本文選題：圓盤(pán)式刀庫(kù) + 故障分析　； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：生產(chǎn)制造業(yè)的大力發(fā)展促使了國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷進(jìn)步，隨之也拉動(dòng)了數(shù)控機(jī)床的需求和銷量，使得其作用日益凸顯，應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域也越來(lái)越廣泛。近年來(lái)，國(guó)家對(duì)數(shù)控裝備的投入逐漸增大，我國(guó)數(shù)控機(jī)床的發(fā)展也取得了明顯進(jìn)步，逐步向多功能、高精度、高效率的方向發(fā)展。然而，國(guó)產(chǎn)數(shù)控機(jī)床同國(guó)外同類產(chǎn)品相比，仍存在不小差距，尤其是在高端數(shù)控機(jī)床領(lǐng)域，機(jī)床的先進(jìn)功能和性能指標(biāo)不能維持，可靠性水平偏低，嚴(yán)重影響了國(guó)產(chǎn)數(shù)控機(jī)床的聲譽(yù)和市場(chǎng)占有率。功能部件的可靠性對(duì)數(shù)控機(jī)床整機(jī)的可靠性有重要影響，如數(shù)控車床的轉(zhuǎn)塔刀架、加工中心的刀庫(kù)及機(jī)械手等是國(guó)產(chǎn)數(shù)控機(jī)床可靠性的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，成為影響整機(jī)可靠性水平的關(guān)鍵部件。 通過(guò)搭建數(shù)控機(jī)床關(guān)鍵功能部件可靠性試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)，對(duì)機(jī)床的關(guān)鍵功能部件進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)期的實(shí)驗(yàn)室可靠性臺(tái)架試驗(yàn)，暴露和激發(fā)其潛在的故障和薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，提出有效的改進(jìn)建議和措施并實(shí)施，對(duì)促進(jìn)機(jī)床功能部件乃至機(jī)床整機(jī)可靠性水平的提升具有重要的意義。本文以國(guó)產(chǎn)加工中心某YP系列圓盤(pán)式刀庫(kù)為研究對(duì)象，結(jié)合實(shí)驗(yàn)室現(xiàn)有圓盤(pán)式刀庫(kù)可靠性試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)，，完成了刀庫(kù)可靠性試驗(yàn)過(guò)程狀態(tài)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的研制與開(kāi)發(fā)，該系統(tǒng)不僅有利于提高刀庫(kù)可靠性試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)的自動(dòng)化能力和自我保護(hù)能力，也為后續(xù)進(jìn)行刀庫(kù)運(yùn)行過(guò)程的故障預(yù)警和故障診斷奠定了基礎(chǔ)。 論文首先對(duì)圓盤(pán)式刀庫(kù)的具體結(jié)構(gòu)和功能進(jìn)行了研究分析，并結(jié)合長(zhǎng)期的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)跟蹤試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)，深入剖析了圓盤(pán)式刀庫(kù)常見(jiàn)故障類別以及故障發(fā)生的原因。 在刀庫(kù)故障原因分析的基礎(chǔ)上，論文研究了圓盤(pán)式刀庫(kù)狀態(tài)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的功能需求與設(shè)計(jì)思路。根據(jù)刀庫(kù)結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)和監(jiān)控信號(hào)的不同，確定了監(jiān)控方案，研制了圓盤(pán)式刀庫(kù)狀態(tài)監(jiān)控硬件系統(tǒng)。 論文基于可視化編程語(yǔ)言Visual Basic6.0和Access數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)開(kāi)發(fā)了圓盤(pán)式刀庫(kù)狀態(tài)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)軟件。該軟件面向?qū)ο笤O(shè)計(jì)、具有較好的人機(jī)交互性，主要包括用戶信息管理、試驗(yàn)信息管理、狀態(tài)信號(hào)監(jiān)控等模塊。用戶信息管理的設(shè)計(jì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了多用戶需求，保證了系統(tǒng)操作的規(guī)范化和安全性。試驗(yàn)信息管理的設(shè)計(jì)為用戶了解、查詢和更新整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的配置信息以及刀庫(kù)的故障狀態(tài)等信息提供了便捷的通道。作為系統(tǒng)的核心部分，狀態(tài)信號(hào)監(jiān)控模塊的設(shè)計(jì)充分利用了傳感器技術(shù)和計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的特點(diǎn)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)刀庫(kù)電流、溫度、振動(dòng)信號(hào)的實(shí)時(shí)高速采集和存儲(chǔ)；并結(jié)合數(shù)字信號(hào)濾波技術(shù)和時(shí)域分析技術(shù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)采集信號(hào)的波形輸出預(yù)處理和特征量提取等功能。此外，通過(guò)上位機(jī)VB編程和下位機(jī)PLC設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)刀庫(kù)掉刀狀態(tài)信號(hào)的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控程序開(kāi)發(fā)，并對(duì)換刀過(guò)程中發(fā)生的掉刀故障現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行報(bào)警。整個(gè)軟件系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)中進(jìn)行了Access數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的開(kāi)發(fā)，保證了系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)信息的完整性與訪問(wèn)便捷性。 通過(guò)大量的綜合試驗(yàn)分析可知，圓盤(pán)式刀庫(kù)狀態(tài)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)對(duì)刀庫(kù)可靠性試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)信息的操作與管理以及狀態(tài)信號(hào)監(jiān)控等功能，達(dá)到了設(shè)計(jì)目的，對(duì)提高圓盤(pán)式刀庫(kù)的可靠性具有重要的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:The development of the production and manufacturing industry has promoted the continuous progress of the national economy, which has also led to the demand and sales of CNC machine tools, which makes its role increasingly prominent, and the application field is becoming more and more extensive. In recent years, the investment of the national CNC equipment has been gradually increased, and the development of CNC machine beds has also made obvious progress and gradually to multifunction, However, the domestic CNC machine tools still have no small gap compared with the similar products abroad. Especially in the field of high-end CNC machine tools, the advanced functions and performance indexes of the machine tools can not be maintained and the level of reliability is low, which seriously affects the reputation and market share of the domestic CNC machine tools. The dependability has an important influence on the reliability of the CNC machine tool, such as the turret tool frame of the CNC lathe, the tool library and the manipulator of the machining center, which are the weak links of the reliability of the CNC machine tools made in China, and become the key components that affect the reliability level of the whole machine.
