發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-20 08:18

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 減基法 結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 快速設(shè)計(jì) 有限元法　出處：《湖南大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：數(shù)值模擬技術(shù)是現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)方法的重要組成部分，其提高設(shè)計(jì)質(zhì)量、減少周期的優(yōu)勢(shì)明顯，已經(jīng)成為人們定量研究復(fù)雜工程對(duì)象的必要手段。然而若實(shí)際工程結(jié)構(gòu)的有限元模型規(guī)模較大時(shí)，單次計(jì)算將耗費(fèi)大量時(shí)間。在對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)，此類問題會(huì)更加突出，因此，在保證必要求解精度的前提下，提高計(jì)算速度對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)具有重要意義。為了解決這一問題，國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者提出了多種快速計(jì)算方法，取得了諸多成果，減基法與有限元法相結(jié)合的混合算法屬于其中一種。目前該算法仍停留在理論層面，與解決實(shí)際工程問題仍有一定距離。本文首先對(duì)靜力學(xué)及模態(tài)動(dòng)力學(xué)減基混合算法進(jìn)行研究，并將其應(yīng)用到結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)中。然后以某礦用車車架為例，將靜力學(xué)減基混合算法應(yīng)用到大規(guī)模結(jié)構(gòu)快速計(jì)算問題中，主要工作如下： 1.針對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化計(jì)算效率較低的問題，采用一種快速設(shè)計(jì)方法提高其單次計(jì)算效率，該方法將減基法與靜力學(xué)和模態(tài)動(dòng)力學(xué)結(jié)合，，形成減基混合算法。在保證計(jì)算精度的前提下，計(jì)算結(jié)構(gòu)的多種典型工況。該混合算法通過構(gòu)建特定工況下的解空間將原大規(guī)模計(jì)算問題轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樾∫?guī)模問題，而后在典型工況對(duì)應(yīng)的小規(guī)模問題基礎(chǔ)上，利用優(yōu)化算法對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。以空間梁?jiǎn)卧嚰転檠芯繉?duì)象，計(jì)算結(jié)構(gòu)在典型工況下的響應(yīng)。結(jié)果表明基于減基混合算法的空間梁?jiǎn)卧Y(jié)構(gòu)可以得到合理的優(yōu)化結(jié)果，并且整個(gè)優(yōu)化過程節(jié)約了大量時(shí)間。 2.將該減基混合算法應(yīng)用到混合殼結(jié)構(gòu)有限元模型，提出了基于參數(shù)敏感性分析的減基混合算法，以驗(yàn)證減基混合算法在結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)中的應(yīng)用潛力。將減基混合算法同設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)敏感性分析結(jié)合，實(shí)現(xiàn)設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)部分顯式化，以解決減基混合算法處理后得到的無參矩陣過多所造成的內(nèi)存不足的問題，提高計(jì)算效率�；诿舾行苑治龅臏p基混合算法實(shí)現(xiàn)了在大規(guī)模問題上的應(yīng)用，既保證了計(jì)算精度，同時(shí)又縮短單次計(jì)算耗時(shí)。研究表明，本方法能得到精度較好的計(jì)算結(jié)果，并且縮短了單次計(jì)算消耗的時(shí)間，同時(shí)節(jié)約了內(nèi)存空間，提高了計(jì)算效率。 減基法與有限元法相結(jié)合的減基混合算法適用于結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)中�？梢岳迷撍惴ǹ焖儆�(jì)算多種典型工況以提高優(yōu)化計(jì)算效率。將減基混合算法應(yīng)用到大規(guī)模結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算問題中時(shí)，利用敏感性分析控制結(jié)構(gòu)分離出的無參矩陣的個(gè)數(shù)。此法可以提高內(nèi)存利用率和計(jì)算效率。本文的研究結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了減基混合算法在結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)中的應(yīng)用潛力。
[Abstract]:Numerical simulation technology is an important part of modern product design method. It has the advantages of improving design quality and reducing cycle. It has become a necessary means for people to quantitatively study complex engineering objects. However, if the finite element model of actual engineering structure is large, the single calculation will take a lot of time. When the structure is optimized, this kind of problem will become more prominent. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring the accuracy of the solution, it is of great significance to improve the calculation speed for the structural design. In order to solve this problem, many rapid calculation methods have been proposed by domestic and foreign scholars, and many achievements have been obtained. The hybrid algorithm, which combines subtraction method and finite element method, is one of them. There is still a certain distance from solving the practical engineering problems. In this paper, the hybrid algorithms of static and modal dynamics are studied firstly, and applied to the design of structure. Then, taking the frame of a mine vehicle as an example, The static base reduction hybrid algorithm is applied to the fast computation of large scale structures. The main work is as follows:. 1. Aiming at the low efficiency of structural optimization calculation, a fast design method is adopted to improve the efficiency of single calculation. The method combines base reduction method with statics and modal dynamics. Under the premise of ensuring the accuracy of the calculation, the hybrid algorithm is used to calculate the typical conditions of the structure. The hybrid algorithm transforms the original large-scale computing problem into a small scale problem by constructing the solution space under specific conditions. Then on the basis of the small scale problem corresponding to the typical working conditions, the optimization algorithm is used to optimize the design of the structure. The space beam unit frame is taken as the research object. The results show that the spatial beam element structure based on the modified hybrid algorithm can get reasonable optimization results and the whole optimization process saves a lot of time. 2. The hybrid algorithm is applied to the finite element model of the hybrid shell structure, and a hybrid algorithm based on parameter sensitivity analysis is proposed. In order to verify the potential of the hybrid algorithm in structural design, the hybrid algorithm is combined with the sensitivity analysis of design parameters to realize partial explicit design parameters. In order to solve the problem of lack of memory caused by the excess of nonparametric matrix, the algorithm based on sensitivity analysis is applied to large scale problems, and the accuracy of calculation is guaranteed. At the same time, the time of single calculation is shortened. The results show that this method can get good calculation results, shorten the time consumed by single calculation, save memory space and improve the efficiency of calculation. The hybrid algorithm of base reduction combined with finite element method is suitable for the optimization design of structure. It can be used to calculate several typical working conditions quickly to improve the efficiency of optimization calculation. In the model structure calculation problem, By using sensitivity analysis to control the number of nonparametric matrices separated from the structure, this method can improve the memory utilization and computational efficiency. The research results in this paper verify the potential application of the base reduction hybrid algorithm in structural design.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：O242.1;TH122

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