【摘要】：采用高速球頭銑刀加工大型復(fù)雜淬硬鋼模具過程中,刀具磨損劇烈,直接影響模具加工表面質(zhì)量和刀具使用壽命,甚至?xí)l(fā)銑刀安全性問題,這嚴(yán)重制約著銑刀切削效率的提高。已有的刀具磨損評定和刀具使用壽命計算方法主要通過切削試驗(yàn)獲取隨切削行程變化的刀具磨損特性,無法定量分析和解算刀具磨損量,刀具磨損特性及其影響因素有待揭示。同時,已有的高速銑削淬硬鋼工藝設(shè)計方法沒有考慮工件特征多變對刀具磨損和使用壽命的影響,沖擊載荷作用下的銑刀壽命和高速銑削工藝設(shè)計方案無法滿足大型、復(fù)雜淬硬鋼模具高速、高精度切削加工的要求,有必要對此進(jìn)行深入研究。本文在國家自然科學(xué)基金“高能效銑刀波動力學(xué)損傷機(jī)理及其多尺度協(xié)同設(shè)計方法(51375124)”的支持下,研究了高速球頭銑刀摩擦磨損模型,揭示了銑刀切削淬硬鋼的磨損特性,提出了高速銑削淬硬鋼曲面的工藝設(shè)計方法。依據(jù)高速球頭銑刀滑動摩擦模型,研究了銑刀前、后刀面及切削刃與淬硬鋼凸凹曲面接觸應(yīng)力分布特性,建立了基于摩擦功原理的銑刀磨損模型,實(shí)現(xiàn)了銑刀后刀面磨損量的解算。結(jié)合高速切削淬硬鋼銑刀磨損試驗(yàn),獲得了銑削方式、加工傾角及振動對銑刀磨損的影響特性,利用銑刀前后刀面沖擊磨損試驗(yàn),研究了在不同工況下的銑刀磨損特性。設(shè)計多硬度拼接凸凹曲面硬淬鋼試件,進(jìn)行了高速銑刀性能測試,分析了切削淬硬鋼銑刀磨損的振動特性,提出了高速銑削淬硬鋼模具工藝方案優(yōu)選方法,以解決銑刀切削淬硬鋼服役性能評價上存在的模糊性和不確定性問題。為減少淬硬鋼高速銑削加工中刀具磨損問題,建立了銑刀效率壽命評價模型,揭示出加工效率與刀具使用壽命交互作用對高速銑削淬硬鋼過程的影響,提出了以銑刀安全穩(wěn)定性為約束條件,以提高效率壽命為目標(biāo)的高速切削淬硬鋼工藝設(shè)計方法,實(shí)現(xiàn)高速銑削淬硬鋼刀具的高壽命和切削高效率。
[Abstract]:In the process of machining large and complex hardened steel die with high-speed ball-end milling cutter, the tool wear is severe, which directly affects the surface quality and tool service life of die processing, and even causes the safety problem of milling cutter. This seriously restricts the improvement of milling cutter cutting efficiency. The existing methods of tool wear assessment and tool service life calculation are mainly used to obtain tool wear characteristics with the change of cutting stroke through cutting tests. It is not possible to quantitatively analyze and calculate the tool wear amount. The tool wear characteristics and their influencing factors need to be revealed. At the same time, the existing process design methods of high-speed milling hardened steel do not consider the influence of workpiece characteristics on tool wear and service life, and the milling tool life and high-speed milling process design scheme under impact load can not meet the large scale. It is necessary to study the requirement of high-speed and high-precision cutting for complex hardened steel dies. In this paper, the friction and wear model of high speed ball end milling cutter is studied with the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, "the mechanism of wave mechanics damage of high energy efficiency milling cutter and its multi-scale collaborative design method (51375124)", and the wear characteristics of cutting hardened steel by milling cutter are revealed. The process design method of high speed milling hardened steel surface is put forward. According to the sliding friction model of high speed ball end milling cutter, the characteristics of contact stress distribution between the cutting edge and the hardened steel protruding and concave surface before and after the milling cutter are studied, and the wear model of milling cutter based on the principle of friction work is established. The calculation of tool face wear after milling cutter is realized. Combined with the wear test of high speed cutting hardened steel milling cutter, the effects of milling mode, machining inclination and vibration on the wear of milling cutter are obtained. The wear characteristics of milling cutter under different working conditions are studied by the impact wear test of cutter face before and after milling cutter. The multi-hardness splicing convex-concave surface hardened steel specimen was designed, the performance of high-speed milling cutter was tested, the vibration characteristic of cutting hardened steel milling cutter was analyzed, and the optimization method of high-speed milling hardened steel die technology was put forward. In order to solve the problem of fuzziness and uncertainty in service performance evaluation of milling cutter cutting hardened steel. In order to reduce the tool wear problem in high speed milling of hardened steel, the life evaluation model of milling cutter efficiency was established, and the influence of interaction between machining efficiency and tool life on the process of high speed milling hardened steel was revealed. The technology design method of high speed cutting hardened steel is put forward, which is based on the safety and stability of milling cutter and the aim of improving efficiency life. The high life and high cutting efficiency of high speed milling hardened steel tool are realized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TG54

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