本文選題：濕法焊接 + 藥芯焊絲電弧焊��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：水下焊接是海洋工業(yè)和水下結(jié)構(gòu)建造維修的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)之一,隨著對深海資源開發(fā)利用的需要愈發(fā)迫切,對水下焊接提出了更高要求。濕法焊接是目前應(yīng)用最廣泛的水下焊接技術(shù),在控制成本、環(huán)境適應(yīng)性、設(shè)備操作靈活性等方面具備優(yōu)勢。然而目前水下濕法焊接多由潛水焊工手動完成,焊接效率低,焊縫質(zhì)量難以保證。自動化是工程建設(shè)制造領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展方向,濕法焊接與自動化技術(shù)的結(jié)合是提高水下焊接質(zhì)量和工作效率的重要方法,發(fā)展前景廣闊。藥芯焊絲焊接(FCAW)是水下濕法焊接自動化發(fā)展的重要方向,本文通過建立濕法FCAW水下焊接試驗平臺,實現(xiàn)了焊接電信號和圖像信息的實時采集存儲,以及濕法焊接過程參數(shù)的計算機自動控制。在此基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計了電信號軟件處理程序,對采集到的電壓電流信號進行了軟件濾波處理及統(tǒng)計分析處理,提取了反映焊接過程質(zhì)量的信號特征參數(shù),為焊接質(zhì)量監(jiān)控、焊接穩(wěn)定性分析提供了電信號信息依據(jù)。利用激光光源開發(fā)了水下濕法焊接主動視覺傳感系統(tǒng),并開發(fā)了相應(yīng)的圖像處理算法,實現(xiàn)了對焊縫成形特征值的提取。焊縫成形效果是衡量焊接接頭質(zhì)量的重要標準,本文通過濕法FCAW焊接試驗,對淺水環(huán)境下濕法FCAW焊縫成形的影響因素進行了研究。在此基礎(chǔ)上,分析了焊縫成形與焊接過程穩(wěn)定性的關(guān)系,建立了焊接工藝參數(shù)與焊縫熔寬、余高值關(guān)系的一次回歸、二次回歸和指數(shù)回歸模型,通過模型擬合程度的統(tǒng)計學(xué)分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)指數(shù)模型標準殘差值小,擬合程度高,適用于焊縫成形控制中。為改善濕法FCAW焊縫成形效果,進行了PID控制和模糊控制系統(tǒng)仿真,根據(jù)仿真結(jié)果設(shè)計模糊控制程序,建立了焊縫熔寬閉環(huán)控制系統(tǒng),并進行了高度方向變化控制試驗和電壓變化控制試驗。從電信號波形分析和試驗結(jié)果來看,濕法FCAW焊接控制系統(tǒng)有效提高了焊接過程穩(wěn)定性,調(diào)節(jié)速度快,消除了咬邊、夾渣、焊瘤等焊接缺陷,焊縫成形波動性減弱,熔寬穩(wěn)定系數(shù)提高了100%以上,在改善焊縫成形質(zhì)量方面有顯著效果。
[Abstract]:Underwater welding is one of the key technologies in the construction and maintenance of marine industry and underwater structures. With the development and utilization of deep-sea resources becoming more and more urgent, higher requirements for underwater welding have been put forward. Wet welding is the most widely used underwater welding technology, which has advantages in cost control, environmental adaptability, equipment operation flexibility and so on. However, the underwater wet welding is mostly accomplished by the submersible welder manually, the welding efficiency is low and the welding quality is difficult to guarantee. Automation is the development direction in the field of engineering construction and manufacturing. The combination of wet welding and automation technology is an important method to improve the quality and working efficiency of underwater welding. Flux-cored wire welding (FCAW) is an important direction of underwater wet welding automation. In this paper, the real-time acquisition and storage of welding electrical signals and image information are realized by establishing a wet FCAW underwater welding test platform. And the automatic control of the parameters of wet welding process by computer. On this basis, the software processing program of electric signal is designed, and the voltage and current signal collected is processed by software filtering and statistical analysis, and the characteristic parameters of signal reflecting the quality of welding process are extracted, which is the monitoring of welding quality. The analysis of welding stability provides the information basis of electric signal. The active vision sensing system of underwater wet welding is developed by using laser light source, and the corresponding image processing algorithm is developed to extract the characteristic value of weld formation. The effect of weld forming is an important standard to evaluate the quality of welded joints. In this paper, the influencing factors of wet FCAW welding in shallow water environment are studied by means of wet FCAW welding test. On this basis, the relationship between weld forming and welding process stability is analyzed, and the primary regression, quadratic regression and exponential regression model of the relationship between welding process parameters and weld width and residual height are established. Through the statistical analysis of the fitting degree of the model, it is found that the standard residual value of the exponential model is small and the fitting degree is high, which is suitable for weld forming control. In order to improve the weld forming effect of wet FCAW, the simulation of PID control and fuzzy control system is carried out. According to the simulation results, the fuzzy control program is designed, and the closed loop control system of weld width is established. The height direction change control test and voltage change control test are also carried out. From the waveform analysis and test results, the wet FCAW welding control system can effectively improve the stability of the welding process, adjust the speed quickly, eliminate the welding defects, such as edge cutting, slag inclusion, welding nodule, etc, and weaken the fluctuation of weld formation. The stability coefficient of weld width is increased by more than 100%, and it has remarkable effect in improving the quality of weld forming.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TG409

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)會議論文 前1條

1 郭寧;劉多;袁新;馮吉才;賈傳寶;;CCSE40鋼水下濕法焊接接頭力學(xué)性能研究[A];第十六次全國焊接學(xué)術(shù)會議論文摘要集[C];2011年

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本文編號：1909161