本文選題：耐磨性 + 感應(yīng)熔覆��； 參考：《青島理工大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：近些年來(lái),我們國(guó)家逐漸重視高性能表面的發(fā)展,投入大量的資金支持,研究對(duì)新材料新工藝的利用。生產(chǎn)當(dāng)中一些機(jī)械零部件工作環(huán)境非常惡劣,在無(wú)法改變機(jī)械設(shè)備工作條件的情況下,為了解決工件表面使用性能的問(wèn)題,如易磨損、高溫變性、易腐蝕等,一方面研究典型零部件的制造材料的相關(guān)性能,材料選用從原先的鑄鐵到后來(lái)的特種金屬合金,從典型非金屬材料(橡膠制品、陶瓷等)再到工程塑料。另一方面研究新的加工工藝方法,提高表面加工質(zhì)量以及加工精度,確保了耐磨件的質(zhì)量要求。運(yùn)用新的表面處理技術(shù)和表面涂覆技術(shù),不僅可以解決典型零部件的耐磨損、耐腐蝕性能,而且還能起到工件重復(fù)利用、降低生產(chǎn)成本的作用。機(jī)械對(duì)其零部件表面的性能有著越來(lái)越高的要求,設(shè)備在高速、高壓、高溫、重載及特殊的工作條件下,表面會(huì)出現(xiàn)一系列的問(wèn)題,如磨損、腐蝕、氧化、失效等,局部表面的損壞往往會(huì)導(dǎo)致整個(gè)零部件失效,這就造成資源很大程度上的浪費(fèi),如果將整個(gè)零部件的材料替換高性能材料,成本就極大地增加了,因此我們考慮只對(duì)零部件的表面進(jìn)行性能改善,既能提高零部件的性能,又能降低生產(chǎn)成本。這項(xiàng)技術(shù)越來(lái)越廣泛的被應(yīng)用到工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中,包括多級(jí)給水泵平衡盤和高速水刀切割噴嘴。多級(jí)給水泵在使用中頻繁檢修造成大量的人力、物力的浪費(fèi),主要檢修內(nèi)容是泵體內(nèi)平衡裝置的使用情況,尤其是平衡環(huán)和平衡盤的失效程度,將直接影響到泵的使用壽命。目前,我國(guó)泵類的產(chǎn)品性能、運(yùn)行效率和使用壽命與發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家相比,還有相當(dāng)大的差距,著力提高泵的運(yùn)行效率,延長(zhǎng)泵的使用壽命,加大維修周期,對(duì)于我國(guó)的節(jié)能減排,減少資源浪費(fèi)等工作具有重要意義。水刀切割技術(shù)是利用拉法爾噴嘴原理來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的,將水流加壓到100兆帕以上經(jīng)出水口噴出,經(jīng)過(guò)砂粒腔口時(shí),砂粒等高硬度顆�；旌细邏核淞髦�,經(jīng)由切割砂管通過(guò)極細(xì)的小孔噴出,對(duì)材料進(jìn)行切割加工。目前,市場(chǎng)上現(xiàn)有的水刀噴嘴大部分是用人工寶石片制作的,但人造寶石裂紋較發(fā)散,缺陷率很高,常見(jiàn)的人工紅寶石內(nèi)部有很多裂紋,在顯微鏡下很容易觀察到,即所謂的“十紅九裂”。本課題主要研究和制作符合工業(yè)要求的高耐磨、耐腐蝕的多級(jí)給水泵平衡環(huán)和高壓水刀噴嘴。在真空環(huán)境中,采用高頻感應(yīng)熔覆技術(shù)制作具有耐磨、耐腐蝕涂層的平衡環(huán)和水刀噴嘴。通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)比涂層材料選用Ni60-A合金粉末,添加20%WC提高涂層的硬度,涂層與基體實(shí)現(xiàn)冶金結(jié)合,從而提高了零部件的耐磨性能。
[Abstract]:In recent years, our country has gradually attached importance to the development of high performance surfaces, invested a lot of funds to study the use of new materials and new processes. In order to solve the problem of workpiece surface performance, such as easy wear, high temperature denaturation, easy corrosion and so on, in order to solve the problem of workpiece surface performance, when the working conditions of mechanical equipment cannot be changed, the working environment of some mechanical parts in production is very bad. On the one hand, the relative properties of manufacturing materials of typical parts are studied. The materials are chosen from cast iron to special metal alloys, from typical nonmetallic materials (rubber products, ceramics, etc.) to engineering plastics. On the other hand, the new processing method is studied to improve the quality and precision of surface processing and ensure the quality requirement of wear-resistant parts. The application of new surface treatment technology and surface coating technology can not only solve the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of typical parts, but also play the role of reusing the workpiece and reducing the production cost. Machinery has higher and higher requirements for the surface performance of its components. Under the conditions of high speed, high pressure, high temperature, heavy load and special working conditions, a series of problems will appear on the surface, such as wear, corrosion, oxidation, failure, etc. Local surface damage often leads to the failure of the entire component, which results in a great waste of resources. If the material of the whole component is replaced with the high performance material, the cost will be greatly increased. Therefore, we consider only improving the surface performance of the parts, which can not only improve the performance of the parts, but also reduce the production cost. This technology has been widely used in industrial production, including multi-stage feed pump balancing disc and high-speed water knife cutting nozzle. The frequent maintenance of multistage feedwater pump causes a lot of waste of manpower and material resources. The main maintenance content is the use of the balancing device in the pump body, especially the failure degree of the balancing ring and the balancing disc, which will directly affect the service life of the pump. At present, the performance, operation efficiency and service life of pump products in our country are far behind those of developed countries. We focus on improving pump operation efficiency, prolonging pump service life, increasing maintenance period, and saving energy and emission reduction for our country. It is of great significance to reduce the waste of resources. The water knife cutting technology is realized by using the Rafal nozzle principle. When the water flow is pressurized above 100 MPA and ejected through the outlet, when passing through the sand cavity, the sand particles and other high hardness particles are mixed in the high pressure water jet. The material is cut and processed by cutting sand pipes through tiny holes. At present, most of the existing water knife nozzles on the market are made of artificial gem chips, but the cracks are more divergent and the defect rate is very high. There are many cracks in the common artificial ruby, which can be easily observed under the microscope. That is, the so-called "ten red nine split." This paper mainly studies and manufactures high wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant multi-stage feed water pump balancing ring and high pressure water knife nozzle. In vacuum environment, the high frequency induction cladding technology was used to fabricate the balance ring and water knife nozzle with wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating. The hardness of coating was improved by adding Ni60-A alloy powder and the metallurgical combination of coating and substrate was realized by comparing the coating material with Ni60-A alloy powder. Thus the wear resistance of parts was improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TG174.4

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