薄帶雙輥鑄軋凝固過程組織演變的數(shù)值模擬
本文選題:雙輥鑄軋 + 鎂合金; 參考:《東北大學》2015年博士論文
【摘要】:薄帶雙輥鑄軋技術(shù)作為冶金及材料加工領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的一項前沿技術(shù),因為其短流程及快速凝固的特點,不僅可以提高生產(chǎn)效率、降低成本,還能有效的改善帶坯的性能,同時還可以生產(chǎn)常規(guī)工藝下難以加工的產(chǎn)品。由于雙輥薄帶鑄軋過程中各工藝參數(shù)間的匹配比較復(fù)雜,如果只是采用實驗方法,不僅耗時長、工作量大,還存在一定的盲目性。而通過計算機模擬則可以方便地找出鑄軋過程中各工藝參數(shù)之間的聯(lián)系,得到不同工藝參數(shù)對鑄軋產(chǎn)品的微觀組織以及鑄軋工藝過程穩(wěn)定性的影響,找出其中的規(guī)律性,對于優(yōu)化鑄軋生產(chǎn)工藝,提高薄帶質(zhì)量具有重要的理論意義。 本文基于立式雙輥薄帶鑄軋工藝凝固過程的特點,建立了薄帶鑄軋凝固過程微觀組織演化的數(shù)理模型,并結(jié)合元胞自動機(CA)方法,實現(xiàn)了對薄帶凝固過程的微觀組織演化的數(shù)值模擬。本文的主要研究內(nèi)容如下: (1)運用有限元法來求解鑄軋過程熔池內(nèi)部的三維宏觀傳輸問題,基于鑄軋熔池的形狀特點,采用了智能網(wǎng)格劃分技術(shù),以AZ31B鎂合金為對象研究了不同工藝條件下熔池內(nèi)部的溫度場及流場的分布情況。 (2)建立了基于溶質(zhì)擴散控制的枝晶生長模型,并通過對KGT模型的改進,建立了對流條件下的枝晶尖端生長動力學模型,結(jié)合元胞自動機方法,提出了枝晶生長模型的數(shù)值算法。 (3)通過跟蹤一個隨輥面移動的微區(qū)作為微觀組織模擬區(qū)域,該模擬區(qū)域內(nèi)部的溫度場由宏觀溫度場的結(jié)果通過插值的方法計算,而溶質(zhì)擴散及晶粒的形核生長的計算則在微觀的尺度上進行。隨著模擬區(qū)域與鑄輥同步的移動,實現(xiàn)了對鑄軋凝固微觀組織演化過程的宏微觀耦合模擬。 (4)基于所建立的枝晶生長模型及宏微觀耦合算法,編制了鑄軋薄帶凝固過程微觀組織模擬程序,可以實現(xiàn)對枝晶形貌及晶粒組織演化的可視化模擬。 (5)運用編制的模擬程序,對鎂合金單個等軸晶及多個等軸晶的生長進行了模擬研究,并與實驗結(jié)果進行了對比,兩者吻合較好。對不同工藝條件下,鎂合金薄帶的微觀組織演化進行了模擬,研究了工藝參數(shù)對鎂合金薄帶凝固組織的影響規(guī)律。 (6)運用編制的模擬程序,對3%Si硅鋼單個等軸晶及定向凝固過程的枝晶形貌進行了模擬計算,以此來研究硅鋼凝固過程枝晶的生長特性。對硅鋼凝固過程中柱狀晶向等軸晶的轉(zhuǎn)變(CET)進行了模擬,研究了溫度梯度和冷卻速度對凝固過程中柱狀晶與等軸晶間競爭生長的影響規(guī)律。在此基礎(chǔ)上對不同過熱度條件下硅鋼薄帶的凝固組織進行了模擬,與實驗結(jié)果的對比顯示了兩者具有很好的一致性。通過對不同工藝條件下鑄軋硅鋼薄帶凝固組織的模擬,研究了工藝參數(shù)對薄帶的枝晶間距、柱狀晶區(qū)比例等形貌特征的影響規(guī)律,為鑄軋硅鋼薄帶的工藝優(yōu)化提供了理論依據(jù)。采用流場作用下的枝晶生長動力學模型,結(jié)合“偏心四邊形”CA生長算法,對鑄軋凝固過程中柱狀晶沿著鑄軋方向傾斜的現(xiàn)象進行了模擬,模擬結(jié)果與實驗結(jié)果取得了很好的一致。
[Abstract]:As one of the frontier technologies in the field of metallurgy and material processing , the thin strip double - roll casting and rolling technology can not only improve the production efficiency and reduce the cost , but also can effectively improve the performance of the strip blank .
Based on the characteristics of solidification process of vertical twin - roll strip casting and rolling process , a mathematical model of microstructure evolution of thin strip casting and rolling solidification process is established , and the numerical simulation of microstructure evolution of thin strip solidification process is realized by combining the method of cellular automata ( CA ) . The main research contents are as follows :
( 1 ) Using the finite element method to solve the three - dimensional macroscopic transmission problem in the casting - rolling process pool , based on the shape characteristics of the casting - rolling pool , the distribution of the temperature field and the flow field in the molten pool under different process conditions is studied with AZ31B magnesium alloy as the object .
( 2 ) The dendrite growth model based on solute diffusion control is established , and the dynamic model of dendrite tip growth under convection conditions is established by the improvement of KGT model , and the numerical algorithm of dendrite growth model is proposed by combining the cellular automata method .
( 3 ) By tracking a micro - area moving along with the roll surface as the microstructure simulation area , the temperature field inside the simulation area is calculated by the interpolation method based on the result of the macroscopic temperature field , and the calculation of solute diffusion and nucleation growth of the crystal grains is carried out on the microscopic scale . As the simulation area moves synchronously with the casting roll , the macro - microscopic coupling simulation of the casting - rolling solidification microstructure evolution process is realized .
( 4 ) Based on the established dendrite growth model and the macro - micro - coupling algorithm , the microstructure simulation program for the solidification process of the casting and rolling thin strip is prepared , and the visualization simulation of dendrite morphology and grain structure evolution can be realized .
( 5 ) The growth of single isometric crystal and multiple axes of magnesium alloy was simulated and compared with experimental results . The microstructure evolution of magnesium alloy thin strip was simulated under different process conditions . The influence of process parameters on solidification microstructure of magnesium alloy thin strip was studied .
In this paper , the effects of temperature gradient and cooling rate on the growth of dendrite in the solidification process of Si - Si steel are simulated . The influence of temperature gradient and cooling rate on the growth of columnar crystals and equiaxial crystals in solidification process is simulated .
【學位授予單位】:東北大學
【學位級別】:博士
【學位授予年份】:2015
【分類號】:TG335.9
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