本文關(guān)鍵詞： 起重機(jī) 彈塑性接觸 非線(xiàn)性 輪軌接觸 橋架結(jié)構(gòu)　出處：《武漢科技大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：橋式起重機(jī)作為一種重要的物流裝備，廣泛應(yīng)用于國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的各生產(chǎn)部門(mén)。隨著人類(lèi)有限資源的不斷減少，我國(guó)起重機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)逐漸向低凈空、低輪壓、低能耗的節(jié)能化方向發(fā)展。一種有效途徑就是降低起重機(jī)的自重和整體高度。傳統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)方法采用經(jīng)典公式計(jì)算許用輪壓和橋架結(jié)構(gòu)，往往導(dǎo)致設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果偏于保守，一方面加大了車(chē)輪的尺寸，使整機(jī)重心升高；另一方面車(chē)輪和橋架的重量增大，從而增加了整機(jī)的自重。為了分析車(chē)輪及橋架的實(shí)際承載能力，本文使用非線(xiàn)性有限元法對(duì)輪軌關(guān)系以及輪軌接觸作用下橋架的應(yīng)力進(jìn)行了全面的研究。 本文以某電廠(chǎng)用的雙梁橋式起重機(jī)為研究對(duì)象，主要做了以下工作： 1）根據(jù)起重機(jī)輪軌和橋架的實(shí)際尺寸，建立了輪軌系統(tǒng)和橋架的有限元模型； 2）對(duì)起重機(jī)輪軌系統(tǒng)分別進(jìn)行有限元彈性和彈塑性分析，分別得到不同載荷作用下的各應(yīng)力分布情況，并對(duì)兩種模型的計(jì)算結(jié)果作對(duì)比分析； 3）將小車(chē)輪壓按兩種不同方式簡(jiǎn)化為集中載荷分別施加給橋架，并分析橋架在這兩種輪壓作用方式下的應(yīng)力分布情況； 4）在小車(chē)車(chē)輪與軌道間建立接觸對(duì)，，得到小車(chē)輪壓經(jīng)接觸方式傳遞給橋架時(shí)橋架的應(yīng)力分布情況； 5）對(duì)比分析輪壓載荷按照以上三種不同方式加載時(shí)橋架結(jié)構(gòu)的受力特點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:Bridge crane, as an important logistics equipment, is widely used in various production departments of the national economy. With the continuous reduction of human limited resources, the design of crane in China is gradually to low clearance, low wheel pressure. One effective way is to reduce the weight and the overall height of the crane. The traditional design method uses the classical formula to calculate the allowable wheel pressure and the bridge structure. Often lead to conservative design results, on the one hand increased the size of the wheel, so that the center of gravity of the whole machine increased; On the other hand, the weight of the wheel and the bridge is increased, thus increasing the weight of the whole machine. In order to analyze the actual bearing capacity of the wheel and the bridge. In this paper, nonlinear finite element method is used to study the relationship between wheel and rail and the stress of bridge under wheel / rail contact. In this paper, the double girder bridge crane used in a power plant is taken as the research object. The main work is as follows: 1) according to the actual size of wheel / rail and bridge frame of crane, the finite element model of wheel / rail system and bridge frame is established. 2) the finite element elastic and elastoplastic analysis of crane wheel-rail system is carried out, and the stress distribution under different loads is obtained, and the calculation results of the two models are compared and analyzed. 3) the small wheel pressure is simplified into concentrated load on the bridge frame in two different ways, and the stress distribution of the bridge frame under these two wheel compression modes is analyzed. 4) establishing the contact pair between the wheel and the track of the vehicle, and obtaining the stress distribution of the bridge when the small wheel is pressed through the contact mode and transferred to the bridge frame; 5) the stress characteristics of the bridge structure under three different loading modes are analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TH215

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