【摘要】：鋼絲繩在生產(chǎn)生活中起著舉足輕重的作用,是提升系統(tǒng)的核心部件。為了避免出現(xiàn)由鋼絲繩斷繩引發(fā)的安全事故,需要及時(shí)準(zhǔn)確的評(píng)估鋼絲繩當(dāng)前的損傷狀況,進(jìn)而為鋼絲繩“帶病”的安全工作奠定基礎(chǔ)。因此,設(shè)計(jì)具有高識(shí)別度和高可靠性的鋼絲繩損傷自動(dòng)檢測裝置對(duì)保障人身安全具有重要的意義。根據(jù)提升機(jī)鋼絲繩的主要損傷特點(diǎn),結(jié)合損傷檢測標(biāo)準(zhǔn),確立了對(duì)鋼絲繩損傷判定需從斷絲檢測開始的研究方案。經(jīng)對(duì)現(xiàn)行方法的綜合分析和評(píng)估,確立采用漏磁法為基本檢測原理。通過對(duì)斷絲處漏磁場建模和MATLAB仿真分析,得出漏磁場在鋼絲繩軸向、周向及徑向的初步空間矢量關(guān)系。針對(duì)磁場仿真結(jié)果的空間矢量特征,提出了一種新型霍爾傳感環(huán)形空間陣列的前端信號(hào)采集方案來測量漏磁場信息。信號(hào)采集單元將傳感器和高精度AD轉(zhuǎn)換器集成于一體,并與DSP數(shù)字信號(hào)處理單元通過雙數(shù)據(jù)通道的SPI接口相連。為了給后期數(shù)據(jù)處理和信號(hào)識(shí)別留足空間,AD轉(zhuǎn)換器對(duì)霍爾傳感環(huán)形空間陣列上的傳感器單獨(dú)采樣,數(shù)據(jù)獨(dú)立輸出。通過參數(shù)計(jì)算、電路仿真和3D建模等步驟,論證了DSP數(shù)字信號(hào)處理單元和信號(hào)采集單元設(shè)計(jì)的合理性。在數(shù)字信號(hào)處理方面,結(jié)合改進(jìn)型去極值均值濾波和滑動(dòng)窗口平均濾波算法的優(yōu)勢(shì),提出了一種二者的結(jié)合算法,并通過MATLAB對(duì)原始采樣數(shù)據(jù)仿真對(duì)比分析,驗(yàn)證了結(jié)合算法在剔除雜散噪聲和增加信號(hào)可視性方面具有良好的效果。最后完成整個(gè)鋼絲繩損傷檢測系統(tǒng)樣機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)和制作工作。遵循制定的鋼絲繩損傷檢測實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)設(shè)計(jì)原則,設(shè)計(jì)并加工了可變頻調(diào)速控制的無接頭鋼絲繩回轉(zhuǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)。在此實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)和檢測系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上,分別做了多組、多種類的內(nèi)外部斷絲檢測實(shí)驗(yàn),并分別從空間矢量關(guān)系、合成量幅值和三軸相位關(guān)系等方面對(duì)損傷數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。最后總結(jié)歸納出鋼絲繩內(nèi)外部斷絲漏磁場在以上三方面的特征關(guān)系,并通過多組實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證該結(jié)論對(duì)斷絲識(shí)別具有高準(zhǔn)確性、高識(shí)別率和高可靠性的特點(diǎn)。研究和實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)表明,設(shè)計(jì)的基于霍爾傳感環(huán)形空間陣列的DSP損傷檢測系統(tǒng)及其對(duì)斷絲信號(hào)矢量識(shí)別方法具有廣泛的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Wire rope plays an important role in production and life and is the core part of lifting system. In order to avoid the safety accident caused by wire rope breakage, it is necessary to evaluate the current damage condition of wire rope accurately and timely, and lay the foundation for the safety work of wire rope "band disease". Therefore, it is of great significance to design an automatic detection device for wire rope damage with high recognition and reliability. According to the main damage characteristics of hoist wire rope and combined with the damage detection standard, the research scheme for judging the damage of steel wire rope is established, which begins with the detection of broken wire. Based on the comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the current methods, the magnetic flux leakage method is established as the basic detection principle. Through modeling and MATLAB simulation of leakage magnetic field at broken wire, the primary space vector relation of magnetic leakage field in axial, circumferential and radial direction of wire rope is obtained. According to the space vector characteristics of magnetic field simulation results, a novel front end signal acquisition scheme of Hall sensor ring space array is proposed to measure magnetic field leakage information. The signal acquisition unit integrates the sensor and the high precision AD converter, and is connected with the DSP digital signal processing unit through the SPI interface of two data channels. In order to leave enough space for later data processing and signal recognition, the sensor on Hall sensor ring space array is sampled by AD converter, and the data is outputted independently. Through the steps of parameter calculation, circuit simulation and 3D modeling, the rationality of the design of DSP digital signal processing unit and signal acquisition unit is demonstrated. In the aspect of digital signal processing, combined with the advantages of the improved de-extremum mean filter and sliding window average filtering algorithm, a combined algorithm is proposed, and the original sampling data is simulated and analyzed by MATLAB. It is verified that the combined algorithm is effective in eliminating stray noise and increasing signal visibility. Finally, the prototype design and manufacture of the whole steel wire rope damage detection system are completed. According to the design principle of steel wire rope damage detection test bench, a non-connection wire rope rotary test bench with frequency conversion speed regulation control is designed and manufactured. On the basis of the experimental platform and the detection system, the damage data are compared and analyzed from the aspects of space vector relation, synthetic amplitude and triaxial phase relationship, respectively. Finally, the characteristics of the internal and external leakage magnetic field of wire rope are summarized, and the characteristics of high accuracy, high recognition rate and high reliability are verified by many experiments. The research and experimental data show that the designed DSP damage detection system based on Hall sensing annular space array and its application to the vector recognition method of broken wire signal have wide application value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TG356.45

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前4條

1 張衛(wèi)民;楊旭;王玨;高乾鵬;;基于霍爾元件陣列的缺陷漏磁檢測技術(shù)研究[J];北京理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2011年06期

2 楊子建;;便攜式的鋼絲繩損傷檢測儀[J];電子技術(shù)與軟件工程;2014年02期

3 曹印妮,張東來,徐殿國;鋼絲繩定量無損檢測現(xiàn)狀[J];無損檢測;2005年02期

4 鄒向陽;蘇志鵬;周小林;;嵌入式Linux睡眠監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)[J];儀表技術(shù);2015年01期

，

本文編號(hào)：2373457