強(qiáng)制對(duì)流攪拌制備7075鋁合金半固態(tài)組織性能研究及數(shù)值模擬
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-10-08 06:41
【摘要】:本文基于機(jī)械攪拌的原理,研發(fā)了強(qiáng)制對(duì)流流變?cè)O(shè)備(Forced Convection Rheoforming Machine,簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)FCR),制備了高質(zhì)量的鋁合金流變壓鑄成形件。研究了工藝參數(shù)對(duì)7075鋁合金半固態(tài)組織形貌的影響規(guī)律,結(jié)合數(shù)值模擬技術(shù)分析了半固態(tài)漿料制備過(guò)程中的各物理場(chǎng)變化,探討了強(qiáng)制對(duì)流條件下晶粒形核長(zhǎng)大的機(jī)理;并采用臨界直徑法,通過(guò)試驗(yàn)與模擬相結(jié)合研究了7075鋁合金不同工藝下的熱裂敏感性。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容和結(jié)果如下: 在澆注溫度640-650℃,攪拌速度200-400r/min,攪拌筒體溫度610-590℃的參數(shù)下制備出初生固相晶粒尺寸70μm,形狀因子0.8的均勻分布的7075合金半固態(tài)組織。流變壓鑄的半固態(tài)漿料在充型時(shí)能減少紊流和飛濺,減少氣孔缺陷,同時(shí)其溫度低能減少凝固收縮引起的縮孔疏松。7075合金流變壓鑄料柄T6熱處理后,平均抗拉強(qiáng)度為538MPa平均伸長(zhǎng)率為3.32%。其斷口含有大量的撕裂嶺和韌窩,性能明顯優(yōu)于普通壓鑄;A380半固態(tài)鋁合金汽車(chē)減震器配件其剖面上氣孔缺陷總面積相比于普通壓鑄減小了27倍。 FCR設(shè)備內(nèi)熔體的混合對(duì)流攪拌改變了熔體內(nèi)部溫度場(chǎng)和成分的擴(kuò)散過(guò)程,使熔體的各物理場(chǎng)能夠迅速均勻,熔體的均勻過(guò)冷狀態(tài)有助于熔體內(nèi)部均勻分布的大量有效形核質(zhì)點(diǎn)能夠大量非均勻形核,靠近器壁或葉片形成的大量晶核也會(huì)在對(duì)流熔體的沖刷作用下游離到熔體內(nèi)部,提高形核率。均勻的溫度場(chǎng)、很小的溫度差、晶粒的自旋不斷改變自身的位置有利于晶粒往各個(gè)方向均勻長(zhǎng)大為球形。適當(dāng)降低筒體溫度和降低澆注溫度有利于熔體獲得更低的均勻溫度,更大的過(guò)冷度,提高形核率;適當(dāng)增大攪拌速度能讓熔體的溫度更快的均勻,最高溫度和最低溫度差更小,有利于晶粒的各向均勻生長(zhǎng)。 直徑小的試棒心部和邊部熔體都具有更快的冷卻速度,組織的枝晶臂更細(xì)長(zhǎng),其熱裂傾向比直徑大的試棒大,模擬與試驗(yàn)結(jié)果一致。7075鋁合金不同工藝參數(shù)下普通鑄造其熱裂等級(jí)均為256mm2。半固態(tài)熱裂試棒的晶粒形貌隨模具溫度的增加或制備漿料的澆注溫度的降低而明顯細(xì)化圓整,調(diào)高裂紋擴(kuò)展阻力,有助于改善凝固過(guò)程中的熱裂傾向。當(dāng)強(qiáng)制對(duì)流攪拌澆注溫度為650℃,筒體溫度580℃,攪拌速度300r/min,攪拌時(shí)間30s,熱裂模具溫度230℃時(shí),半固態(tài)漿料澆注熱裂試棒的熱裂等級(jí)為100mm2。
[Abstract]:Based on the principle of mechanical stirring, a forced convection rheological equipment (Forced Convection Rheoforming Machine,) was developed to prepare high quality aluminum alloy rheological die casting parts. The effect of process parameters on the morphology of semi-solid microstructure of 7075 aluminum alloy was studied. The physical field changes during the preparation of semi-solid slurry were analyzed by numerical simulation. The mechanism of grain nucleation and growth under forced convection was discussed. The hot cracking sensitivity of 7075 aluminum alloy was studied by means of critical diameter method and simulation. The main contents and results are as follows: under the conditions of pouring temperature of 640-650 鈩,
本文編號(hào):2255806
[Abstract]:Based on the principle of mechanical stirring, a forced convection rheological equipment (Forced Convection Rheoforming Machine,) was developed to prepare high quality aluminum alloy rheological die casting parts. The effect of process parameters on the morphology of semi-solid microstructure of 7075 aluminum alloy was studied. The physical field changes during the preparation of semi-solid slurry were analyzed by numerical simulation. The mechanism of grain nucleation and growth under forced convection was discussed. The hot cracking sensitivity of 7075 aluminum alloy was studied by means of critical diameter method and simulation. The main contents and results are as follows: under the conditions of pouring temperature of 640-650 鈩,
本文編號(hào):2255806
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