【摘要】：針對(duì)激光微小孔加工中微小孔幾何形貌和孔壁重鑄層這2個(gè)影響微小孔加工質(zhì)量的關(guān)鍵因素,利用大功率Nd:YAG毫秒脈沖激光器,分別在304不銹鋼和DZ445定向結(jié)晶鎳基合金上進(jìn)行孔加工實(shí)驗(yàn),主要研究了激光旋切法加工微小孔的工藝特點(diǎn),對(duì)旋切法所涉及的3個(gè)關(guān)鍵參數(shù)(旋切路徑、旋切速度、旋切圈數(shù))對(duì)孔質(zhì)量的影響規(guī)律進(jìn)行了深入探討。結(jié)果顯示:邊緣起點(diǎn)的旋切路徑易導(dǎo)致孔緣出現(xiàn)缺口,而圓心起點(diǎn)的旋切路徑可以避免這種現(xiàn)象;旋切速度和旋切圈數(shù)對(duì)孔壁重鑄層厚度影響顯著,重鑄層厚度隨著旋切速度的降低和旋切圈數(shù)的增加而減小,其機(jī)理在于,孔壁重鑄層在旋切過(guò)程中會(huì)因激光的重復(fù)照射再次發(fā)生熔化,并在氣化壓力與輔助氣壓等驅(qū)動(dòng)力的共同作用下克服黏滯力發(fā)生質(zhì)量遷移,進(jìn)而從孔出口排出,在其他工藝條件不變的情況下,重鑄層的厚度與質(zhì)量遷移的持續(xù)時(shí)間成反比。
[Abstract]:Aiming at the two key factors that affect the machining quality of micro-hole in laser micro-hole machining, the geometric morphology of micro-hole and the recasting layer of hole wall, a high-power Nd:YAG millisecond pulse laser is used. Hole machining experiments were carried out on 304 stainless steel and DZ445 oriented crystalline nickel base alloy respectively. The processing characteristics of micro hole machining by laser rotary cutting method were studied. The influence of the number of circles on the quality of holes is discussed. The results show that the swirl cutting path at the starting point of the edge can easily lead to a gap in the edge of the hole, but the swirling path of the starting point of the center of the circle can avoid this phenomenon. The thickness of the recast layer decreases with the decrease of the cutting speed and the number of the circle, and the mechanism is that the thickness of the recast layer decreases with the decrease of the cutting speed and the increase of the number of the circle, the mechanism of which is that the thickness of the recast layer decreases with the decrease of the cutting speed. The re-cast layer of the hole wall will melt again in the process of rotary cutting because of repeated laser irradiation, and overcome the mass migration of viscous force under the combined action of gasification pressure and auxiliary pressure, and then expel from the outlet of the hole. The thickness of the recast layer is inversely proportional to the duration of mass migration.
【作者單位】： 西安交通大學(xué)機(jī)械工程學(xué)院;西安交通大學(xué)機(jī)械制造系統(tǒng)國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國(guó)家高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目(2013AA040101) 國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(51375374) 教育部長(zhǎng)江學(xué)者和創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)展計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目(IRT1172)
【分類號(hào)】：TG665

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