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  本文選題：電解等離子拋光 + 控制系統(tǒng)��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：電解等離子拋光技術(shù)是一種高效高質(zhì)的環(huán)保型表面處理方法,不受工件外形的制約,且加工效果遠(yuǎn)超傳統(tǒng)的拋光方法,具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。鑒于現(xiàn)有的工藝水平對鋁合金的拋光效果不理想,本文從鋁合金配方的角度進(jìn)行研究,通過配方優(yōu)化,以改善鋁合金的拋光效果,進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)該項技術(shù)的產(chǎn)業(yè)化進(jìn)程。在已有的小型電解等離子拋光機(jī)的機(jī)械本體上,通過對電解等離子拋光技術(shù)加工原理的理解,分析了拋光機(jī)的被控對象和控制要求,設(shè)計了以PLC為核心、通過觸摸屏對整機(jī)進(jìn)行操作的控制系統(tǒng),并繪制了試驗機(jī)的電氣原理圖,規(guī)劃了它的控制流程,搭建了一臺完整的小型電解等離子拋光機(jī),為后期的配方優(yōu)化試驗提供了試驗平臺。通過向現(xiàn)有配方中加入添加劑的方法,對鋁合金的配方進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化。試件選擇了1050、5052、6061三種材質(zhì)的鋁合金,先采用全組合試驗,以拋光后鋁合金表面的粗糙度值為評價指標(biāo),對現(xiàn)有配方進(jìn)行分析試驗,得到了三種鋁合金的基礎(chǔ)配方;通過查閱資料,選擇了七種添加劑;在三種鋁合金的基礎(chǔ)配方中,分別添加不同成分的添加劑,采用均分法,選擇出了對拋光效果有所改善的添加劑,完成了添加劑的一次篩選;對篩選后的添加劑進(jìn)行正交試驗,考察混合添加劑對拋光效果的影響,進(jìn)行了添加劑的二次篩選;最后對二次篩選后的添加成分進(jìn)行正交試驗,得出了三種鋁合金最佳的配方組合。為進(jìn)一步提高鋁合金拋光的效果,選取了拋光液的溫度、加工時間兩個因素,設(shè)計了二因素三水平正交試驗,通過試驗結(jié)果分析,得到了三種鋁合金的最佳工藝條件。在優(yōu)化的拋光液配方和最佳工藝條件下,對這三種材質(zhì)的鋁制品進(jìn)行拋光試驗,驗證這三種配方的有效性。通過拋光后鋁制品表面狀態(tài)的對比,可以看出,使用這三種配方進(jìn)行拋光均能改善鋁制品的表面狀態(tài),其中5052的優(yōu)化配方效果最為顯著。
[Abstract]:Electrolytic plasma polishing (ECP) is a kind of environmentally friendly surface treatment method with high efficiency and high quality, which is not restricted by the shape of workpiece, and the machining effect is far better than that of traditional polishing method, so it has a broad application prospect. In view of the fact that the present process level is not ideal for the polishing effect of aluminum alloy, this paper studies the formula of aluminum alloy and optimizes the formula to improve the polishing effect of aluminum alloy and further promote the industrialization process of this technology. On the mechanical body of the existing small electrolytic plasma polishing machine, through the understanding of the machining principle of electrolytic plasma polishing technology, the controlled object and control requirements of the polishing machine are analyzed, and the PLC as the core is designed. The control system of the whole machine is operated by the touch screen, and the electrical schematic diagram of the testing machine is drawn, its control flow is planned, and a complete small electrolytic plasma polishing machine is built. It provides a test platform for the later formula optimization test. The formula of aluminum alloy was optimized by adding additives to the existing formula. Three kinds of aluminum alloys, 1050,50521061, were selected. First, the whole combination test was adopted, and the roughness value of polished aluminum alloy surface was taken as the evaluation index. The existing formulas were analyzed and tested, and the basic formulations of three kinds of aluminum alloys were obtained. In the basic formula of three kinds of aluminum alloy, the additives with different components were added, and the additives which improved the polishing effect were selected by the method of average separation, and the additive was screened in one step. The effects of mixed additives on the polishing effect were investigated by orthogonal test, and the additive was screened twice. Finally, the orthogonal test was carried out on the additive after the second selection. The optimum formula of three kinds of aluminum alloy was obtained. In order to further improve the polishing effect of aluminum alloy, two factors of polishing liquid temperature and processing time were selected, and two factors and three levels orthogonal test were designed. Through the analysis of test results, the optimum technological conditions of three kinds of aluminum alloy were obtained. Under the optimized polishing liquid formula and the optimum technological conditions, the polishing experiments of the three kinds of aluminum products were carried out to verify the validity of the three formulations. By comparing the surface states of polished aluminum products, it can be seen that all the three formulations can improve the surface state of aluminum products, and the optimized formula of 5052 is the most effective.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TG580.692

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本文編號：1828328