【摘要】：數(shù)控機床回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺是數(shù)控機床實現(xiàn)圓周回轉(zhuǎn)運動的關(guān)鍵機床部件,其性能的優(yōu)良直接影響到數(shù)控機床的加工精度和穩(wěn)定性。伴隨著當(dāng)今數(shù)控機床性能不斷的提升,隨之而來的是對回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺的傳動精度、響應(yīng)速度及加工穩(wěn)定性的更高要求。數(shù)控機床回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺動態(tài)特性很大程度上取決于其進給系統(tǒng)的表現(xiàn),數(shù)控機床回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺進給系統(tǒng)廣義上是由機械傳動系統(tǒng)和伺服驅(qū)動兩大部分組成。機械進給系統(tǒng)一般是由齒輪副和蝸輪蝸桿副組成的多級齒輪傳動系統(tǒng),齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)的振動主要是以扭轉(zhuǎn)振動為主,齒輪系統(tǒng)的扭轉(zhuǎn)振動不僅使回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺的加工穩(wěn)定性變差,而且縮短了齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)的疲勞壽命�；剞D(zhuǎn)工作臺伺服系統(tǒng)是指以位置和速度作為控制對象的自動控制系統(tǒng),而且伺服系統(tǒng)的性能很大程度上決定了回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺的響應(yīng)速度和穩(wěn)定性。伺服系統(tǒng)的控制形式通常為PID三環(huán)控制,PID控制器參數(shù)對于伺服系統(tǒng)的性能有著至關(guān)重要的作用。本文針對回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺進給系統(tǒng)的齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)及伺服驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)主要做了以下的工作：(1)根據(jù)拉格朗日方程建立回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)的七自由度扭轉(zhuǎn)振動動力學(xué)模型；(2)根據(jù)建立的工作臺齒輪傳動扭振系統(tǒng),求得了其固有頻率及主振型；(3)運用直接積分法newmark-β對齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)在時變嚙合剛度激勵及齒輪誤差激勵下的動態(tài)響應(yīng)分析,分析了系統(tǒng)的動態(tài)特性；(4)對工作臺伺服系統(tǒng)進行了設(shè)計整定,運用單純形法并利用三種不同的優(yōu)化準(zhǔn)則對PID控制器的參數(shù)進行了優(yōu)化。通過對比知GISE優(yōu)化準(zhǔn)則優(yōu)化后的參數(shù)對提高伺服系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性和響應(yīng)速度更為有效。
[Abstract]:The rotary table of NC machine tool is the key part of NC machine tool to realize circumferential rotation, and its excellent performance directly affects the machining accuracy and stability of NC machine tool. With the continuous improvement of the performance of the CNC machine tools, the higher requirements for the transmission accuracy, response speed and machining stability of the rotary table are followed. The dynamic characteristics of the rotary table of NC machine tools depend on the performance of the feed system to a great extent. In a broad sense, the feed system of the rotary table of the NC machine tool is composed of two parts: mechanical drive system and servo drive system. The mechanical feed system is generally a multistage gear transmission system composed of the gear pair and the worm gear pair. The vibration of the gear transmission system is mainly torsional vibration. The torsional vibration of the gear system not only makes the machining stability of the rotary table worse, Moreover, the fatigue life of gear transmission system is shortened. The servo system of rotary table refers to the automatic control system with position and speed as the control object, and the performance of the servo system largely determines the response speed and stability of the rotary table. The control form of servo system is usually PID three-loop control. The parameters of PID controller play an important role in the performance of servo system. The main works of this paper are as follows: (1) according to Lagrange equation, the seven degree of freedom torsional vibration dynamic model of rotary table gear transmission system is established; (2) according to the torsional vibration system of the gear drive of the worktable, the natural frequency and the main vibration mode are obtained; (3) the dynamic response of gear transmission system under time-varying meshing stiffness excitation and gear error excitation is analyzed by direct integration method newmark- 尾, and the dynamic characteristics of the system are analyzed. (4) the servo system of the worktable is designed and tuned. The parameters of the PID controller are optimized by using simplex method and three different optimization criteria. It is found that the optimized parameters of GISE optimization criterion are more effective to improve the stability and response speed of servo system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TG659

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 張柏松;多級齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)扭振建模及模態(tài)分析[J];船舶;2004年06期

2 陳建濤;姚萬業(yè);;一種用于優(yōu)化PID參數(shù)的改進蟻群算法[J];儀器儀表用戶;2009年05期

3 趙臘月;周廣明;楊陽;馬立剛;;齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)固有特性和動態(tài)響應(yīng)分析[J];車輛與動力技術(shù);2013年03期

4 劉強,王惠文,Y.Altintas;銑削過程在線辨識與極點配置自適應(yīng)控制[J];航空學(xué)報;1999年05期

5 李樹庭，沈允文，藺天存;航空齒輪的結(jié)構(gòu)動態(tài)設(shè)計[J];航空學(xué)報;1994年08期

6 楊玉峰,秦憶;交流同步伺服系統(tǒng)的一種慣量強魯棒控制方案[J];華中理工大學(xué)學(xué)報;1999年01期

7 伍鐵斌;成運;周桃云;岳舟;;基于混沌遺傳算法的PID參數(shù)優(yōu)化[J];計算機仿真;2009年05期

8 張曙;數(shù)控機床發(fā)展的新趨勢[J];數(shù)控機床市場;2004年08期

9 陳陽;楊敏;;基于蟻群算法的PID控制器參數(shù)優(yōu)化研究[J];計算機與數(shù)字工程;2009年05期

10 王旭東;林騰蛟;李潤方;劉文;杜雪松;;風(fēng)力發(fā)電機組齒輪系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部動態(tài)激勵和響應(yīng)分析[J];機械設(shè)計與研究;2006年03期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 楊成云;齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)耦合振動響應(yīng)及抗沖擊性能研究[D];重慶大學(xué);2006年

，

本文編號：2420392