發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-28 09:21

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 超疏水 鋁 海水腐蝕性 機(jī)械疏水耐久度 摩擦學(xué)性能　出處：《青島理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來,受到仿生學(xué)的啟發(fā),超疏水表面逐漸走入人們的視野,基于其優(yōu)異的耐污濁、自清潔、防冰凝、防腐蝕性能,在建筑業(yè)、工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)等各個(gè)領(lǐng)域得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。隨著我國海洋工業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展,開發(fā)海洋,利用海洋,緩解資源環(huán)境壓力,成為亟待解決的問題。其中海水腐蝕是阻礙海洋工業(yè)發(fā)展的主要因素之一,本文中將超疏水表面與防海水腐蝕相結(jié)合,通過在材料表面制備超疏水涂層來達(dá)到緩蝕效果。超疏水表面微納相結(jié)合的粗糙結(jié)構(gòu)易被破壞進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致了其疏水性能的降低,因此制備具有良好的機(jī)械疏水耐久度的基底來提高材料表面的使用壽命是超疏水廣泛應(yīng)用的關(guān)鍵因素。由于鋁在海洋中廣泛的應(yīng)用,本文利用商業(yè)鋁片作為基底,通過陽極氧化法以及刻蝕法制備得到微納相結(jié)合的粗糙結(jié)構(gòu),改性之后使表面具備超疏水性。通過CHI660E電化學(xué)工作站對制備的基底研究其耐腐蝕性能測試,利用UMT摩擦磨損實(shí)驗(yàn)機(jī)研究超疏水基底的摩擦性能以及機(jī)械疏水耐久度。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):(1)通過陽極氧化法對金屬鋁基底制備氧化鋁,然后再經(jīng)過20g/L的鉻酸溶液刻蝕和熔融十四酸進(jìn)行表面改性,得到了對水靜態(tài)接觸角達(dá)150°以上、滾動(dòng)角為1°的超疏水表面。這種超疏水基底的抗海水腐蝕性能顯著提高,緩蝕率可達(dá)99.99%,極大地減緩了基底在海水中的腐蝕速率。通過UMT摩擦磨損實(shí)驗(yàn)機(jī)利用鋼球在0.5N負(fù)載下摩擦表面研究其摩擦性能,發(fā)現(xiàn)薄膜對基底起到了良好的保護(hù)作用,壽命超過1800s;利用金相拋光布在0.1N負(fù)載下摩擦表面研究機(jī)械疏水耐久度,2400周期后表面仍能保持一定的疏水性能。(2)通過Cu Cl2溶液對鋁基底進(jìn)行刻蝕,后通過在恒溫干燥箱中加熱20h、熔融十四酸改性、加熱20h后熔融十四酸改性三種方法制備得到超疏水表面,對水的靜態(tài)接觸角分別為146°、152°、154°,滾動(dòng)角分別為8°、7°、4°。這些疏水表面在海水環(huán)境下都具有一定的緩蝕效果,緩蝕率分別為26.88%、98.06%、99.00%。且不同改性方法制備得到的基底具有不同的摩擦性能與不同的機(jī)械疏水耐久度,其中熔融十四酸改性基底耐磨性能最好,在0.5N負(fù)載下摩擦系數(shù)保持0.4超過1800s。機(jī)械疏水耐久度:加熱20h后熔融十四酸改性基底熔融十四酸改性基底加熱20h改性基底,在經(jīng)過2400周期后并未完全喪失其疏水性。本文中,將陽極氧化法、化學(xué)刻蝕法和低表面能涂層法有機(jī)結(jié)合,在鋁基底上制備出了靜態(tài)接觸角大于150°的超疏水表面,且表面具有優(yōu)異的耐腐蝕性能、較高機(jī)械疏水耐久度。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果對于金屬鋁在防海水腐蝕等實(shí)際應(yīng)用中具有一定的意義。
[Abstract]:In recent years, inspired by bionics, superhydrophobic surface has gradually entered the field of vision, based on its excellent anti-fouling, self-cleaning, anti-icing, anti-corrosion performance in construction, industry. Agriculture and other fields have been widely used. With the rapid development of China's marine industry, the development of the ocean, the use of the ocean, ease the pressure on the resources and environment. Seawater corrosion is one of the main factors hindering the development of marine industry. In this paper, the super-hydrophobic surface is combined with anti-seawater corrosion. The corrosion inhibition effect is achieved by preparing superhydrophobic coating on the surface of the material. The coarse structure of the superhydrophobic surface combined with micro-nano is easy to be destroyed and the hydrophobic property is reduced. Therefore, the preparation of a substrate with good mechanical hydrophobic durability to improve the service life of the material surface is a key factor in the wide application of superhydrophobic materials, because aluminum is widely used in the ocean. In this paper, commercial aluminum wafers were used as substrates, and the coarse microstructure was prepared by anodic oxidation and etching. After modification, the surface was superhydrophobic. The corrosion resistance of the prepared substrate was studied by CHI660E electrochemical workstation. The friction properties and hydrophobic durability of superhydrophobic substrates were studied by UMT friction and wear tester. It was found that the Al _ 2O _ 3 was prepared by anodic oxidation method. After 20 g / L chromic acid solution etching and surface modification of molten 14 acid, the static contact angle of water is over 150 擄. The superhydrophobic surface with a rolling angle of 1 擄has improved the corrosion resistance of the superhydrophobic substrate and the corrosion inhibition rate of the superhydrophobic substrate can reach 99.99%. The corrosion rate of the substrate in seawater was greatly reduced. The friction properties of the steel ball under 0.5 N load were studied by UMT friction and wear tester. It is found that the thin film has a good protective effect on the substrate and its lifetime is longer than 1800s. The mechanical hydrophobic durability was studied on the friction surface of metallographic polishing cloth under 0.1N load. After 2400 cycles, the surface can still maintain a certain hydrophobic property. (2) the aluminum substrate is etched by Cu Cl2 solution, and then modified by melting 14 acid by heating in a constant temperature dryer for 20 h. The superhydrophobic surface was prepared by melting 14 acid modified by heating for 20 h. The static contact angle for water was 146 擄/ 152 擄V 154 擄and the rolling angle was 8 擄(7 擄). 4 擄. These hydrophobic surfaces have certain corrosion inhibition effect in seawater environment, and the corrosion inhibition rates are 26.88% and 98.06% respectively. The substrate prepared by different modification methods has different friction properties and different hydrophobic durability, among which the melt 14 acid modified substrate has the best wear resistance. The mechanical hydrophobic durability of 14 acid modified substrate was heated for 20 hours, and the melting 14 acid modified substrate was melted 14 acid modified substrate was heated for 20 hours and the modified substrate was heated for 20 hours. The hydrophobicity has not been completely lost after 2400 cycles. In this paper, the anodic oxidation method, chemical etching method and low surface energy coating method are combined organically. The superhydrophobic surface with static contact angle greater than 150 擄was prepared on the aluminum substrate, and the surface had excellent corrosion resistance. The experimental results have a certain significance for the practical application of aluminum in seawater corrosion prevention and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TG174.4

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