【摘要】：高速刀柄是現(xiàn)代高速加工機床的重要組成部分。主軸與刀柄接口技術(shù)水平?jīng)Q定了工件的加工精度和加工效率，甚至影響刀具使用壽命。目前，在機械加工領(lǐng)域中，對機床主軸轉(zhuǎn)速要求逐步提升，進而對工具系統(tǒng)可靠性也提出了進一步的要求。多棱圓錐刀柄為高速加工領(lǐng)域中應(yīng)用最廣泛的刀柄之一，其錐部為類三棱結(jié)構(gòu)，棱處為圓弧過渡。這種結(jié)構(gòu)不但可以保持良好的對中性，裝拆方便，且應(yīng)力集中小、傳遞扭矩較大。本文研究重點為多棱圓錐刀柄的接觸特性。 從多棱圓錐刀柄連接型面基本理論入手，本文研究了其無鍵連接的工作原理以及型面的相關(guān)計算，在此基礎(chǔ)上分析了多棱圓錐刀柄接觸特性，最后進行了多棱圓錐刀柄錐度測量實驗，主要進行如下研究： （1）根據(jù)多棱圓錐刀柄連接型面的基本特征，分析三棱型面刀柄的工作原理，研究多棱錐柄截面極慣性矩的計算方法，推導(dǎo)錐柄剪應(yīng)力計算公式，，建立多棱錐柄扭轉(zhuǎn)剛度模型，依據(jù)此模型推導(dǎo)錐柄與主軸接觸壓力計算公式。 （2）研究多棱圓錐刀柄與主軸配合的接觸特性。根據(jù)多棱刀柄夾緊方式應(yīng)用UG軟件建立多棱圓錐刀柄與主軸裝配的模型，并依據(jù)此模型應(yīng)用AnsysWorkbench分析拉緊力對錐面和端面的接觸應(yīng)力影響和棱錐面和非棱錐面的等效應(yīng)力的差別。通過改變刀柄和主軸錐角公差得到不同過盈量下裝配模型，再進行多棱錐柄不同過盈量下扭轉(zhuǎn)剛度和徑向剛度的分析。 （3）進行多棱圓錐刀柄錐柄重要參數(shù)的測量，使用高精度三坐標(biāo)測量錐柄重要參數(shù)的方法，針對PSK-63型刀柄編寫測量程序，分析測量三棱輪廓曲線及錐度參數(shù)報告。 通過上述研究為多棱圓錐刀柄的制造和新型高速工具系統(tǒng)的研發(fā)提供理論基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:High speed tool handle is an important part of modern high speed machining machine tool. The technical level of the interface between the spindle and the tool handle determines the machining accuracy and efficiency of the workpiece, and even affects the service life of the tool. At present, in the field of machining, the spindle speed of machine tool is gradually improved, and then the reliability of tool system is also put forward. Multi-prism conical shank is one of the most widely used tool shank in the field of high-speed machining. Its cone part is trigonous structure, and the edge is arc transition. This structure can not only maintain good neutral, convenient assembly and disassembly, but also has small stress concentration and large transmission torque. In this paper, the contact characteristics of multi-prism conical tool shank are studied. Based on the basic theory of multi-prism conical shank connection surface, the working principle of keyless connection and the related calculation of multi-prism conical shank are studied in this paper. On this basis, the contact characteristics of multi-prism conical shank are analyzed. Finally, the taper measurement experiment of multi-prism conical shank is carried out. The main research is as follows: (1) according to the basic characteristics of the connecting surface of multi-prism conical shank, the working principle of triangular conical shank is analyzed. This paper studies the calculation method of polar moment of inertia of multi-prism conical shank section, deduces the calculation formula of shear stress of conical shank, establishes the torsional stiffness model of multi-prism conical shank, and deduces the formula of contact pressure between conical shank and spindle according to this model. (2) the contact characteristics between the multi-prism conical tool handle and the spindle are studied. According to the clamping mode of multi-edge tool handle, the assembly model of multi-prism conical tool handle and spindle is established by UG software. According to this model, the influence of tension force on the contact stress of cone and end face and the difference of equivalent stress between pyramid surface and non-pyramid surface are analyzed by AnsysWorkbench. The assembly model with different interference is obtained by changing the cone angle tolerance of tool handle and spindle, and then the torsional stiffness and radial stiffness of multi-pyramid handle with different interference are analyzed. (3) the important parameters of conical shank with multi-prism conical shank are measured, and the measurement program is compiled for PSK- 63 tool shank by using the method of measuring the important parameters of conical shank with high precision, and the measurement of trigonous profile curve and taper parameter report are analyzed. The above research provides a theoretical basis for the manufacture of multi-prism conical tool shank and the research and development of a new high-speed tool system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TG502.3

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