By setting up the reliability test system of key functional components of CNC machine tools, a long-term laboratory reliability bench test is carried out on the key functional parts of the machine tool, and the potential faults and weak links are exposed and stimulated, and the effective improvement suggestions and measures are put forward to promote the reliability level of the machine bed functional components and the machine tools. In this paper, the development and development of the state monitoring system for the reliability test process of the tool storehouse are completed with a YP series disc tool library of a domestic manufacturing center as the research object and the existing disk type tool library reliability test system in the laboratory. The system is not only beneficial to improve the automation of the tool library reliability test system. Ability and self protection ability also lay a foundation for subsequent fault prediction and fault diagnosis in the operation of tool magazine.
In this paper, the specific structure and function of the disc knife library are studied and analyzed, and the common fault categories and the causes of the failure are analyzed in depth with the long-term field tracking test data.
On the basis of the analysis of the cause of the fault of the knife base, the paper studies the function requirement and design idea of the state monitoring system of the disc knife library. According to the structure characteristics of the knife base and the difference of the monitoring signal, the monitoring scheme is determined, and the hardware system of the state monitoring and control of the disc type knife library is developed.
Based on the visual programming language Visual Basic6.0 and Access database, the paper developed a disc tool database state monitoring system software. The software is designed with a good human-computer interaction, including user information management, test information management, state signal monitoring and so on. The design of user information management has realized multi users. The design of test information management provides a convenient channel for users to understand, query and update the configuration information of the whole system and the failure state of the tool library. As the core part of the system, the design of the state signal monitoring module makes full use of the sensor technology and calculation. The characteristics of the machine technology realize the real-time high-speed acquisition and storage of the current, temperature and vibration signals of the knife library, and combine the digital signal filtering and the time domain analysis technology to realize the function of the waveform output preprocessing and the feature extraction of the acquisition signal. In addition, the tool library is dropped by the VB programming of the upper computer and the PLC design of the lower computer. The real-time monitoring program of the knife state signal is developed, and the phenomenon of the failure of the cutter in the process of changing the knife is alarm. The development of the Access database is carried out in the whole software system design, which ensures the integrity of the system data information and the convenience of the access.
Through a large number of comprehensive test analysis, it can be seen that the disc type tool bank state monitoring system can realize the operation and management of the information of the tool library reliability test system and the state signal monitoring and so on. It has achieved the design goal and has important value for improving the reliability of the disc knife library.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TG659

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