熔鹽電解制備Al-Sm中間合金及Sm在鎂合金中的應用研究
發(fā)布時間:2018-08-03 14:30
【摘要】:21世紀是一個高標準的材料時代,趨向于研發(fā)性能卓越、材質(zhì)優(yōu)異,成本低廉以及符合環(huán)保要求的新材料,鎂合金在其中具有舉足輕重的作用。鎂合金的一系列優(yōu)越的性能特點(質(zhì)輕、導熱性好、高比剛度、高比強度等),使得其成為炙手可熱的多領域的熱門材料。然而,鎂合金也有一些棘手的問題亟待解決。鎂合金活潑的化學性質(zhì)使其極易被氧化,并且氧化生成的氧化膜疏松多孔,進而加劇了合金的腐蝕速率,嚴重的阻礙了鎂合金在工業(yè)上的深入發(fā)展與應用。如何有效的解決這一難題,已經(jīng)上升為鎂合金領域的一個熱點與難點問題。稀土金屬的化學活性很高,且RE的熔點(900℃)與鋁合金的熔點(660℃)相差很大,這樣高熔點就會導致稀土易燒損。如果在鋁液中直接加入稀土金屬,也會導致稀土金屬的嚴重燒損,浪費材料,增加成本,且稀土偏析嚴重,因此為了保證稀土元素能充分發(fā)揮作用,通常條件下,以稀土中間合金的形式加入。本文的主要內(nèi)容如下:(1)采用活性陰極合金化法中的液態(tài)陰極電解法制備Al-Sm中間合金。在不同的溫度,不同LiF濃度,不同陰極電流密度下,在SmF3-LiF-Sm2O3熔鹽體系中加Al棒(鋁棒作為液態(tài)陰極),電解30min來制備Al-Sm中間合金,并研究了影響電流效率的因素;對Al-Sm合金進行ICP、XRD、SEM、EDS分析;(2)Sm對AZ91D合金的改性作用。Sm的含量分別為0.1%、0.4%、0.7%、1.0%。采用的分析方法有OM觀察、XRD分析、SEM及EDS分析;采用的實驗方法有失重腐蝕實驗、動電位極化曲線。主要考察Sm對合金的耐腐蝕性能的影響。(3)制備方法(真空熔煉和普通熔煉)對AZ91D+1.0%Sm合金的改性作用。Sm的加入量統(tǒng)一為1.0%。采用的分析方法有OM觀察、XRD分析、SEM及EDS分析;采用的實驗方法有失重腐蝕實驗、動電位極化曲線。主要考察Sm對合金的耐腐蝕性能的影響。(4)單一稀土元素Sm和復合稀土元素La、Ce、Sm對AZ91的改性作用。Sm的加入量為3.0%,La的加入量為1.0%,Ce的加入量為0.7%。采用的分析方法有OM觀察、XRD分析、SEM及EDS分析;采用的實驗方法有失重腐蝕實驗、動電位極化曲線。主要考察單一稀土元素Sm和復合稀土元素La、Ce、Sm對合金的耐腐蝕性能的影響。
[Abstract]:The 21st century is a high standard material era, which tends to develop new materials with excellent performance, excellent material quality, low cost and environmental protection. Magnesium alloy plays an important role in it. Magnesium alloys have a series of excellent properties (light weight, good thermal conductivity, high specific stiffness, high specific strength, etc.), which make them become hot and popular materials in many fields. However, magnesium alloys also have some thorny problems to be solved. The active chemical properties of magnesium alloy make it easy to be oxidized, and the oxidizing film is porous and porous, which exacerbates the corrosion rate of magnesium alloy and seriously hinders the further development and application of magnesium alloy in industry. How to solve this problem effectively has become a hot and difficult problem in magnesium alloy field. The chemical activity of rare earth metals is very high, and the melting point of RE (900 鈩,
本文編號:2162044
[Abstract]:The 21st century is a high standard material era, which tends to develop new materials with excellent performance, excellent material quality, low cost and environmental protection. Magnesium alloy plays an important role in it. Magnesium alloys have a series of excellent properties (light weight, good thermal conductivity, high specific stiffness, high specific strength, etc.), which make them become hot and popular materials in many fields. However, magnesium alloys also have some thorny problems to be solved. The active chemical properties of magnesium alloy make it easy to be oxidized, and the oxidizing film is porous and porous, which exacerbates the corrosion rate of magnesium alloy and seriously hinders the further development and application of magnesium alloy in industry. How to solve this problem effectively has become a hot and difficult problem in magnesium alloy field. The chemical activity of rare earth metals is very high, and the melting point of RE (900 鈩,
本文編號:2162044
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