本文選題：電解加工 + 流場分析�。� 參考：《西華大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：孔的加工一直以來是制造業(yè)的加工難點。傳統(tǒng)的機(jī)械加工小孔包含鉆孔、沖孔和磨孔等,但是傳統(tǒng)加工在一些硬度較高的材料,如硬質(zhì)合金,磨具剛等方面顯得十分乏力,不僅是加工效率低下,在加工質(zhì)量上也很難保證。電解加工是上個世紀(jì)出現(xiàn)的新的加工技術(shù),是21世紀(jì)加工孔的重要技術(shù)之一。電解加工的本質(zhì)上是顆粒腐蝕的過程,從理論上說能加工任何導(dǎo)電的材料,同時由于以離子的形式去除材料,因此能夠保證加工質(zhì)量和加工精度。對于電解加工,國內(nèi)外都做了很多的研究,其研究領(lǐng)域也不同,有的是加工電壓的大小,有的是電解液的濃度等等,而從鮮有從加工間隙內(nèi)電解液流場的角度為出發(fā)點研究電解顆粒的流向及運動情況。本文模擬分析過程為,首先建立電解加工的理論模型,然后將模型導(dǎo)入ICEM中劃分網(wǎng)格及邊界條件設(shè)置(這里只是名稱設(shè)置,后續(xù)參數(shù)在CFD前處理中進(jìn)行),再將畫好的網(wǎng)格導(dǎo)入CFX中設(shè)置具體參數(shù)并且運行,運行結(jié)果在CFD-POST中處理,本文主要做了如下工作。分析了圓柱電極在不同轉(zhuǎn)動的情況下的側(cè)面流場和底部的流場情況。通過對圓柱電極的模擬,分析了圓柱電極的底部和側(cè)面顆粒的運動情況,結(jié)果表明,電極轉(zhuǎn)動會使得電解顆粒向加工間隙內(nèi)流動,如果轉(zhuǎn)速越高顆粒流動的速度會越快,但是也發(fā)現(xiàn)如果轉(zhuǎn)速過高,會使得顆粒碰撞電極,且使顆粒堆積在底部從而影響加工效率。因此,只有在特定的轉(zhuǎn)速情況下才能夠最大的發(fā)揮電解加工效率。分析了螺旋電極在不同的轉(zhuǎn)速下的流場分析。通過仿真實驗得到螺旋電極確實使得加工效率增加,原因是螺旋電極的特殊外形,使得電解加工過程中流場分布發(fā)生了改變,與此同時在Z向上產(chǎn)生了一個速度,從而加速了電解顆粒的運動,使顆粒能夠更好的逃離加工間隙。本文以顆粒為研究對象,分別分析了顆粒的壓強(qiáng)梯度和流量,從理論上講如果值越大將會越有利于電解加工。分析得到轉(zhuǎn)速越高壓強(qiáng)梯度和流量都會增加,但是同圓柱電極相同,轉(zhuǎn)速過高都會使得顆粒碰撞電解使得顆粒難以逃逸出去,且堆積在底部,因此影響加工效率。因此,螺旋電極提高了電解加工的效率,但只有特定的轉(zhuǎn)速才能夠有利于電解加工。雖然通過分析得到了螺旋電極有利于電解加工,但是對于螺旋電極的參數(shù)還未討論,最后通過在特定的轉(zhuǎn)速條件下對螺旋電電極的四參數(shù)(螺距、底槽寬、槽深和螺旋角)進(jìn)行正交實驗。通過三水平四因素正交實驗建立9組不同的電極,通過對壓強(qiáng)梯度和流量分析,得到:對于壓強(qiáng)分析,螺距和槽深越小,底槽越寬越壓強(qiáng)梯度越大,對于流量得到,螺距越小底槽越寬流量越大。從物理角度上分析得到,流量和壓強(qiáng)梯度越大將會帶走更多的電解顆粒,越有利于電解加工。因此,合適的減小螺距和適當(dāng)?shù)脑黾拥撞蹖挾葘欣陔娊忸w粒逃逸加工間隙,有利于提高電解加工效率。
[Abstract]:Hole processing has always been a manufacturing difficulty. The traditional machining holes include drilling holes, punching holes and grinding holes, but the traditional machining is very weak in some high hardness materials, such as cemented carbide, grinding tools and so on, not only is the processing efficiency low, Processing quality is also difficult to guarantee. Electrolytic Machining (ECM) is a new machining technology in the last century and one of the most important techniques in the 21 ~ (st) century. Electrolytic machining (ECM) is essentially a process of particle corrosion. In theory, it can process any conductive material, at the same time, it can ensure the quality and precision of machining because of removing the material in the form of ions. For electrolytic machining, many researches have been done at home and abroad, and the research fields are also different. Some of them are the size of the processing voltage, some are the concentration of electrolyte, and so on. The flow direction and movement of electrolytic particles are studied from the point of view of electrolyte flow field in machining gap. The process of simulation and analysis in this paper is as follows: first, the theoretical model of ECM is established, and then the model is imported into ICEM to divide the grid and set the boundary conditions (in this case, it is just the name setting, The following parameters are processed in CFD pre-processing, and then the drawn grid is imported into CFX to set specific parameters and run. The running results are processed in CFD-POST. The main work of this paper is as follows. The lateral flow field