【摘要】：隨著飛機(jī)飛行性能要求的不斷提高,航空制造領(lǐng)域一直致力于新型材料的應(yīng)用,通過(guò)降低機(jī)體質(zhì)量以及提高結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度來(lái)提高飛機(jī)的綜合性能,鈦合金等新型材料由于具備密度小、比強(qiáng)度高、耐腐蝕及耐熱性能好等種種優(yōu)越的性能被廣泛地應(yīng)用在飛機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)部件。然而,因?yàn)殁伜辖鸫嬖趯?dǎo)熱性能差、彈性模量小以及化學(xué)活性高等問(wèn)題,使得切削時(shí)散熱效果不充分,容易造成切削溫度過(guò)高,表面產(chǎn)生冷硬現(xiàn)象,而且已加工表面回彈嚴(yán)重,造成刀具磨損加劇,是一種典型的難加工材料。而在飛機(jī)裝配現(xiàn)場(chǎng)工況下,傳統(tǒng)的鉆孔加工方式已經(jīng)難以滿足難加工材料的加工要求,針對(duì)鉆孔工藝存在的種種不足,螺旋銑孔工藝應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。螺旋銑孔采用偏心加工的方式,大大改善了散熱條件,能顯著減小切削力,有利于提高加工質(zhì)量和刀具壽命,是當(dāng)前國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)領(lǐng)域研究的熱點(diǎn)。本文通過(guò)切屑分析并利用有限元模型,對(duì)適用于螺旋銑孔加工方式的專用刀具優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)展開(kāi)了研究。首先,通過(guò)研究刀具在螺旋銑孔加工時(shí)的運(yùn)動(dòng)特征建立了刀具的運(yùn)動(dòng)方程并建立了各控制參數(shù)與切削用量之間的關(guān)系,利用三維建模軟件建立了未變形切屑的實(shí)體模型,并結(jié)合文獻(xiàn)、試驗(yàn)對(duì)比了不同刀具進(jìn)行螺旋銑孔加工時(shí)切屑的特征,分析了采用傳統(tǒng)形式銑刀進(jìn)行螺旋銑孔加工的弊端并提出專用刀具的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)思路。根據(jù)螺旋銑孔加工過(guò)程的特殊性,進(jìn)行了鈦合金Ti6A14V螺旋銑孔三維切削過(guò)程的有限元建模,并利用兩組參數(shù)試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了有限元模型的準(zhǔn)確性。利用該有限元模型進(jìn)行了以軸向切削力為評(píng)判指標(biāo),刀具V型刃夾角、V型刃傾斜角、刀具前角為因素的正交試驗(yàn),采用極差分析的方法得到不同刀具幾何參數(shù)對(duì)軸向切削力的影響規(guī)律,并得到刀具優(yōu)化的角度。同時(shí)利用該模型對(duì)螺旋銑孔切削條件下的流屑特征進(jìn)行了初步的研究,為刀具冷卻孔的開(kāi)設(shè)提供了參考。最后,采用螺旋銑孔試驗(yàn)平臺(tái)對(duì)優(yōu)化后的刀具進(jìn)行了螺旋銑孔加工鈦合金的刀具壽命試驗(yàn),試驗(yàn)結(jié)果證明,相對(duì)于優(yōu)化前的專用刀具,優(yōu)化后刀具壽命得到明顯提高,且加工性能良好。
[Abstract]:With the continuous improvement of aircraft flight performance requirements, the aviation manufacturing field has been committed to the application of new materials, by reducing the mass of the airframe and improving the structural strength to improve the overall performance of aircraft. Because of its low density, high specific strength, good corrosion resistance and heat resistance, titanium alloys and other new materials have been widely used in aircraft structural components. However, due to the problems of poor thermal conductivity, low elastic modulus and high chemical activity of titanium alloy, the heat dissipation effect during cutting is not sufficient, and the cutting temperature is too high, the surface of titanium alloy is hard and cold, and the rebound of machined surface is serious. The tool wear is aggravated, and it is a typical difficult-to-work material. However, under the condition of aircraft assembly site, the traditional drilling technology can not meet the requirements of difficult-to-process materials. In view of the shortcomings of drilling technology, spiral milling technology emerges as the times require. The eccentric machining of helical milling hole greatly improves the heat dissipation condition and can significantly reduce the cutting force, which is beneficial to the improvement of machining quality and tool life. It is a hot topic in the field of research at home and abroad at present. In this paper, the chip analysis and finite element model are used to study the optimal design of special cutting tools suitable for screw milling. Firstly, the motion equation of the cutter and the relationship between the control parameters and the cutting parameters are established by studying the motion characteristics of the cutter in the machining of spiral milling hole, and the solid model of the undeformed chip is established by using the 3D modeling software. Combined with the literature, the paper compares the chip characteristics of different cutting tools in helical milling, analyzes the disadvantages of traditional milling cutters in helical milling, and puts forward the optimized design idea of special cutting tools. According to the particularity of spiral milling process, the finite element modeling of three-dimensional machining process of titanium alloy Ti6A14V spiral milling hole was carried out, and the accuracy of the finite element model was verified by two groups of parameter tests. Based on the finite element model, the orthogonal test is carried out with axial cutting force as evaluation index, V-shaped edge angle, V-shaped edge inclination angle and tool front angle as the factors, and the cutting force is used as the evaluation index, and the cutting tool V-shaped edge angle is included. The influence of different tool geometry parameters on the axial cutting force is obtained by using the method of extreme difference analysis, and the optimization angle of the tool is obtained. At the same time, the chip characteristics under the condition of spiral milling are studied by using the model, which provides a reference for the opening of cooling holes of cutting tools. Finally, the optimized tool life of titanium alloy is tested by spiral milling test platform. The results show that compared with the special tool before optimization, the tool life of optimized tool is improved obviously, and the cutting tool life of the optimized tool is improved obviously compared with the special tool before the optimization, and the tool life of the optimized tool is improved obviously. And the processing performance is good.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TG71

