本文選題：高氮奧氏體不銹鋼　切入點：表面機(jī)械壓磨　出處：《長春工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：高氮奧氏體不銹鋼具備高強(qiáng)度、高韌性、高塑性以及高蠕變抗性、強(qiáng)耐蝕性和無磁特性等諸多優(yōu)異的物理化學(xué)性能,因而在軍工行業(yè)、海洋工程以及石油化工等領(lǐng)域內(nèi)具備十分良好的應(yīng)用前景。尤其是高氮鋼的無磁特性,不論是在無磁鉆鋌還是在軍工設(shè)備制造等領(lǐng)域內(nèi)都具備獨特的優(yōu)勢。另外,以氮代鎳的不銹鋼制備技術(shù)能大大降低不銹鋼生產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域?qū)饘冁嚨囊蕾囎饔?對稀缺鎳資源的戰(zhàn)略儲備具有十分積極的意義。同時,相對于稀缺鎳元素來說,氮元素低廉的價格也使得不銹鋼的價格優(yōu)勢十分明顯。隨著高氮鋼常壓冶煉技術(shù)日趨成熟和完善,不銹鋼的生產(chǎn)成本也能得到有效的控制,企業(yè)化、規(guī)�；纳a(chǎn)已經(jīng)成為可能。優(yōu)異的性能和低廉的價格將會促進(jìn)高氮鋼在各個領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用和快速推廣近年來,人們發(fā)現(xiàn)利用塑性變形技術(shù)能夠制備金屬納米材料,實現(xiàn)對材料表面性能的改進(jìn)并拓展其應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域。通過對材料表面的強(qiáng)塑性變形處理能制備梯度納米結(jié)構(gòu)。梯度納米結(jié)構(gòu)的多級構(gòu)筑類型不僅能將納米結(jié)構(gòu)材料的優(yōu)異性能發(fā)揮出來,還能克服納米材料的性能缺陷,是納米材料制備及應(yīng)用的新出路。本論文以熱成形Fe-21 Cr-17Mn-2.43Mo-Nb-0.83N為研究對象,首先對其進(jìn)行1150℃,10h的擴(kuò)散退火、水淬；然后利用自行設(shè)計的內(nèi)嵌滾珠的摩擦頭在銑床上對打磨光滑的板材進(jìn)行時間分別為240min、360min、480min的表面機(jī)械壓磨處理,并對處理后試樣進(jìn)行不同溫度和時間的真空保溫處理。采用X-RAY、顯微硬度計、透射電鏡等實驗設(shè)備,對表面機(jī)械壓磨前后以及真空保溫處理前后的試樣進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)表征,探究了高氮奧氏體不銹鋼梯度納米結(jié)構(gòu)制備的機(jī)理及熱穩(wěn)定性,對高氮鋼應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域的拓展具有一定的參考意義。本文主要研究結(jié)果如下：1)本研究提供了一種制備表面納米結(jié)構(gòu)層的新工藝一表面機(jī)械壓磨法,并能通過此種方法制備梯度納米結(jié)構(gòu)金屬材料。2)高氮奧氏體不銹鋼0Cr21Mn17Mo2NbN0.83經(jīng)過240min、360min、480min機(jī)械壓磨處理后,其表面納米細(xì)化層與過渡層的總厚度超過700μm,且硬度值提高一倍以上；3)高氮奧氏體不銹鋼0Cr21Mn17Mo2NbN0.83在表面機(jī)械壓磨以及后續(xù)的熱處理過程中,未生成新相、始終為單一的奧氏體組織；4)熱處理溫度對機(jī)械壓磨的高氮奧氏體不銹鋼0Cr21Mn17Mo2NbN0.83的梯度納米結(jié)構(gòu)影響較大,溫度升高到923K后,表面納米層厚度會減小且過渡區(qū)會發(fā)生回復(fù)再結(jié)晶現(xiàn)象；5)在873K以內(nèi),保溫時間對高氮奧氏體不銹鋼0Cr21Mn17Mo2NbN0.83的梯度納米結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)定性影響較小,金相組織無明顯變化,顯微硬度值變化也不明顯,但在873K長時間(300min)保溫的過程中,過渡區(qū)部分高應(yīng)變率的組織會發(fā)生回復(fù)再結(jié)晶現(xiàn)象,梯度納米結(jié)構(gòu)的穩(wěn)定性也會受到影響。
[Abstract]:High nitrogen austenitic stainless steel has many excellent physical and chemical properties, such as high strength, high toughness, high plasticity, high creep resistance, strong corrosion resistance and non-magnetic properties. Ocean engineering, petrochemical and other fields have a very good application prospects. In particular, the non-magnetic characteristics of high-nitrogen steel, whether in the field of non-magnetic drill collar or military equipment manufacturing and other fields have unique advantages. In addition, The technology of preparing stainless steel with nitrogen instead of nickel can greatly reduce the dependence on metal nickel in the field of stainless steel production, and has a very positive significance for the strategic reserve of scarce nickel resources. The low price of nitrogen also makes the price advantage of stainless steel very obvious. With the maturation and perfection of atmospheric pressure smelting technology of high nitrogen steel, the production cost of stainless steel can also be effectively controlled and commercialized. Large scale production has become possible. Excellent performance and low price will promote the application and rapid promotion of high nitrogen steel in various fields. In recent years, it has been found that metal nanomaterials can be prepared by plastic deformation technology. To improve the surface properties of materials and expand their application fields. Gradient nanostructures can be prepared by means of strong plastic deformation treatment on the surface of materials. The multilevel construction types of gradient nanostructures can not only change the properties of nanostructured materials. The excellent performance is brought into play, It is also a new way for the preparation and application of nanomaterials. In this thesis, hot forming Fe-21 Cr-17Mn-2.43Mo-Nb-0.83N was studied by diffusion annealing at 1150 鈩，

本文編號：1680464