矩形槽、弧形槽相比而言,v形槽有較大的承載能力。 (3)建立了平板環(huán)槽型爆破片數(shù)值模擬模型。研究了膜片厚度、減弱槽深度和數(shù)量對(duì)爆破壓力的影響,結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)槽深余厚相同時(shí),坯片厚度越大,承受能力越��；槽深余厚與爆破壓力成線性關(guān)系；刻槽條數(shù)增加,爆破壓力和變形高度增加。 (4)采用材料非線性和幾何非線性的分析方法,建立了反拱形爆破片失穩(wěn)數(shù)值模型,獲得了反拱形爆破片的失穩(wěn)壓力,數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果與試驗(yàn)結(jié)果吻合較好。分析了拱高、膜片厚度、口徑及邊界約束類型及強(qiáng)度失穩(wěn)載荷的影響規(guī)律,通過(guò)大量的算例并結(jié)合試驗(yàn),總結(jié)出了反拱型爆破片失穩(wěn)載荷計(jì)算公式。 (5)定義了反拱形爆破片受損范圍的概念,系統(tǒng)研究了拱頂損傷與非拱頂損傷對(duì)爆破片失穩(wěn)壓力的影響,確定了損傷尺寸與失穩(wěn)載荷之間關(guān)系。得出了可以忽略損傷影響的最小損傷直徑；在具有相同損傷尺寸下,拱頂損傷失穩(wěn)壓力為非拱頂損傷的0.7倍,拱頂損傷對(duì)爆破片失穩(wěn)壓力影響最大；重點(diǎn)分析了夾持條件對(duì)失穩(wěn)載荷的影響,得出了不同邊界約束對(duì)失穩(wěn)壓力的影響程度。
[Abstract]:Metal blasting disc has become one of the most effective devices to prevent overpressure in fluid pressure equipment. It is very important to study its blasting performance and its influencing factors to design, manufacture and use. With the development of finite element technique, numerical simulation has become an important means of research in this field. In this paper, elastoplastic theory and finite element analysis method for large plastic deformation of thin shell are used to study the normal arch type, respectively. The blasting performance of the positive arch with groove, the flat plate with groove and the reverse arch blasting disc is discussed, and the factors influencing the blasting performance are discussed. The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows:. 1) the numerical simulation model of normal arch blasting disc blasting is established. The correctness of the numerical simulation is verified by comparing the numerical simulation results with the experimental results. The relationship between pre-arch forming pressure and arch height and the effect of root angle and forming pressure on the blasting performance are studied systematically. The results show that the arch stress is the smallest when the clamping angle is 5 times the thickness of the diaphragm. The prearch forming pressure is 90 times of blasting pressure, and the relation between pre-arch pressure and arch height of austenitic stainless steel blasting disc is established. (2) the numerical simulation model of the cross groove blasting disc is established. The results of the simulation are in good agreement with the experimental results. The influence of the shape and length of the cross-shaped weakened groove on the blasting pressure is studied. When the length of the cross at the top is 2.5mm-4mm and the distance from the end of the groove to the bottom of the arch surface is 1mm-5mm, the influence on the blasting pressure can be neglected, and compared with the rectangular groove and the arc groove, the V-shaped groove has a larger bearing capacity. The numerical simulation model of flat plate annular groove blasting disc is established. The effects of diaphragm thickness, depth and quantity of reducing groove on blasting pressure are studied. The results show that the bigger the slab thickness is, the smaller the bearing capacity is when the residual thickness of groove depth is the same. The residual thickness of the groove is linearly related to the blasting pressure, and the number of slots increases, and the blasting pressure and deformation height increase. 4) the numerical model of the instability of the reverse arch blasting disc is established by means of material nonlinearity and geometric nonlinearity, and the unstable pressure of the reverse arch blasting disc is obtained. The numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results, and the arch height is analyzed. The influence of diaphragm thickness, caliber and boundary constraint type and strength instability load is studied. Based on a large number of examples and experiments, the formula for calculating the unstable load of anti-arch blasting disc is summarized. In this paper, the concept of damage range of anti-arch blasting disc is defined, and the influence of damage on the unstable pressure of blasting disc is studied systematically. The relationship between damage size and unstable load is determined, and the minimum damage diameter which can be neglected is obtained. Under the same damage size, the damage instability pressure of vault is 0.7 times that of non-arch damage. The damage of arch roof has the greatest influence on the unstable pressure of the blasting disc, and the influence of clamping conditions on the unstable load is analyzed, and the degree of influence of different boundary constraints on the unstable pressure is obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TH49

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