【摘要】：近些年,隨著我國(guó)公共基礎(chǔ)產(chǎn)業(yè)的蓬勃發(fā)展,在國(guó)民生活中,電纜及其導(dǎo)線(xiàn)成為國(guó)民生活基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。鋁合金線(xiàn)纜應(yīng)用日益廣泛,但我國(guó)鋁合金纜線(xiàn)品種相對(duì)少,難以滿(mǎn)足現(xiàn)代電力更加苛刻的要求。本論文通過(guò)某線(xiàn)纜廠(chǎng)實(shí)踐現(xiàn)狀發(fā)現(xiàn)高強(qiáng)度鋁合金導(dǎo)線(xiàn)在生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中存在跳線(xiàn)、表面擦傷、單線(xiàn)斷裂缺股、過(guò)扭、鋁桿雜質(zhì)導(dǎo)致的單絲表面三角口等問(wèn)題,擬采用向2024鋁合金添加不同含量鋰元素,通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)室對(duì)少量的鋁合金組織及電學(xué)性能研究,通過(guò)電阻爐熔煉、制樣,使用金相顯微鏡、SEM、拉伸壓力試驗(yàn)機(jī)、顯微硬度計(jì)、霍爾測(cè)試系統(tǒng)等儀器測(cè)試其組織及電學(xué)性能。通過(guò)對(duì)不同鋰含量對(duì)2024鋁合金組織及電學(xué)性能的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),隨著鋰元素的添加,生成的Al_2CuLi相對(duì)合金硬度起到增強(qiáng)效果,經(jīng)過(guò)均勻化處理后,亞穩(wěn)定相Al_2CuLi相變?yōu)锳l_2Cu相,分散在晶界處,LaCl和NaHB6反應(yīng)生成LaB6,起到細(xì)化晶粒的作用;通過(guò)對(duì)其拉伸性能的測(cè)試,鋰元素的添加對(duì)合金的抗拉強(qiáng)度起到了促進(jìn)作用,觀(guān)察試樣拉伸斷口掃描電鏡照片發(fā)現(xiàn)均為滑移開(kāi)裂和沿晶斷裂的混合型斷裂,斷口處韌窩較深,延伸性較好;通過(guò)對(duì)其硬度的測(cè)試,鋰元素的添加提高合金硬度有提高作用;通過(guò)對(duì)其電學(xué)性能的測(cè)試,鋰元素的添加量為1.1%時(shí),合金的導(dǎo)電性能優(yōu)良。通過(guò)鋰元素的添加,可以提高合金的機(jī)械性能,保證一定的導(dǎo)電性能,起到對(duì)線(xiàn)纜廠(chǎng)使用高強(qiáng)度合金鑄棒的性能改善作用,對(duì)新疆地區(qū)高強(qiáng)度鋁合金輸變電產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展具有促進(jìn)意義。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of China's public basic industry, cables and wires have become the infrastructure of national life in the national life. Aluminum alloy cable is widely used, but the variety of aluminum alloy cable in China is relatively few, so it is difficult to meet the more demanding requirements of modern power. In this paper, through the practice of a cable factory, it is found that there are some problems in the production process of high strength aluminum alloy wire, such as jumper wire, surface scratch, single wire fracture and lack of strands, torsion, triangulation of single wire surface caused by aluminum rod impurity, and so on. By adding different lithium elements to 2024 aluminum alloy, the microstructure and electrical properties of a small amount of aluminum alloy were studied in laboratory. The microstructure and electrical properties of 2024 aluminum alloy were studied by means of electric resistance furnace melting, sample preparation, metallographic microscope, SEM, tensile pressure tester and microhardness tester. Hall test system and other instruments to test its structure and electrical properties. Through the study of the microstructure and electrical properties of 2024 aluminum alloy with different lithium content, it is found that with the addition of lithium, the Al_2CuLi can enhance the hardness of the alloy and be homogenized. The metastable Al_2CuLi phase is transformed into Al_2Cu phase and dispersed at grain boundaries. The reaction of LaCl and NaHB6 produces LaB6, to refine the grain. The tensile strength of the alloy was promoted by the addition of lithium element. The SEM photos of the tensile fracture of the alloy showed that the tensile fracture was mixed mode fracture with slip crack and intergranular fracture, and the dimple at the fracture surface was deep. Good extensibility; By testing the hardness of the alloy, the addition of lithium element can improve the hardness of the alloy, and the electrical properties of the alloy can be improved by testing the electrical properties of the alloy, and the electrical conductivity of the alloy is excellent when the addition of lithium element is 1.1. Through the addition of lithium element, the mechanical properties of the alloy can be improved, and the electrical conductivity can be guaranteed, which can improve the performance of the wire cable factory using high strength alloy casting rod. It will promote the development of high-strength aluminum alloy power transmission and transformation industry in Xinjiang.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昌吉學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TG146.21

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