本文關(guān)鍵詞： 船用甲板起重機(jī) 優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì) ANSYS 優(yōu)化數(shù)學(xué)模型 遺傳算法　出處：《武漢理工大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：船用甲板起重機(jī)是一種專門在水上從事起重作業(yè)的工程船舶起重機(jī),其應(yīng)用非常廣泛。近年來(lái)隨著海上石油開發(fā),需要依靠特大型的起重機(jī)來(lái)完成鉆井平臺(tái)的建設(shè)與安裝。為了適應(yīng)船舶大型化對(duì)裝卸速度的迫切需要,各種起重機(jī)正向高效、大型化的方向發(fā)展。這些都導(dǎo)致起重機(jī)的尺寸不斷增大,載荷和自身重量不斷增加。臂架是船用起重機(jī)把吊重傳遞到回轉(zhuǎn)平臺(tái)的主要構(gòu)件,它承受著起重機(jī)的各種外部載荷,除了自身必須滿足強(qiáng)度、剛度和穩(wěn)定性的要求,還對(duì)整機(jī)的自重、穩(wěn)定性及整機(jī)性能有著重要影響。隨著船用甲板起重機(jī)日趨大型化,其臂架的重量也不斷的增大,耗鋼量劇增。臂架結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的是否合理,將直接影整機(jī)的各項(xiàng)性能。在滿足起重機(jī)臂架結(jié)構(gòu)相關(guān)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范的條件下盡量減輕臂架的重量,具有很大經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值和社會(huì)效益。因此對(duì)船用甲板起重機(jī)臂架結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行合理的力學(xué)分析和優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)是非常必要的。 本文以300t船用甲板起重機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)項(xiàng)目為背景,運(yùn)用大型通用有限元分析軟件ANSYS的參數(shù)化設(shè)計(jì)語(yǔ)言APDL建立臂架結(jié)構(gòu)專用分析程序,實(shí)現(xiàn)臂架結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)化建模、靜力學(xué)分析和模態(tài)分析,輸出應(yīng)力應(yīng)變結(jié)果并提取各階模態(tài)固有頻率,繪制相應(yīng)的振型圖的全過(guò)程。通過(guò)分析發(fā)現(xiàn)原有設(shè)計(jì)的不合理之處并及時(shí)調(diào)整。以結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)理論為基礎(chǔ),建立臂架結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化數(shù)學(xué)模型。確定以臂架結(jié)構(gòu)質(zhì)量最輕為優(yōu)化目標(biāo),建立了目標(biāo)函數(shù)文件,選取了臂架結(jié)構(gòu)12個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)為優(yōu)化變量,同時(shí)考慮臂架需滿足的強(qiáng)度、剛度、穩(wěn)定性和幾何約束條件建立了約束方程。運(yùn)用遺傳算法工具箱實(shí)現(xiàn)臂架結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),得到各變量?jī)?yōu)化值。對(duì)最優(yōu)解圓整處理,得到臂架結(jié)構(gòu)各參數(shù)優(yōu)化后的最終結(jié)果。代入臂架有限元分析專用程序驗(yàn)證優(yōu)化結(jié)果的正確性。 通過(guò)對(duì)船用甲板起重機(jī)臂架結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),可以在滿足相關(guān)規(guī)范條件下使結(jié)構(gòu)的重量更輕,提高結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的科學(xué)性,為同類產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)提供了提論依據(jù),具有一定的參考價(jià)值�？梢灶A(yù)見結(jié)合遺傳算法的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)將越來(lái)越得到重視,在各行業(yè)的應(yīng)用也會(huì)越來(lái)越多。
[Abstract]:Marine deck crane is a kind of engineering ship crane which is specially engaged in lifting work on water, and its application is very extensive. In recent years, with the development of offshore oil, In order to meet the urgent need of large ship loading and unloading speed, all kinds of cranes are highly efficient, in order to meet the urgent need of loading and unloading speed of ships, all kinds of cranes are required to complete the construction and installation of drilling platforms. These lead to the increasing size, load and weight of the crane. The boom is the main component of the crane to transfer the crane load to the rotary platform, and it bears all kinds of external loads of the crane. In addition to meeting the requirements of strength, stiffness and stability, it also has an important impact on the weight, stability and performance of the whole machine. Steel consumption has increased dramatically. Whether the design of the boom structure is reasonable or not will directly reflect the performance of the whole machine. The weight of the boom will be minimized under the condition that the relevant design specifications for the crane jib structure are met. It is of great economic value and social benefit, so it is necessary to carry out reasonable mechanical analysis and optimization design for the boom structure of marine deck crane. Based on the design project of 300t ship deck crane, this paper establishes a special analysis program for boom structure by using the parametric design language APDL of large-scale general finite element analysis software ANSYS, and realizes the parametric modeling of boom structure. Static analysis and modal analysis output stress-strain results and extract the natural frequencies of various modes. The whole process of drawing the corresponding mode diagram. By analyzing and finding out the unreasonableness of the original design and adjusting it in time, based on the theory of structural optimization design, The optimization mathematical model of the boom structure is established. The minimum mass of the boom structure is determined as the optimization objective, and the objective function file is established. Twelve design parameters of the boom structure are selected as the optimization variables, and the strength and stiffness of the boom structure are considered at the same time. The stability and geometric constraints are established, the optimal design of boom structure is realized by genetic algorithm toolbox, and the optimal values of each variable are obtained. The final results of the optimization of the parameters of the boom structure are obtained, and the correctness of the optimized results is verified by the special program for the finite element analysis of the boom. By optimizing the structure of ship deck crane jib, the weight of the structure can be lighter and the scientific design of the structure can be improved under the condition of meeting the relevant specifications, which provides the basis for the design of similar products. It can be predicted that more and more attention will be paid to the optimization design combined with genetic algorithm, and more and more applications will be made in various industries.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：TH21

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前4條

1 程鵬;汽車起重機(jī)伸縮臂有限元分析及優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)研究[D];太原科技大學(xué);2012年

2 范曉衛(wèi);液壓克令吊結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)及關(guān)鍵部件靜動(dòng)態(tài)分析[D];江蘇科技大學(xué);2012年

3 馮振華;基于遺傳算法的提升機(jī)主軸裝置可靠性優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)[D];太原科技大學(xué);2013年

4 劉成鑫;港口門座起重機(jī)四連桿組合臂架結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)研究[D];武漢理工大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號(hào)：1518485