本文關(guān)鍵詞： 壓電泵 壓電驅(qū)動 動力學(xué) 振動分析　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2013年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：壓電泵是微小型流體泵研究的一個主要領(lǐng)域，其具有體積小、能量密度高、流量分辨率高及便于數(shù)字化控制等方面的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。壓電泵在檢測設(shè)備、儀器儀表、機(jī)械及電器等領(lǐng)域具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景，在國外已有成型的壓電泵產(chǎn)品。通過對國內(nèi)外研究及應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀的分析可以看出，目前制約壓電泵廣泛應(yīng)用的主要是由于壓電泵與系統(tǒng)的結(jié)合過程中存在的問題，而目前并未出現(xiàn)對壓電泵動力學(xué)特性的系統(tǒng)研究。 本文結(jié)合國家高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展項(xiàng)目“血糖監(jiān)測與胰島素注射微系統(tǒng)”（項(xiàng)目編號：2011AA040406），國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目“壓電型氣體隔膜泵設(shè)計(jì)理論與關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究”（項(xiàng)目編號：51175213）和“多腔壓電泵用作血泵的基礎(chǔ)理論與試驗(yàn)研究”（項(xiàng)目編號：81171481）開展研究，以微小型壓電泵為研究對象，進(jìn)行了動力學(xué)特性的理論分析、仿真分析及試驗(yàn)研究。為微小型壓電泵的設(shè)計(jì)與應(yīng)用提供理論依據(jù)。具體研究內(nèi)容如下： 1.壓電振子輸出力分析 壓電振子是壓電泵的動力原件，在小變形理論的基礎(chǔ)上建立等效集中力模型，并根據(jù)該模型對壓電陶瓷的各部分尺寸參數(shù)與等效集中力的關(guān)系進(jìn)行分析。討論了泵用壓電振子的選擇方法及主要參數(shù)的選擇依據(jù)。提出一種基于常用儀器的壓電振子動力學(xué)參數(shù)的測試方法，并用其測試樣機(jī)振子，得到樣機(jī)中壓電振子的動力學(xué)參數(shù)。通過所建立模型對振子設(shè)計(jì)中的相關(guān)參數(shù)進(jìn)行了分析，得出了參數(shù)的選擇次序及其常用范圍內(nèi)參數(shù)對所輸出的等效集中力的影響規(guī)律，并通過試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了結(jié)論的正確性。 2.壓電泵動力學(xué)分析 壓電泵存在一個最優(yōu)的工作頻率，其頻率特性是影響輸出性能的一個主要因素，而動力學(xué)模型的建立是研究其動態(tài)性能的基礎(chǔ)。在靜態(tài)特性的基礎(chǔ)上對壓電泵的動態(tài)工作狀態(tài)進(jìn)行描述，采用將閥與主振質(zhì)量分離的方法簡化壓電泵結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)合粘性流體的振動流動模型討論壓電泵動力學(xué)模型。用阻抗分析法研究壓電泵的動態(tài)性能并驗(yàn)證理論分析結(jié)論，實(shí)驗(yàn)表明采用振子自身的等效剛度作為系統(tǒng)的總體剛度時，模型計(jì)算得到的頻率與實(shí)際情況相差很大。將支撐引入振動系統(tǒng)中，從其結(jié)構(gòu)形式及粘彈性特點(diǎn)的角度進(jìn)行討論，得到的改進(jìn)的動力學(xué)系統(tǒng)模型可以很好的預(yù)測簡化結(jié)構(gòu)的動力學(xué)特性。對泵內(nèi)過流區(qū)的各部分阻尼進(jìn)行了研究，并將其引入到動力學(xué)系統(tǒng)中，用以分析各部分流阻對主振質(zhì)量輸出位移及運(yùn)動的影響。 3.壓電泵出流模型建立與分析 要對壓電泵進(jìn)行優(yōu)化，就要得到其輸出力流量模型，而有閥泵的模型相對復(fù)雜難以直接得到，因此以工作流體連續(xù)運(yùn)動的無閥泵為切入，得到模型后推廣到有閥壓電泵。首先對無運(yùn)動部件閥構(gòu)成的無閥泵的單向出流機(jī)理進(jìn)行討論，并將其容積效率特性與壓電泵主振質(zhì)量結(jié)合，建立壓電泵的流量輸出模型。在此基礎(chǔ)上利用正反流阻差概念將有閥泵和無閥泵的出流機(jī)理進(jìn)行統(tǒng)一，并建立有閥泵的簡化模型。對閥的不完全關(guān)閉現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行討論，，進(jìn)而得到壓電泵在閥不完全關(guān)閉狀態(tài)下的流量模型，最終對有閥泵一般狀態(tài)下的出流特性進(jìn)行討論，對泵的最終輸出特性進(jìn)行預(yù)測，為泵閥設(shè)計(jì)提供一種新的方法。 4.壓電泵部件優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)研究 在壓電泵動力學(xué)系統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)上，建立各部件設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)與系統(tǒng)的動力學(xué)參數(shù)之間的關(guān)系，根據(jù)對壓電泵性能要求優(yōu)化各部件的結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸。根據(jù)壓電泵出流模型可知影響系統(tǒng)輸出幅值的直接因素是阻尼，即過流區(qū)的流阻特性，因此進(jìn)行過流區(qū)仿真分析；通過支撐的設(shè)計(jì)與選用控制壓電泵的頻率特性；建立閥結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)與系統(tǒng)動力學(xué)參數(shù)的關(guān)系。對以上參數(shù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化實(shí)驗(yàn)，最后通過閥與壓電泵主振質(zhì)量的頻率匹配提高壓電泵的輸出性能，同時得到理想的頻率特性。 5.