本文關(guān)鍵詞： 高強(qiáng)度鋼板 壓型模具 結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化 載荷轉(zhuǎn)換　出處：《湖南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著人們對汽車的輕量化與安全性能提出更高的要求,高強(qiáng)度鋼板正逐漸成為汽車覆蓋件的首選材料。高強(qiáng)度鋼板具有強(qiáng)度高和塑性低的特點(diǎn),相比普通鋼板,高強(qiáng)度鋼板更易造成模具磨損,因此對沖壓模具的結(jié)構(gòu)形式提出更高的要求。目前,沖壓模具結(jié)構(gòu)在設(shè)計時僅依賴于模具設(shè)計人員的經(jīng)驗(yàn),缺乏可靠準(zhǔn)確的分析方法。故其設(shè)計時往往忽略了模具的彈性變形,難以精確獲得模具的受力情況及板料的成形質(zhì)量。因此,本文將提出一種新的模具結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化方法——考慮模具彈性變形,將拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化技術(shù)與板料成形數(shù)值技術(shù)相結(jié)合,對模具的結(jié)構(gòu)形式進(jìn)行優(yōu)化分析。首先運(yùn)用LS-DYNA軟件建立模具彈塑性的有限元沖壓仿真模型,以獲得沖壓過程中板料對模具的作用力。通過板料成形極限分析以及沖壓過程的應(yīng)力應(yīng)變結(jié)果對傳統(tǒng)模具的受力及變形情況進(jìn)行了全面準(zhǔn)確的預(yù)測。其次通過載荷轉(zhuǎn)換成功地將數(shù)值模擬成形過程中的接觸力加載為拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化模型的力邊界條件。運(yùn)用OPTISTRUCT軟件對沖壓模具進(jìn)行拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化,并結(jié)合汽車覆蓋件的鑄造工藝特點(diǎn)對優(yōu)化后的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行幾何重構(gòu)。最后將優(yōu)化前后模具結(jié)構(gòu)的動力分析結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比分析,新結(jié)構(gòu)比傳統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)節(jié)約重量約26.4%,模具最大應(yīng)力降低48.3%,最大應(yīng)變降低64.5%。表明了該模具結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化方法的有效性。
[Abstract]:High strength steel plate is becoming the first choice material of automobile panel with higher requirement of light weight and safety performance. High strength steel plate has the characteristics of high strength and low plasticity, compared with ordinary steel plate, high strength steel plate is becoming the preferred material for automobile panels. High strength steel plate is more likely to cause die wear, so higher requirements are put forward for the structural form of stamping die. At present, the design of stamping die structure only depends on the experience of the die designer. Because of the lack of reliable and accurate analysis methods, the elastic deformation of the die is often neglected in its design, and it is difficult to accurately obtain the stress of the die and the forming quality of the sheet metal. In this paper, a new method of die structure optimization is proposed. Considering the elastic deformation of die, the topology optimization technique is combined with the numerical technology of sheet metal forming. The structure of die is optimized and analyzed. Firstly, the finite element stamping simulation model of die elastoplasticity is established by using LS-DYNA software. Through the forming limit analysis of sheet metal and the stress and strain result of stamping process, the stress and deformation of traditional die are forecasted comprehensively and accurately. The contact force in the process of numerical simulation is successfully loaded into the force boundary condition of the topology optimization model. The stamping die is topologically optimized by using OPTISTRUCT software. The geometric reconstruction of the optimized structure is carried out according to the casting process characteristics of the automobile panel. Finally, the dynamic analysis results of the die structure before and after the optimization are compared and analyzed. Compared with the traditional structure, the new structure saves about 26.4 weight, reduces the maximum stress of the die by 48.3% and the maximum strain by 64.55.This shows the effectiveness of the optimization method of the die structure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U466

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