三維快速成型打印技術(shù)成型材料及粘結(jié)劑研制
本文關(guān)鍵詞: 三維打印 改性硫酸鈣 水基粘結(jié)劑 粉末成型材料 出處:《華南理工大學》2012年碩士論文 論文類型:學位論文
【摘要】:快速成型(Rapid Prototyping,簡稱RP)技術(shù)是20世紀80年代末產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展起來的一種新型制造技術(shù),是利用三維CAD數(shù)據(jù),通過快速成型機,將材料一層層地堆積成實體原型的技術(shù),可以自動、快速、直接、精確地將設(shè)計思想物化為具有一定功能的原型或制造零件。 三維快速成型打。═hree Dimensional Printing,簡稱3DP)技術(shù)作為其中的一種快速成型技術(shù),屬于綠色的桌面快速成型設(shè)備,具有成本低、體積小、無污染等優(yōu)點,而其中的粘接材料三維打印成型技術(shù)的原理和工作過程是使用噴頭噴出粘結(jié)劑,選擇性地將粉末材料粘結(jié)起來。由于設(shè)備原料采用粉末材料,不需要制作支承,成本遠遠低于其它的快速成型技術(shù),是其它快速成型技術(shù)的一半以上;它可以制作出具有石膏、塑料、橡膠、陶瓷等原料屬性的產(chǎn)品模型。不僅可以制作概念模型,而且可以制作產(chǎn)品模型,廣泛應用于成型工業(yè)、建筑設(shè)計、醫(yī)用器械制備、汽車等方面。該技術(shù)所用原料國內(nèi)尚無產(chǎn)品,因而開發(fā)研究該類原料具有較好的經(jīng)濟和社會效益。 本文對快速成型技術(shù)及三維快速成型打印技術(shù)的原理等進行了描述,并根據(jù)成型原理,主要通過對二水硫酸鈣進行改性,通過正交試驗確定了硫酸鈣粉末硬化時間及分散性改善的最優(yōu)條件,并對改性劑改性的原理進行了探索,并將改性所得的關(guān)鍵組分改性硫酸鈣與改性二氧化硅、聚乙烯醇、氧化鋁等粉末進行混合,,通過大量實驗并結(jié)合數(shù)學模擬軟件對粉末成型材料的最佳配方及混合工藝等進行了研究,并對成型材料的密度、抗壓強度、硬化時間、滾動性等進行比較測試。并以進口水基粘結(jié)劑作為參考,以蒸餾水為主要成分,通過添加丙三醇、無水乙醇、特殊表面活性劑等對水基粘結(jié)劑的表面張力、粘度、揮發(fā)速度、促凝性、電導率等性能進行了調(diào)節(jié),制得符合打印頭需求的水基粘結(jié)劑。將粉末成型材料與水基粘結(jié)劑上機打印,結(jié)合性能較好,打印結(jié)果比較滿意。
[Abstract]:Rapid Prototyping (RP) technology is a new manufacturing technology which was produced and developed at the end of 1980s. It is based on 3D CAD data. By means of a rapid prototyping machine, the technology of stacking the material layer by layer into a solid prototype can automatically, quickly, directly and accurately materialize the design idea into a prototype or manufacturing part with certain functions. Three Dimensional printing (3DP) technology is one of the rapid prototyping technologies. Green desktop rapid prototyping equipment has the advantages of low cost, small volume, no pollution, etc. The principle and working process of 3D printing technology of adhesive material is to use spray head to spray out binder. Selective bonding of powder materials. Because the equipment raw materials used powder materials, do not need to make support, the cost is far lower than other rapid prototyping technology, is more than half of other rapid prototyping technology; It can make a product model with gypsum, plastic, rubber, ceramic and other raw material properties, not only can make conceptual model, but also can make product model, widely used in molding industry, architectural design. There are no domestic products for the raw materials used in this technology, so it has good economic and social benefits to develop and study this kind of raw materials. In this paper, the principles of rapid prototyping and 3D rapid prototyping are described. According to the forming principle, calcium sulfate dihydrate is mainly modified. The optimum conditions for improving the hardening time and dispersity of calcium sulfate powder were determined by orthogonal test, and the principle of modification of the modifier was explored. The key components of the modification were modified calcium sulfate and modified silica. Through a large number of experiments and mathematical simulation software, the optimum formula and mixing process of powder forming materials were studied, and the density and compressive strength of the molding materials were also studied. The hardening time and rolling property were compared and tested. The imported water-based binder was used as reference and distilled water as the main component by adding glycerol and anhydrous ethanol. The surface tension, viscosity, volatilization speed, coagulability and conductivity of water-based binder were adjusted by special surfactants. The water-based binder which meets the printing head requirement is prepared. The powder forming material and the water-based binder are printed on the machine. The binding property is better and the printing result is satisfactory.
【學位授予單位】:華南理工大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2012
【分類號】:TH16
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