本文選題：氣門 + 3Cr2W8V　； 參考：《華南理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：氣門是發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)關(guān)鍵部件之一,目前國內(nèi)氣門的主要成形方法有兩種,一是電鐓模鍛法,二是擠壓模鍛法。在氣門模鍛成形工藝過程中,熱鍛模具普遍壽命較短。其模具報(bào)廢,不僅會(huì)造成氣門的生產(chǎn)中斷,而且會(huì)浪費(fèi)大量時(shí)間用于更換模具及試模,其用于試模的氣門也將作為廢品處理。所以,氣門模具的壽命不僅關(guān)系到氣門的制造成本,還密切影響了氣門生產(chǎn)工藝的連續(xù)性。本文通過對氣門毛坯的終鍛成形過程進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬和分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)模具R位存在金屬的流動(dòng)劇烈,其R位摩擦作用大,受力變形也大;同時(shí)模具與工件接觸時(shí)間長,尤其是R位始終都與模具接觸,造成模具局部溫度高,這些是導(dǎo)致出現(xiàn)R位失效的主要原因。并對實(shí)際生產(chǎn)中終鍛模具的失效形式進(jìn)行分析,終鍛模具失效主要為圓角R位磨損、R位微細(xì)裂紋、整體斷裂、R位表面拉傷等幾種方式,并針對產(chǎn)生失效的具體原因,提出了相應(yīng)的解決策略。本文就目前市場常用的熱作模具鋼H13、HM3、HM1、3Cr2W8V、RM2,分別從高溫韌性、高溫抗拉強(qiáng)度、高溫下耐磨性、熱疲勞性能以及回火穩(wěn)定性上做了對比。并特別針對HM1、H13和3Cr2W8V三種常用的氣門熱作模具鋼,分別對比了其生產(chǎn)壽命,HM1熱作模具鋼具有較為明顯的優(yōu)勢。其次,以市場上廣泛應(yīng)用的3Cr2W8V作為實(shí)驗(yàn)材料,從熱處理淬火、回火的不同溫度方面進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的比較,說明了熱處理對氣門模具的壽命的重要性。之后,通過對模具的設(shè)計(jì)改進(jìn)、機(jī)械加工、潤滑等幾個(gè)方面,進(jìn)行了生產(chǎn)試驗(yàn),其設(shè)計(jì)成組合模具、更高的加工精度以及良好的潤滑效果,都對氣門模具的使用壽命有一定的提高,且大大節(jié)省了模具材料的使用,有效的降低了生產(chǎn)成本。
[Abstract]:Valve is one of the key components of engine. At present, there are two main forming methods of valve in China, one is electric upsetting die forging method, the other is extrusion die forging method. In the process of valve die forging, the life of hot forging die is short. Not only the production of valve will be interrupted, but also a lot of time will be wasted to replace the mould and test the mold. The valve used for the mold test will also be treated as a waste product. Therefore, the life of valve die not only relates to the manufacturing cost of valve, but also affects the continuity of valve production process. Through numerical simulation and analysis of the final forging process of the valve blank, it is found that the metal flow in the R position of the die is intense, the friction action at the R position is large, the deformation of the force is also large, and the contact time between the die and the workpiece is long. Especially, the R bit is always in contact with the mould, which results in the high local temperature of the mould, which is the main reason for the failure of R bit. The failure forms of the die in actual production are analyzed. The failure of the die is mainly caused by micro-cracks at R position and micro-cracks at R position, and the surface tension at R position is broken as a whole, and the specific reasons for the failure are pointed out. The corresponding solutions are put forward. In this paper, the hot work die steel H13 / HM3 / HM1 / 3Cr2W8 / RM2 is compared in terms of high temperature toughness, high temperature tensile strength, wear resistance at high temperature, thermal fatigue property and tempering stability. Especially for HM1H13 and 3Cr2W8V hot working die steels, the advantages of HM1 hot work die steel are compared with those of HM1H13 and 3Cr2W8V hot working die steels. Secondly, using 3Cr2W8V widely used in the market as experimental material, the importance of heat treatment to the life of valve die is explained by comparing the different temperatures of heat treatment quenching and tempering. After that, by improving the design of the die, machining, lubrication and other aspects of the production test, it is designed into a combination die, higher machining accuracy and good lubrication effect. Both of them can improve the service life of valve die, save the use of mould material, and reduce the production cost effectively.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TG315.2

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本文編號(hào)：2019124