本文選題：H型鋼 + 熱軋　； 參考：《北京科技大學》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：H型鋼具有眾多優(yōu)點,在建筑、造船、機械制造等眾多領域均有廣泛的應用,是國家鼓勵使用的節(jié)能環(huán)保型“綠色鋼材”。H型鋼復雜多樣的使用環(huán)境對H型鋼的組織和性能提出了新的、更高的要求。為了經(jīng)濟、便捷地生產(chǎn)合格的產(chǎn)品,基于現(xiàn)有的研究成果,面向組織的生產(chǎn)工藝設計方法被建立起來。 本文以Q235B鋼種HN800×300H型鋼作為研究對象,結合山東萊蕪鋼鐵集團公司大型H型鋼生產(chǎn)線的實際工藝,采集了軋制力、溫度等生產(chǎn)實測數(shù)據(jù),對H型鋼開坯前、精軋后和空冷后產(chǎn)品的組織進行了金相觀察與分析,并通過熱模擬實驗建立了Q235B鋼的高溫流變應力模型。在此基礎上,基于ABAQUS軟件建立了H型鋼全軋程組織預測仿真模型,分析了軋制力、溫度場、組織場等仿真結果,驗證了仿真模型的準確性,為H型鋼工藝設計研究提供了數(shù)據(jù)支撐。在分析結果的基礎上,基于Hodgson組織預測模型,采用靈敏度分析方法提出了面向組織的正向工藝設計及優(yōu)化方法,便捷、有效地解決了軋制過程晶粒細化的問題；采用逆向設計方法提出了面向組織的逆向工藝設計方法,有效地解決了生產(chǎn)指定晶粒尺寸軋鋼產(chǎn)品的問題。本文的主要工作及結論如下： (1)采用單道次壓縮實驗數(shù)據(jù),構建了考慮再結晶信息的新型高溫流變應力函數(shù),準確描述了Q235B鋼的高溫變形行為。同時,基于ABAQUS用戶子程序VUMAT和UMAT構建了適用于顯式軋制過程計算和適用于隱式間隙過程計算的材料模型,成功地將高溫流變應力函數(shù)模型和彈塑性增量本構關系引入了仿真模型中。 (2)分析總結了現(xiàn)有的經(jīng)典再結晶模型,并采用單道次壓縮實驗和雙道次壓縮實驗數(shù)據(jù)分析驗證組織演化模型的準確性、適用性,證明Hodgson模型是較為準確的、適用的。分析Hodgson模型得出了模型包含的固有缺陷,并提出了相應的解決辦法,保證了仿真計算結果的準確性、合理性。同時,基于ABAQUS用戶子程序VUMAT和UMAT成功引入組織演化模型,實現(xiàn)了H型鋼軋制過程組織預測仿真計算。 (3)結合材料模型和組織預測模型,根據(jù)軋制規(guī)程構建了HN800x300H型鋼軋制過程組織預測仿真模型,并采用網(wǎng)格重構和數(shù)據(jù)傳遞等方法實現(xiàn)了全軋程組織預測計算。軋制力結果分析表明,開坯過程軋制力仿真值與實測值相對誤差在1.60%-28.63%之間。組織預測結果分析表明,奧氏體晶粒尺寸在軋制過程減小,間隙過程長大,且腹板奧氏體晶粒尺寸在精軋過程變化不大,而翼緣和R角在精軋過程反復減小和增大；R角晶粒尺寸最大、翼緣次之,腹板最小,分布規(guī)律與金相觀察結果一致。 (4)采用靈敏度分析方法,結合優(yōu)化算法實現(xiàn)了H800×300H型鋼開坯軋制工藝的正向設計�；陟`敏度定義,結合Hodgson再結晶模型建立了單道次、多道次過程奧氏體晶粒尺寸對工藝參數(shù)的靈敏度方程,并采用該方程分析得出溫度、第6道次應變速率和間隙時間、第7道次應變和和間隙時間對開坯后奧氏體晶粒尺寸影響最大的結論,進而設計了新工藝,使得開坯后奧氏體晶粒尺寸約為43.10μm,較原工藝所得奧氏體晶粒尺寸值減小38.34%。 (5)基于Hodgson再結晶模型,建立了逆向工藝設計方法,并將其應用于H800×300H型鋼開坯軋制的工藝設計,實現(xiàn)了面向組織的軋制工藝設計。在假設已知溫度和變形量變化范圍的基礎上,建立了不同組織演化路徑下應變速率、間隙時間和初始晶粒尺寸的可行域的數(shù)學模型；同時以工藝距離為度量,提出了工藝參數(shù)選擇的依據(jù),解決了工藝路徑存在多條的問題,并保證了工藝路徑的有效性。采用逆向工藝設計方法所得的H型鋼開坯軋制新工藝通過適當降低軋制溫度、縮短間隙時間、調整應變量大小實現(xiàn)了設計目標,開坯軋制后奧氏體晶粒尺寸達到預期的50μm,證明了逆向工藝設計方法的準確性、有效性。
[Abstract]:H steel has many advantages. It is widely used in many fields, such as building, shipbuilding, mechanical manufacturing and so on. It is an energy saving and environment-friendly "green steel" type.H steel which is encouraged by the state to use the complex and diverse environment to put forward new and higher requirements for the organization and performance of H type steel. Some research results have been established for organization oriented production process planning.
