本文選題：精密裝配 + 可靠操作��； 參考：《大連理工大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：零件裝配是微小慣性器件生產(chǎn)制造過(guò)程中的重要環(huán)節(jié),直接影響器件的性能。裝配的可靠性是實(shí)現(xiàn)微小零件裝配系統(tǒng)設(shè)備應(yīng)用的保證。隨著零件的微小化,表面力對(duì)零件拾取與釋放的影響增加,尤其是在釋放過(guò)程中,吸附頭與零件之間的表面力導(dǎo)致的位置誤差會(huì)影響裝配精度,因此微小慣性器件裝配中零件的可靠拾取與釋放是裝配成功與否的關(guān)鍵。本文需要裝配的微小慣性器件由七個(gè)零件組成,其中三個(gè)為薄片類(lèi)零件,最小質(zhì)量為0.4g,零件的拾取方式采用真空吸附。為了減小裝配時(shí)粘附力對(duì)零件裝配精度帶來(lái)的影響,分別對(duì)范德華力、靜電力和毛細(xì)作用力三種粘附力進(jìn)行了分析,研究了不同力的產(chǎn)生機(jī)理與影響因素,為減弱粘附力提供了一定的理論參考。設(shè)計(jì)并搭建了微力測(cè)量裝置用于測(cè)量裝配作業(yè)時(shí)吸附頭和零件接觸表面間的粘附力,針對(duì)上述三個(gè)零件,分別研究了不同的分離速度、加載的裝配力和時(shí)間、吸附頭材料及環(huán)境濕度等參數(shù)對(duì)粘附力的影響規(guī)律。測(cè)量實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：分離速度、加載裝配力時(shí)間對(duì)橡膠吸附頭和硅、鍍金材料零件間的粘附力影響較大,粘附力隨著參數(shù)值的增加顯著增大,而對(duì)吸附頭和氮化鋁材料零件間的粘附力影響微弱；在加載的20-80mN裝配力范圍內(nèi)變化時(shí),橡膠吸附頭和三種材料零件間的粘附力基本保持穩(wěn)定；聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)材料吸附頭能顯著減小和三種材料零件間的粘附力；環(huán)境濕度對(duì)橡膠吸附頭和三種材料零件間的粘附力影響顯著,粘附力都隨著濕度的增加而顯著增大,但當(dāng)濕度超過(guò)60%時(shí),硅材料零件和橡膠吸附頭間的粘附力大小基本穩(wěn)定。綜上,以吸附方式拾取微小零件時(shí)作業(yè)環(huán)境的濕度應(yīng)盡量小,吸附頭采用PTFE材料,分離速度和裝配力加載時(shí)間應(yīng)在合適的范圍內(nèi)選擇較小的值有利于減小粘附力以提高裝配的精度。上述研究工作為微小薄片類(lèi)零件的可靠釋放與高精度裝配提供了技術(shù)手段和實(shí)驗(yàn)依據(jù)。針對(duì)已有裝配系統(tǒng)流程單一,不靈活的缺點(diǎn),本文對(duì)其進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,研究制定了可從不同的零件開(kāi)始裝配的裝配流程,在Microsoft Visual C++平臺(tái)上開(kāi)發(fā)了精密裝配系統(tǒng)的控制軟件程序,系統(tǒng)可選擇從任意零件開(kāi)始完成后續(xù)整個(gè)組件的裝配任務(wù)。裝配實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,優(yōu)化后的裝配軟件提高了系統(tǒng)裝配效率和靈活性。
[Abstract]:The assembly of parts is an important part in the manufacturing process of micro inertial devices, which directly affects the performance of the devices. The reliability of assembly is the guarantee to realize the equipment application of small parts assembly system. With the miniaturization of the parts, the influence of the surface force on the pickup and release of the parts increases, especially in the process of release, the position error caused by the surface force between the adsorbent head and the parts will affect the assembly accuracy. Therefore, the key to successful assembly is the reliable pickup and release of parts in the assembly of micro inertial devices. The micro inertial device which needs to be assembled in this paper consists of seven parts, three of which are thin sheet parts with a minimum mass of 0.4 g. Vacuum adsorption is used to pick up the parts. In order to reduce the influence of adhesion force on assembly precision of parts, three kinds of adhesion forces, namely van der Waals force, electrostatic force and capillary force, were analyzed, and the mechanism and influencing factors of different forces were studied. It provides a theoretical reference for reducing the adhesion force. A micro force measuring device is designed and built to measure the adhesion force between the adsorbent head and the contact surface of the parts during assembly operation. For the three parts mentioned above, the different separation speed, the loading assembly force and the time are studied respectively. The influence of adsorption head material and environmental humidity on adhesion force. The experimental results show that the separation speed, loading and assembling time have great influence on the adhesion between the rubber adsorbent head and silicon, and the adhesion force increases with the increase of the parameter value. The adhesion force between the adsorbent head and the aluminum nitride parts is weak, and the adhesive force between the rubber adsorbent head and the three material parts remains stable when the loading range of 20-80mN assembly force is changed. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material adsorption head can significantly reduce the adhesion force between the three material parts, and the environmental humidity has a significant effect on the adhesive force between the rubber adsorption head and the three materials parts, and the adhesion force increases with the increase of humidity. However, when the humidity exceeds 60, the adhesion between the silicon parts and the rubber adsorption head is basically stable. In summary, the working environment humidity should be as small as possible when picking up small parts by adsorption. PTFE material is used for adsorption head. The separation speed and the loading time of assembly force should be chosen in a suitable range to reduce the adhesion force and improve the assembly accuracy. The above research work provides the technical means and experimental basis for reliable release and high precision assembly of micro sheet parts. Aiming at the disadvantage of single and inflexible assembly system flow, this paper optimizes the assembly process, studies and formulates the assembly process that can be assembled from different parts, and develops the control software program of precision assembly system on Microsoft Visual C platform. The system can choose from any part to complete the assembly task of the following whole component. The assembly experiment results show that the optimized assembly software improves the assembly efficiency and flexibility of the system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TG95

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