本文選題：螺紋硬旋銑 + 多點動態(tài)約束�。� 參考：《南京理工大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：大型絲杠硬旋銑具有時變斷續(xù)沖擊、多點變約束、抱緊裝置動態(tài)夾持等特點,使得絲杠加工過程中“機床-刀具-工件”系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生復雜的動態(tài)響應,從而影響絲杠工件表面完整性、壽命、可靠性等綜合性能。為實現(xiàn)對絲杠銑過程中的優(yōu)化控制,提高螺紋工件加工質量及綜合性能,本課題以八米絲杠旋風銑床及加工后絲杠副為研究對象,分別從螺紋硬旋銑圓弧型切削及二次切削仿真、絲杠加工全長系統(tǒng)動態(tài)特性,以及加工后絲杠副工件綜合性能的評估與優(yōu)化等方面進行了研究。針對螺紋硬旋銑幾何成型機理,基于ABAQUS軟件建立圓弧型切削模型,仿真了切削過程中的切削力,并通過硬旋銑試驗進行了驗證；基于最大瞬時厚度建立了二維正交切削模型,研究了切削速度、切削厚度、刀具前角等切削工藝參數(shù)下切削力、溫度場及殘余應力的變化規(guī)律；建立了二次切削有限元模型,分析了二次切削對切削力、溫度場及殘余應力的影響。針對時變斷續(xù)沖擊和多點動態(tài)約束等特性,建立了基于瑞利梁理論的三向移動力作用下的動力學模型,分析了絲杠加工全長的振動響應情況,并通過硬旋銑試驗進行了驗證；研究了均勻布局條件下浮動支撐及抱緊裝置剛度、浮動支撐個數(shù)及間距對全長動態(tài)響應的影響；以最小的系統(tǒng)振動響應為目標,基于遺傳算法研究了非均勻布局條件下浮動支撐最優(yōu)布局位置。針對絲杠副高可靠性長壽命及試驗臺數(shù)量有限等局限性,提出了基于全周期分段步加策略的小子樣加速壽命試驗方法,開展了絲杠副小子樣加速壽命試驗；為更加全面地評估及提高絲杠副綜合性能,構建了基于熵權和專家知識綜合權重的絲杠副綜合性能多目標評估及優(yōu)化模型。本文在物理行為仿真、系統(tǒng)動力學及絲杠副綜合性能方面的研究成果將進一步完善金屬高速硬旋銑加工的基礎理論,為高品質大型絲杠高效旋銑加工提供理論指導,小子樣加速壽命試驗的研究可用于同類型的細長軸類零件的可靠性評估及壽命預測,在絲杠副綜合性能評估及優(yōu)化方面的研究將為絲杠副性能的提升提供理論支撐,具有顯著的社會經(jīng)濟效益。
[Abstract]:Large screw hard rotary milling has the characteristics of time-varying intermittent impact, multi-point variable constraint, and dynamic clamping of clamping device, which makes the "machine-cutter-workpiece" system produce complex dynamic response in the machining process of the lead screw. Thus affecting the surface integrity, life, reliability and other comprehensive performance of the lead screw workpiece. In order to realize the optimal control of the milling process of the screw and improve the machining quality and comprehensive performance of the thread workpiece, this paper takes the whirlwind milling machine of the 8-meter screw and the pair of the leadscrew after machining as the research object. In this paper, the simulation of spiral cutting and secondary cutting, the dynamic characteristics of full-length lead screw machining system, and the evaluation and optimization of the comprehensive performance of the screw pair after machining are studied respectively. Aiming at the geometric forming mechanism of hard rotary milling of thread, the arc cutting model is established based on ABAQUS software, and the cutting force in the cutting process is simulated and verified by hard rotary milling test, and the two-dimensional orthogonal cutting model is established based on the maximum instantaneous thickness. The variation of cutting force, temperature field and residual stress under cutting parameters such as cutting speed, cutting thickness and cutting tool front angle are studied, the finite element model of secondary cutting is established, and the cutting force of secondary cutting is analyzed. The effect of temperature field and residual stress. In view of the characteristics of time-varying intermittent impact and multi-point dynamic constraint, a dynamic model based on Rayleigh beam theory is established, and the vibration response of the full length of the lead screw machining is analyzed and verified by hard rotating milling test. The effects of stiffness, number and spacing of floating braces on full-length dynamic response under uniform layout are studied, and the minimum vibration response of the system is taken as the target. Based on genetic algorithm, the optimal position of floating support is studied under the condition of non-uniform layout. In view of the limitation of high reliability and limited number of test stands, a method of small sample accelerated life test based on full period piecewise stepping strategy is put forward, and the small sample accelerated life test of lead screw pair is carried out. In order to evaluate and improve the comprehensive performance of the screw pair more comprehensively, a multi-objective evaluation and optimization model of the comprehensive performance of the screw pair based on entropy weight and expert knowledge comprehensive weight was constructed. In this paper, the physical behavior simulation, system dynamics and the comprehensive performance of the screw pair will further improve the basic theory of metal high speed hard rotary milling, and provide theoretical guidance for the high quality and high efficiency rotary milling of large screw. The research of small sample accelerated life test can be used to evaluate the reliability and predict the life of the slender shaft parts of the same type. The research on the comprehensive performance evaluation and optimization of the lead screw pair will provide theoretical support for the improvement of the performance of the lead screw pair. It has remarkable social and economic benefits.
【學位授予單位】：南京理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TG54

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