負(fù)載對壓電泵輸出性能影響研究 利用壓電泵系統(tǒng)的基本動力學(xué)模型和流量模型可以對壓電泵的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。但由于壓電泵的輸出總功率較小，要將其應(yīng)用于不同的工作狀態(tài)下就要將其與具體的應(yīng)用及負(fù)載相結(jié)合，對壓電泵進(jìn)行優(yōu)化以實(shí)現(xiàn)更廣泛的應(yīng)用。首先分類討論壓電泵的外部負(fù)載，并分析其所輸送介質(zhì)特性對泵性能的影響，再對外部的環(huán)境溫度對泵性能的影響進(jìn)行研究，最后對影響最明顯的氣泡對壓電泵性能的影響展開系統(tǒng)的分析。通過氣泡的形成、兩相流的流動狀態(tài)及流型、氣泡對系統(tǒng)動力學(xué)特性的影響及泵中界面特性的研究，得出氣泡對壓電泵輸出性能的影響規(guī)律及其主要因素，在此基礎(chǔ)上選擇合理的方法增強(qiáng)壓電泵的抗氣泡能力。 本文結(jié)合壓電學(xué)、機(jī)械動力學(xué)、流體力學(xué)、流體動力學(xué)、材料學(xué)及電學(xué)相關(guān)理論對壓電泵的動力學(xué)特性及應(yīng)用進(jìn)行討論。研究工作為微小型壓電泵的設(shè)計(jì)提供了一種新的理論方法，對同類結(jié)構(gòu)的微小型流體輸送設(shè)備的設(shè)計(jì)具有借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:Piezoelectric pump is a main field of micro fluid pump research, which has the advantages of small volume, high energy density, has the advantages of high resolution and easy digital flow control and so on. In the piezoelectric pump testing equipment, instrumentation, and has wide application prospect in field of mechanical and electrical appliances, piezoelectric pump products abroad through the analysis of forming. The domestic and foreign research and application status of it can be seen that the current constraints of piezoelectric pump widely used is mainly due to the presence of the piezoelectric pump system and the problems in the process, and is currently no systematic research on dynamic characteristics of piezoelectric pump.
In this paper, combined with the national high technology research and development project "blood glucose monitoring and insulin injection micro system" (project number: 2011AA040406), National Natural Science Fund Project "the piezoelectric type gas diaphragm pump design theory and key technology research" (project number: 51175213) the basic theory and experimental research and multi chamber piezoelectric pump for blood pump "(project number: 81171481) to carry out research, a miniature piezoelectric pump as the research object, analyzes the dynamic characteristics of the theoretical analysis and experimental study of simulation. The design and application of mini type piezoelectric pump provides a theoretical basis. The specific contents are as follows:
Analysis of the output force of 1. piezoelectric vibrators
The piezoelectric vibrator is the original power of the piezoelectric pump, the equivalent concentrated force model based on small deformation theory, and according to the model to analyze the relationship between the size of each part of the parameters and equivalent concentrated force of piezoelectric ceramics is discussed. Choice based on pump selection method of piezoelectric vibrator and main parameters a commonly used instrument. The piezoelectric vibrator based on dynamic parameters testing method and the testing of prototype oscillators, dynamic parameters of piezoelectric vibrator prototype. Through the model parameters of the oscillator design analysis, influence of choice of the parameters are obtained and the common scope within the parameters of equivalent output concentration, and the correctness of the conclusion is verified by experiment.