and the flow field at the bottom of the cylinder electrode under different rotation conditions are analyzed. Through the simulation of the cylindrical electrode, the movement of the bottom and side particles of the cylindrical electrode is analyzed. The results show that the electrode rotation will make the electrolytic particles flow into the machining gap, and the higher the rotational speed, the faster the particle flow will be. However, it is also found that if the rotational speed is too high, particles will collide with the electrode, and the particles will pile up at the bottom, which will affect the processing efficiency. Therefore, only in the specific speed of the case can maximize the efficiency of ECM. The flow field analysis of helical electrode at different rotational speeds was carried out. The simulation results show that the spiral electrode does increase the machining efficiency because of the special shape of the spiral electrode, which makes the flow field distribution change during ECM, and at the same time produces a speed in Z upward. Thus, the movement of electrolytic particles is accelerated and the particles can escape the machining gap better. In this paper, the pressure gradient and flow rate of particles are analyzed respectively. In theory, the larger the value is, the more favorable ECM will be. The analysis shows that the higher the rotational speed the higher the pressure gradient and the flow rate will increase but the higher the rotational speed will make the particle collision electrolysis make it difficult for particles to escape and pile up at the bottom so the processing efficiency will be affected. Therefore, the helical electrode improves the efficiency of ECM, but only the specific rotational speed can be beneficial to ECM. Although it is found that helical electrode is beneficial to ECM, the parameters of helical electrode have not been discussed. Finally, the four parameters (pitch, bottom slot width) of helical electrode are obtained under specific rotating speed. The groove depth and spiral angle were tested by orthogonal test. Nine groups of different electrodes were established by orthogonal experiment of three water and four factors. Through the analysis of pressure gradient and flow rate, it was obtained that for pressure analysis, the smaller the pitch and groove depth, the wider the bottom slot, the greater the pressure gradient, and for the flow rate, the greater the pressure gradient. The smaller the pitch, the wider the flow rate. From the physical point of view, the larger the flow rate and pressure gradient, the more electrolytic particles will be taken away, which is more favorable to ECM. Therefore, a proper reduction of pitch and a proper increase of the width of bottom slot will be conducive to the escape gap of electrolytic particles and to improve the efficiency of ECM.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TG662

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 胡洋洋;朱荻;李寒松;曾永彬;明平美;;UV-LIGA與微細(xì)電火花加工組合制造微細(xì)電解陣列電極[J];東南大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2010年01期

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本文編號：1812375