本文關(guān)鍵詞： V形球閥 閥芯結(jié)構(gòu) 流量系數(shù) 等百分比流量特性　出處：《蘭州理工大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：自20世紀(jì)70年代國外發(fā)明了V形調(diào)節(jié)球閥以來，由于其具有流體阻力小，流通能力大、開關(guān)迅速、密封性能好、壽命長、可調(diào)比高等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中的含有纖維介質(zhì)的流體系統(tǒng)中得到了非常廣泛的應(yīng)用。V形球閥從80年代開始引入我國，到目前為止在國內(nèi)只有少數(shù)廠家能夠制造V形球閥，且都是以經(jīng)驗參數(shù)設(shè)計為主，仍然有一些關(guān)鍵技術(shù)沒有掌握，調(diào)節(jié)性能依然較低，產(chǎn)品難以達(dá)到理想等百分比流量特性。 本文研究了V形球閥的基本結(jié)構(gòu)，給出了主要的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)，如閥芯球冠底圓的弦長，球冠的半徑，旋轉(zhuǎn)中心至球冠底圓的高度，V形開口的大小及位置等，推導(dǎo)出了不同開度下流通面積與流量系數(shù)之間的關(guān)系，提出了參數(shù)優(yōu)化要求。 V形球閥的流量特性分析主要是討論流通面積的分析，不同的流通面積便有不同的流阻，由此得到的流量系數(shù)也不一樣，想要使流量特性達(dá)到等百分比流量特性，必須改變不同開度下的流通面積，，使設(shè)計的流量系數(shù)與等百分比流量特性的流量系數(shù)接近，從而改善其流量特性。根據(jù)V形球閥的結(jié)構(gòu)機(jī)理和運(yùn)動關(guān)系建立了閥芯轉(zhuǎn)動的三維數(shù)學(xué)模型，對閥芯的各個參數(shù)進(jìn)行調(diào)整，使不同開度下的流量系數(shù)符合等百分比流量特性的要求。 本文還對該設(shè)計計算方法進(jìn)行了驗證，根據(jù)原閥芯結(jié)構(gòu)計算得到的流量系數(shù)與試驗測試得到的流量系數(shù)非常接近，證明了利用此方法改變閥芯結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)以優(yōu)化流量特性的正確性與可行性。在此計算的基礎(chǔ)上，又開發(fā)了相應(yīng)的優(yōu)化軟件，利用此優(yōu)化軟件可方便快捷的改變閥芯的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)，直至找到與等百分比流量特性相符的閥芯結(jié)構(gòu)。 通過上述的研究，有效的提高了V形球閥的流量特性，使V形球閥的設(shè)計流量特性與等百分比流量特性趨于一致，減小流量系數(shù)誤差。本文推導(dǎo)的等百分比流量特性的V形球閥在不同開度下的流通面積計算公式、流量系數(shù)計算方法及相應(yīng)的優(yōu)化軟件，為工程設(shè)計提供了一種快捷高效的計算方法,簡化了設(shè)計的計算過程，優(yōu)化了閥芯結(jié)構(gòu)，提高了V形球閥的調(diào)節(jié)特性。
[Abstract]:Since the invention of V-shaped ball valve in 1970s, it has the advantages of low fluid resistance, large flow capacity, fast switching, good sealing performance, long life, high adjustable ratio and so on. It has been widely used in the fluid system with fiber medium in industrial production. Since 80s, the V-shaped ball valve has been introduced into China. Up to now, only a few manufacturers have been able to manufacture V-shaped ball valve in our country. All of them are mainly based on the experience parameter design, there are still some key technologies not mastered, the adjustment performance is still low, the product is difficult to achieve the ideal equal percentage flow characteristics. In this paper, the basic structure of V-shaped ball valve is studied, and the main structural parameters are given, such as the chord length of the bottom circle of the core spherical crown, the radius of the spherical crown, the height of the V-shaped opening from the center of rotation to the circle of the bottom of the spherical crown, and so on. The relationship between flow area and flow coefficient under different opening is deduced, and the parameter optimization requirements are put forward. The flow characteristic analysis of V-shaped ball valve is mainly to discuss the analysis of circulation area, different circulation area has different flow resistance, and the flow coefficient is also different. In order to make the flow characteristic reach the equal percentage flow characteristic, the flow area under different opening must be changed, so that the designed flow coefficient is close to the flow coefficient of equal percentage flow characteristic. According to the structure mechanism and motion relation of V-shaped ball valve, the three-dimensional mathematical model of valve core rotation is established, and the parameters of valve core are adjusted. The flow coefficient under different opening meets the requirement of equal percentage flow characteristic. The flow coefficient calculated according to the original valve core structure is very close to the flow coefficient obtained from the test. It is proved that it is correct and feasible to use this method to change the structure parameters of the valve core to optimize the flow characteristics. On the basis of this calculation, the corresponding optimization software is developed. By using this optimization software, the structure parameters of the spool can be changed conveniently and quickly until the spool structure which is consistent with the equal percentage flow characteristics can be found. Through the above research, the flow characteristics of V-shaped ball valves are improved effectively, and the design flow characteristics of V-shaped ball valves tend to be consistent with the equal percentage flow characteristics. To reduce the error of flow coefficient, the formula for calculating flow area of V-shaped ball valve with equal percentage flow characteristics under different opening degrees, the calculation method of flow coefficient and the corresponding optimization software are derived in this paper. It provides a fast and efficient calculation method for engineering design, simplifies the calculation process of the design, optimizes the valve core structure, and improves the adjusting characteristics of the V-shaped ball valve.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH134

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本文編號：1466178