【摘要】：隨著“工業(yè)4.0”的概念及智能制造技術(shù)的興起,當(dāng)今世界先進(jìn)制造領(lǐng)域的制造設(shè)備正迎來(lái)新一輪變革。工件自定位技術(shù)作為智能制造技術(shù)的重要組成部分,能夠顯著提升機(jī)床工作效率,節(jié)省整體加工時(shí)間,然而光學(xué)制造領(lǐng)域尚未有應(yīng)用工件自定位技術(shù)的相關(guān)報(bào)道。本文主要開(kāi)展工件自定位理論與算法及其在磁流變拋光中的應(yīng)用研究,以期進(jìn)一步提升磁流變拋光設(shè)備的性能和自動(dòng)化水平,全文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:第一,工件自定位理論與算法的研究。研究了工件自定位中工件尋位算法的經(jīng)典形式,并由此提出了一種新算法——同步迭代尋位算法。通過(guò)仿真,比較了不同算法的性能,證明了同步迭代尋位算法的有效性。第二,開(kāi)展了工件自定位中的測(cè)頭半徑補(bǔ)償與測(cè)量點(diǎn)分布優(yōu)化研究。研究了接觸式測(cè)量時(shí),補(bǔ)償測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)中測(cè)頭半徑的方法;建立了測(cè)量點(diǎn)分布優(yōu)化算法,結(jié)合磁流變拋光對(duì)尋位精度的需求,提出了一種工件自定位中的光學(xué)元件測(cè)量策略,并在仿真中實(shí)現(xiàn)了較少測(cè)量點(diǎn)下的高精度尋位。第三,設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)了磁流變拋光機(jī)床工件自定位系統(tǒng)。以加工運(yùn)動(dòng)和測(cè)量運(yùn)動(dòng)互不干涉為原則,對(duì)測(cè)量機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì);對(duì)作為關(guān)鍵元件的測(cè)頭進(jìn)行了性能需求分析及測(cè)試實(shí)驗(yàn);通過(guò)編寫(xiě)工件自定位系統(tǒng)軟件,實(shí)現(xiàn)了測(cè)量過(guò)程的自動(dòng)化,以及加工代碼對(duì)工件位姿的匹配。第四,工件自定位系統(tǒng)的性能測(cè)試與驗(yàn)證。通過(guò)考察去除函數(shù)穩(wěn)定性和光學(xué)元件面形誤差收斂率,驗(yàn)證了自定位系統(tǒng)的工件尋位精度;從工件定位全過(guò)程時(shí)間的角度,驗(yàn)證了自定位系統(tǒng)的工作效率。通過(guò)光學(xué)元件面形修形實(shí)驗(yàn),證明了系統(tǒng)的工業(yè)應(yīng)用能力。
[Abstract]:With the concept of "industry 4.0" and the rise of intelligent manufacturing technology, manufacturing equipment in the world's advanced manufacturing field is undergoing a new round of changes. As an important part of intelligent manufacturing technology, workpiece self-positioning technology can significantly improve the working efficiency of machine tools and save the overall processing time. However, there is no related report on the application of workpiece self-positioning technology in optical manufacturing field. In this paper, the theory and algorithm of workpiece self-localization and its application in magnetorheological polishing are studied in order to further improve the performance and automation level of magnetorheological polishing equipment. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: first, Research on job self-localization theory and algorithm. In this paper, the classical form of workpiece locating algorithm in job self-localization is studied, and a new algorithm, synchronous iterative location finding algorithm, is proposed. Through simulation, the performance of different algorithms is compared, and the effectiveness of synchronous iterative location finding algorithm is proved. Secondly, the radius compensation of probe and the optimization of measuring point distribution in self-positioning of workpiece are carried out. In this paper, the method of compensating the probe radius in the measured data is studied, and the optimum algorithm of measuring point distribution is established. A measurement strategy of optical element in self-positioning of workpiece is put forward according to the requirement of locating precision in MRF. In the simulation, the high precision locating is realized under the few measuring points. Thirdly, the work piece self-positioning system of MRF machine tool is designed and implemented. Based on the principle of non-interference between machining motion and measuring motion, the measuring mechanism is designed. The performance requirement analysis and test experiment of the probe, which is the key component, is carried out, and the software of workpiece self-positioning system is written. The automation of the measurement process and the matching of the position and pose of the workpiece with the machining code are realized. Fourth, the performance test and verification of the workpiece self-positioning system. The stability of the removal function and the convergence rate of the optical element surface error are investigated to verify the job location accuracy of the self-positioning system, and the work efficiency of the self-positioning system is verified from the point of view of the whole process time of the workpiece positioning. The industrial application ability of the system is proved by the experiment of optical element profile modification.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：國(guó)防科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TG659

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