In this paper, the Q235B steel HN800 x 300H steel is taken as the research object. Combined with the actual process of the large H steel production line of Shandong Laiwu iron and Steel Group Corporation, the measured data of rolling force and temperature are collected. The microstructure of the product is observed and analyzed after the finish rolling of H steel, after the finishing rolling and after the air cooling, and Q2 is established by the thermal simulation experiment. The high temperature rheological stress model of 35B steel is based on this, based on the ABAQUS software, the simulation model of the whole rolling process of H steel is established, and the simulation results of rolling force, temperature field and tissue field are analyzed. The accuracy of the simulation model is verified, and the data support for the study of H steel process design is provided. Based on the analysis results, Hodgson is based on the Hodgson. An organization oriented forward process design and optimization method is proposed by the method of sensitivity analysis, which is convenient and effective to solve the problem of grain refinement in the rolling process, and a reverse design method of reverse design is put forward by reverse design method, which effectively solves the problem of producing steel rolling products with specified grain size. The main work and conclusions of this article are as follows:
(1) a new high temperature rheological stress function, which considers the recrystallization information, is constructed to describe the high temperature deformation behavior of Q235B steel accurately. At the same time, the material model, based on the ABAQUS user subroutine VUMAT and UMAT, is constructed to calculate the explicit rolling process and apply to the calculation of the implicit clearance process. The high temperature flow stress function model and elastoplastic incremental constitutive relation are introduced into the simulation model.
(2) analyzing and summarizing the existing classic recrystallization models, and using single channel compression experiment and double channel compression test data analysis to verify the accuracy and applicability of the organization evolution model, and prove that the Hodgson model is more accurate and applicable. The analysis of Hodgson model gives the inherent defects of the model type, and puts forward the corresponding solutions. It ensures the accuracy and rationality of the simulation results. At the same time, based on the ABAQUS user subroutine VUMAT and UMAT, the organization evolution model is successfully introduced, and the simulation calculation of the microstructure prediction of the H steel rolling process is realized.
(3) combining the material model and the organization prediction model, the simulation model of the microstructure prediction of HN800x300H steel rolling process is constructed according to the rolling regulation. The whole rolling process prediction calculation is realized by means of grid reconstruction and data transfer. The analysis of rolling force results shows that the relative error between the simulation value of rolling force and the measured value is 1.60%-28. 63%. The analysis of the microstructure prediction results shows that the austenite grain size decreases in the rolling process, the gap process grows, and the austenite grain size of the web has little change in the finishing process, while the flange and R angle decrease and increase repeatedly in the finishing process; the R angle grain size is the largest, the flange is the second, the web is the smallest, the distribution law and the metallographic observation result. Agreement.
(4) using the sensitivity analysis method and combining with the optimization algorithm, the forward design of H800 x 300H steel rolling process is realized. Based on the sensitivity definition and the Hodgson recrystallization model, the sensitivity formula of the austenite grain size to the process parameters is established, and the temperature is obtained by the equation analysis, and the sixth pass should be obtained. The influence of the speed and clearance time, the seventh pass strain and the interval time on the grain size of the austenite after opening is the most important, and a new process is designed, which makes the grain size of austenite after opening is about 43.10 m, and the austenite grain size value of the original process decreases by 38.34%..
(5) based on the Hodgson recrystallization model, a reverse process design method is established and applied to the process design of H800 x 300H steel rolling. The organization oriented rolling process design is realized. On the basis of the change range of the known temperature and deformation, the strain rate, clearance time and initial stage under the different evolution path are established. A mathematical model of the feasible region of the grain size; at the same time, the basis of the process parameter selection is put forward with the technological distance as the measure. The problem of multi strip in the process path is solved, and the effectiveness of the process path is guaranteed. The new process of rolling H steel rolling through the reverse process design method can reduce the rolling temperature and shorten the interval through the proper reduction of the rolling temperature. The design goal was achieved by the time of clearance and the adjustment of the size of the strain. The grain size of austenite reached the expected 50 m after rolling, which proved the accuracy and effectiveness of the reverse process design method.

【學位授予單位】：北京科技大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TG335.11

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