【共引文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 陳剛;張磊;吳保橋;鐘斌;吳勇忠;;噴丸處理對(duì)S形輻板車輪輻板表面周向殘余應(yīng)力變化影響的試驗(yàn)研究[J];安徽冶金;2009年04期

2 王貴成,洪泉,朱云明,裴宏杰;精密加工中表面完整性的綜合評(píng)價(jià)[J];兵工學(xué)報(bào);2005年06期

3 劉東曉;仇振安;梁興龍;李宇剛;;精密光學(xué)透鏡薄壁鏡筒類零件表面殘余應(yīng)力研究[J];電光與控制;2010年05期

4 閻光明;楊巧風(fēng);;0Cr15Ni7Mo2Al不銹鋼銑削加工刀具磨損研究[J];工具技術(shù);2008年11期

5 王文凱;湯文成;;有限元法在金屬高速切削加工技術(shù)中的應(yīng)用[J];機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)與制造;2008年06期

6 曾紅;韓笑;陳燕燕;王延忠;吳林峰;;銑削加工曲面殘余應(yīng)力有限元分析[J];機(jī)床與液壓;2013年05期

7 閆艷燕;趙波;劉俊利;;二維超聲磨削納米陶瓷表面微觀不平度分析[J];上海交通大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2009年04期

8 韓慶文;刷削在機(jī)車車輛檢修中的應(yīng)用[J];鐵道機(jī)車車輛;1996年01期

9 付強(qiáng),覃峰,嚴(yán)偉浩,趙云鳳;牙用Vita Mk Ⅱ陶瓷材料切削性能的研究[J];新醫(yī)學(xué);2002年11期

10 郭培燕;王素玉;李明艷;張作狀;;切削加工表面殘余應(yīng)力的有限元計(jì)算[J];制造技術(shù)與機(jī)床;2007年01期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前4條

1 喬陽(yáng);高效切削粉末冶金高溫合金的加工性研究[D];山東大學(xué);2011年

2 李紅;以鈣云母為主相的高強(qiáng)度可切削牙科微晶玻璃的研究[D];四川大學(xué);2002年

3 王中秋;航空整體結(jié)構(gòu)件加工變形滾壓校正理論及方法研究[D];山東大學(xué);2009年

4 杜東興;表面改性與完整性對(duì)鈦合金疲勞行為的影響[D];西北工業(yè)大學(xué);2014年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前10條

1 唐艷玲;等溫淬火球墨鑄鐵銑削性能研究[D];蘇州大學(xué);2010年

2 宋濤;油氣水井高效套磨銑工具創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)[D];西南石油大學(xué);2007年

3 丁路芬;原位自生TiC_p/Fe、VC_p/Fe復(fù)合材料切削加工性能的研究[D];廣西大學(xué);2008年

4 劉勇;冷拉伸滾壓成形及材料性能研究[D];貴州大學(xué);2008年

5 方虹;冷拉伸滾壓成形零件材料性能研究[D];貴州大學(xué);2009年

6 張入仁;航空鋁合金銑削三維表面形貌及其耐腐蝕性研究[D];山東大學(xué);2012年

7 石美華;薄壁盒形沖壓件法蘭區(qū)起皺及邊緣切削有限元模擬[D];中南大學(xué);2012年

8 鄧小野;鈦合金高速切削加工機(jī)理的仿真研究[D];沈陽(yáng)理工大學(xué);2012年

9 王亞飛;航空難加工材料螺旋銑孔專用刀具研究[D];浙江大學(xué);2014年

10 高建紅;鈦合金滾磨光整加工表面完整性研究[D];太原理工大學(xué);2014年

，

本文編號(hào)：2470423