本文選題：激光技術(shù)　切入點(diǎn)：激光熔覆成形　出處：《中國激光》2015年03期

【摘要】：在金屬激光熔覆自由三維成形中,不斷生長的成形面與成形噴頭之間的距離應(yīng)保持恒定值,以保證生長表面上處于聚焦激光焦點(diǎn)附近熔池的離焦量基本不變。以光學(xué)三角法為原理,提出了一種基于嵌入式機(jī)器視覺的激光自由成形熔池離焦量在線測控系統(tǒng),推導(dǎo)出了鏡頭焦距設(shè)計(jì)公式,給出了系統(tǒng)硬件方案以及軟件方案,同時(shí)為高效穩(wěn)定處理熔池圖像,提出了一種基于面積的熔池灰度閾值估計(jì)算法。經(jīng)測試,此測量系統(tǒng)能實(shí)時(shí)準(zhǔn)確地測得熔池離焦量,將該系統(tǒng)運(yùn)用至實(shí)際薄壁圓環(huán)成形中,實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)節(jié)光頭提升速度以保持離焦量恒定,使得薄壁圓環(huán)成形精度得到明顯提高。
[Abstract]:In metal laser cladding free 3D forming, the distance between the continuously growing forming surface and the forming nozzle should be kept constant, so as to ensure that the defocusing amount of the molten pool near the focused laser focus on the growth surface is basically unchanged.Based on the principle of optical triangulation, an on-line measurement and control system of laser free-forming molten pool defocusing is proposed based on embedded machine vision. The design formula of lens focal length is derived, and the hardware and software scheme are given.In order to process molten pool image efficiently and stably, an area based gray threshold estimation algorithm is proposed.The measurement system can measure the defocus of molten pool in real time and accurately. The system is applied to the actual thin-walled ring forming. The lifting speed of the optical head is adjusted in real time to keep the defocus constant, and the forming accuracy of the thin-walled ring is obviously improved.
【作者單位】： 蘇州大學(xué)機(jī)電工程學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金(61475107) 江蘇省科技支撐計(jì)劃重點(diǎn)(BE2012068)資助課題 江蘇省光子制造科學(xué)與技術(shù)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室開放基金(GZ201209)
【分類號(hào)】：TG665;TP391.41

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