Dynamic analysis of 2. piezoelectric pump
The working frequency of the piezoelectric pump has an optimal, its frequency characteristic is a major factor affecting the output performance, and dynamic modeling is based on its dynamic performance. The dynamic state of the piezoelectric pump based on the static characteristics of the description, the quality of the valve and the main vibration isolation a simplified piezoelectric pump structure, combined with the vibration flow model of viscous fluid on the piezoelectric pump dynamics model. Conclusion the method of piezoelectric pump dynamic performance and validate the theoretical analysis by impedance analysis, experiments show that the oscillator equivalent stiffness of the system as the overall stiffness is calculated by the model frequency and the difference between the actual situation great. Will support the introduction of vibration system, from its structure and viscoelastic characteristics are discussed from the perspective of system dynamics, the model can well predict the improved simplified dynamic structure The damping of all parts in the pump area is studied, and it is introduced into the dynamic system to analyze the influence of the flow resistance of each part on the output and displacement of the main vibration.
The establishment and analysis of the flow model of 3. piezoelectric pump
The piezoelectric pump is optimized to get the output power flow model, and valve pump model is relatively complex to directly, so the valve pump working fluid in continuous motion as the breakthrough, get after the model is extended to the valve pressure electric pump. Firstly, no moving parts composed of one-way flow valve discuss the mechanism of the valveless pump, and the volumetric efficiency and characteristics of piezoelectric pump vibration quality with establishing flow output model of piezoelectric pump. On the basis of the positive and negative difference resistance flow will have valve pump and valve pump flow mechanism and the establishment of a unified, simplified model of pump valve not completely closed. Phenomenon of valve are discussed, and then get the piezoelectric pump in the valve is not completely closed flow model under the condition of a final, discussed the flow characteristics of valve pump in general condition, the final output characteristics of the pump provides a forecast for the valve. A new method.
Optimum design and experimental study of 4. piezoelectric pump components
In the piezoelectric pump dynamic system based on the relationship between the kinetic parameters of parts design parameters and system, according to the structure size of the piezoelectric pump performance requirements optimized components. Based on the piezoelectric pump flow model that directly affects the system output amplitude is damped, namely the flow characteristics of flow area. Therefore, to analyze the simulation flow; through the support of the design and selection of control frequency characteristics of piezoelectric pump; relationship between valve structure parameters and dynamic parameters of the system. The optimization experiments on the above parameters, finally improve the output performance of piezoelectric pump with valve piezoelectric pump and the main vibration frequency, quality and frequency. The characteristics of the ideal.
Study on the effect of 5. load on the output performance of a piezoelectric pump
By using the basic dynamics model and flow model of piezoelectric pump system on structure parameters of piezoelectric pump are optimized. But because the total power output of the piezoelectric pump is smaller, it will be used in different working conditions will be combined with the load and the specific application phase of piezoelectric pump is optimized to to achieve a more widespread application. First discuss external piezoelectric pump load, and analyze the characteristics of the transmission medium impact on pump performance, to study the effects of external environment temperature on the performance of the pump, the most obvious influence of bubbles on the influence of piezoelectric pump performance analysis system. Through the bubble expansion the formation of flow state and flow pattern of two-phase flow, interface characteristic of the bubble effect on the dynamic characteristics of the system and the pump, get the influence law of bubbles on the piezoelectric pump output performance and main factors, on the basis of selection A reasonable method can be used to enhance the anti bubble ability of the piezoelectric pump.
This combination of piezoelectricity, mechanical dynamics, fluid mechanics, fluid dynamics, dynamic characteristics and application of material science and electrical related theory of piezoelectric pump are discussed. It provides a new theory method design of the piezoelectric pump is small, has the reference significance for design of micro fluid conveying equipment of similar structure.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TH38

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