【摘要】：2012年我國的線材總產(chǎn)量達到13616萬噸,占全世界線材總產(chǎn)量的三分之一,也成為世界第一線材大國,但是我國還不能稱作世界線材強國,因為由于線材運用場合的不同,對其品質(zhì)的要求也越來越高,包括線材的材質(zhì)均勻性、內(nèi)部張力的均勻性、抗疲勞性等等,但我國生產(chǎn)的線材與世界工業(yè)發(fā)達國家還有一定差距,高精尖優(yōu)質(zhì)線材還需要依靠進口,消耗大量外匯。而提高線材質(zhì)量的重點在于對其冷卻階段的控制,斯太爾摩冷卻線是現(xiàn)在運用最廣泛、最高效的線材冷卻方法,它通過控制線材冷卻過程中的溫降來保證線材內(nèi)部的金相變化的穩(wěn)定性,對線材成品的內(nèi)部組織、力學性能及二次氧化均有重要的影響。但是對于整個冷卻過程中的溫度變化一直都使用的是經(jīng)驗判斷方法,由散卷重疊、冷卻風風量分布不均所造成的散卷溫度分布差異信息無法獲取,沒有成熟完善的設(shè)備進行精確的溫度監(jiān)控,很難保證線材內(nèi)部各處的金相變化的一致性。因此,本課題在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了研發(fā)一種基于紅外圖像信息及光譜分析原理,同時完成散卷軋件運行監(jiān)視及其溫度實時檢測的特種監(jiān)測產(chǎn)品。通過紅外熱像技術(shù)測量全視場范圍內(nèi)散卷軋件溫度,從而獲得散卷軋件沿運行方向上的溫度變化數(shù)據(jù),并實現(xiàn)溫度分布的可視化,直觀監(jiān)視金相相變點,也可對控制冷卻工藝效能進行驗證,有利于對現(xiàn)有的系統(tǒng)進一步地改進、優(yōu)化。本論文工作主要包括以下的幾項內(nèi)容：1.從紅外測溫的基本原理普朗克輻射定律開始一步一步推導出雙波長比色測溫法的基本公式及設(shè)備修正因子K；2.進行系統(tǒng)設(shè)備的原理設(shè)計,分析現(xiàn)場環(huán)境對測溫所選取波長的影響,選擇最優(yōu)波長、分析計算大氣紅外輻射等其他影響測量的因素,并對光學鏡組進行優(yōu)化設(shè)計,提供更高的能量利用率；3.現(xiàn)場軟件的流程設(shè)計,對相機采集同步功能的運用以及對其他軟件模塊的設(shè)計及編寫；4.對完成的設(shè)備進行黑體爐實驗并進行設(shè)備參數(shù),曝光時間、同步校正、設(shè)備修正因子K,的標定；5.對采集的圖像數(shù)據(jù)進行直方圖濾波、邊緣提取等操作,以用來提取更清楚的圖像信息,同時對于兩臺相機的錯位關(guān)系進行校正,尋找對應關(guān)系；6.最后展示了在線運行的實驗結(jié)果,并進行了誤差分析。
[Abstract]:In 2012, the total output of wire rod in China reached 136.16 million tons, accounting for 1/3 of the total output of wire rod in the world, and China has also become the largest country in the world. However, China cannot be called a powerful country in wire rod production in the world, because of the difference in the use of wire rod. The requirements for its quality are also becoming higher and higher, including the uniformity of wire material, the uniformity of internal tension, fatigue resistance and so on. However, the wire rod produced in our country still has a certain gap with the developed industrial countries in the world. High-quality wire also needs to rely on imports, consuming a large amount of foreign exchange. The key to improving the quality of wire rod is to control the cooling stage of wire rod. Steelmo cooling line is the most widely used and most efficient cooling method for wire rod. It can ensure the stability of metallographic changes in the wire by controlling the temperature drop in the cooling process of the wire rod, and has an important effect on the internal structure, mechanical properties and secondary oxidation of the wire products. However, for the temperature variation in the whole cooling process, the empirical judgment method is used all the time. The difference information of the temperature distribution caused by the unevenness of the distribution of the air volume of the cooling wind can not be obtained, because of the overlap of the scattered wind and the uneven distribution of the cooling air volume. Without sophisticated equipment for precise temperature monitoring, it is difficult to ensure the consistency of metallographic changes throughout the wire. Therefore, based on the theory of infrared image information and spectral analysis, a special monitoring product based on infrared image information and spectrum analysis is proposed in this paper, which can be used to monitor the operation of unrolled workpiece and to detect the temperature in real time at the same time. In this paper, the temperature of unrolled rolled piece in the whole field of view is measured by infrared thermal imaging technology, and the temperature change data along the running direction are obtained, and the visualization of temperature distribution is realized, and the metallographic phase transition point is directly monitored. The efficiency of the controlled cooling process can also be verified, which is conducive to the further improvement and optimization of the existing system. The work of this thesis mainly includes the following contents: 1. From the basic principle of infrared temperature measurement, Planck's radiation law, the basic formula of dual-wavelength colorimetric temperature measurement method and the equipment correction factor K _ (2) are derived step by step. The principle of the system equipment is designed, the influence of the field environment on the selected wavelength of the temperature measurement is analyzed, the optimum wavelength is selected, the other factors affecting the measurement, such as the infrared radiation of the atmosphere, are analyzed and calculated, and the optimum design of the optical mirror group is carried out. Provide higher energy efficiency; 3. Field software flow design, the use of camera acquisition synchronization function and other software modules design and writing; 4. Complete blackbody furnace experiments and equipment parameters, exposure time, synchronization correction, equipment correction factor K, calibration; 5. Histogram filtering, edge extraction and other operations are used to extract clearer image information. At the same time, the dislocation relationship between the two cameras is corrected to find the corresponding relationship. 6. Finally, the experimental results of online operation are presented, and the error analysis is carried out.
【學位授予單位】：安徽大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TG335;TP274

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