本文選題：化學(xué)鍍 + Ni-W-P�。� 參考：《華南理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：碳素鋼是常用構(gòu)件如電網(wǎng)線夾和螺栓等的典型用材之一。在沿海地區(qū)，由于大氣環(huán)境的侵蝕性較強(qiáng)，碳素鋼制品更易因腐蝕而失效，嚴(yán)重威脅電網(wǎng)安全、經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行，因此對(duì)其進(jìn)行表面耐蝕強(qiáng)化處理十分必要�；瘜W(xué)鍍作為一種新興的性價(jià)比高、節(jié)能、節(jié)材且環(huán)保的表面工程技術(shù)，能賦予材料優(yōu)異的防腐、耐磨等綜合性能，因此成為材料保護(hù)技術(shù)重要的研究領(lǐng)域。本文以Q235碳鋼基材為研究對(duì)象，對(duì)其N(xiāo)i-Fe-P和Ni-W-P化學(xué)鍍體系進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的研究。論文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容及結(jié)論如下： 1）工藝優(yōu)化分別以硫酸鎳和硫酸亞鐵/鎢酸鈉為Ni-Fe-P/Ni-W-P化學(xué)鍍主鹽，以鍍液穩(wěn)定性、鍍速、鍍層硬度、鍍層P和Fe/W元素含量及其耐蝕性為主要技術(shù)指標(biāo)，基于有效組分篩選結(jié)果，以單因素實(shí)驗(yàn)分別對(duì)主鹽、還原劑、絡(luò)合劑、緩沖劑和穩(wěn)定劑的添加量以及鍍液溫度和鍍液初始pH值對(duì)施鍍效果的影響規(guī)律進(jìn)行了研究。經(jīng)綜合分析，鎖定鍍液穩(wěn)定、鍍速高、鍍層綜合質(zhì)量?jī)?yōu)異的化學(xué)鍍最佳工藝如下：Ni-Fe-P化學(xué)鍍：NiSO4·6H2O30g/L， FeSO4·7H2O4.76g/L， HBO36.88g/L，(NH4)2SO424.50g/L，，NaH2PO2·H2O23.59g/L，C6H5Na3O7·2H2O52.36g/L， T901℃，pH9.0；Ni-W-P化學(xué)鍍：NiSO4·6H2O30g/L，Na2WO4·2H2O40g/L，C6H5Na3O7·2H2O60.83g/L，NaH2PO2·H2O18g/L，C3H6O314.03g/L，(NH4)2SO425.68g/L，H2NCSNH20.02mg/L，T901℃，pH9.0。 2）典型試樣微觀形貌、成分及硬度分析對(duì)最佳化學(xué)鍍工藝所獲鍍層分別進(jìn)行了SEM、EDS和顯微硬度分析。表面和截面SEM分析結(jié)果表明：鍍層與基體結(jié)合緊密，無(wú)明顯界面，鍍層厚度分布十分均勻。其中Ni-Fe-P鍍層致密，厚度16.10μm；Ni-W-P鍍層致密，厚度12.68μm。EDS分析結(jié)果表明：Ni-Fe-P鍍層化學(xué)成分及其含量為8.72%Fe、8.00%P和83.28%Ni；Ni-W-P鍍層化學(xué)成分及其含量為5.23%W、8.31%P和86.40%Ni。顯微硬度測(cè)試結(jié)果表明：Ni-Fe-P和Ni-W-P鍍層鍍態(tài)硬度分別為534HV和539HV。 3）典型試樣腐蝕防護(hù)性能綜合測(cè)試對(duì)最佳化學(xué)鍍工藝所獲鍍層進(jìn)行了腐蝕防護(hù)性能的綜合測(cè)試。50℃、3.5%NaCl溶液全浸腐蝕實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：與碳鋼基體比較，Ni-Fe-P和Ni-W-P合金鍍層試樣的耐蝕性能顯著提高，且相同厚度的Ni-W-P鍍層的耐蝕能力優(yōu)于Ni-Fe-P鍍層。電化學(xué)動(dòng)電位極化曲線測(cè)試結(jié)果表明：Ni-W-P和Ni-Fe-P鍍層試樣的自腐蝕電流密度分別是基體試樣的1.11%、2.12%，其開(kāi)路電位分別比基體的開(kāi)路電位提高239mV和158mV。
[Abstract]:Carbon steel is one of the typical materials for common components, such as wire clamp and bolt. In coastal areas, because of the strong erosion of atmospheric environment, carbon steel products are more vulnerable to corrosion, which seriously threatens the safety of power grid and economic operation. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out the surface corrosion resistance strengthening mechanism. Electroless plating is a new kind of cost performance. High, energy saving, wood saving and environmentally friendly surface engineering technology can give the material excellent anticorrosion, wear resistance and other comprehensive properties, so it has become an important research field of material protection technology. This paper takes Q235 carbon steel substrate as the research object and studies the system of Ni-Fe-P and Ni-W-P electroless plating system. The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows:
1) the main salt was plated by nickel sulfate and ferrous sulfate / sodium tungstate, with the stability of the bath, the speed of the plating, the hardness of the coating, the content of the P and Fe/W elements and the corrosion resistance of the coating as the main technical indexes. Based on the effective component screening results, the main salt, reducing agent, complexing agent, buffer and stabilizer were respectively on the basis of single factor experiment. The effect of the addition amount, the plating solution temperature and the initial pH value of the plating solution on the plating effect was studied. After comprehensive analysis, the best electroless plating process for the plating bath was stable, the plating rate was high and the overall quality of the coating was excellent as follows: Ni-Fe-P electroless plating: NiSO4. 6H2O30g/L, FeSO4. 7H2O4.76g/L, HBO36.88g/L, NH4 2SO424.50g/L, NaH2PO2. H2O23 .59g/L, C6H5Na3O7 / 2H2O52.36g/L, T901 C, pH9.0; Ni-W-P electroless plating: NiSO4. 6H2O30g/L, Na2WO4 2H2O40g/L, C6H5Na3O7 2H2O60.83g/L.
2) the microstructure, composition and hardness of typical samples were analyzed by SEM, EDS and microhardness analysis of the best electroless plating process. The surface and cross section SEM analysis showed that the coating was close to the matrix, without obvious interface, and the thickness distribution of the coating was very uniform. The Ni-Fe-P coating in the coating was compact, the thickness of the coating was 16.10 mu m; the Ni-W-P coating was used. The compact and thickness 12.68 m.EDS analysis results show that the chemical composition and content of the Ni-Fe-P coating are 8.72%Fe, 8.00%P and 83.28%Ni. The chemical composition and content of the Ni-W-P coating are 5.23%W, 8.31%P and 86.40%Ni. microhardness test results show that the hardness of the Ni-Fe-P and Ni-W-P coating is divided into 534HV and impurities in the plating state of the Ni-Fe-P and Ni-W-P coatings.
3) the comprehensive test of corrosion protection performance of typical sample corrosion protection performance of the best electroless plating process is.50 C, and the results of 3.5%NaCl solution full immersion corrosion test show that the corrosion resistance of Ni-Fe-P and Ni-W-P alloy coatings is significantly improved and the corrosion resistance of Ni-W-P coating with the same thickness is compared with that of carbon steel matrix. The test results of electrochemical potential polarization curve show that the self corrosion current density of Ni-W-P and Ni-Fe-P coatings is 1.11%, 2.12%, respectively, and the open potential of the substrate is higher than that of the base body 239mV and 158mV., respectively.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TG174.4

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